杨氏模量实验仪器调节的一种优化方法及实施方案

指出杨氏模量实验调节的难点,用理论指导实践的方法分析调节困难的原因.并针对问题提出一种新的简单的调节方法--立靶法,有效地解决了瞄准难和调焦难的问题.还给出了立靶法的完整流程图,介绍了立靶法的实施方案.     

高光谱遥感技术在水稻转入基因表达的检测指示作用研究

传统方法在转基因作物目的基因表达检测上做了很多工作,但仍有发展空间。该研究利用野外高光谱仪(ASD野外光谱仪),避免了实验室测量带来温度水分差异造成的影响,实地测量大田水稻样本光谱数据;通过引入内部聚类系数控制类内波段聚合度,使用均值光谱表征样本类光谱,计算与光合作用高度相关的边峰以及光化学植被指数等参数,快速定量了转基因组样本与亲本在光合作用波段的光谱表达差异。研究结果表明转入基因得到了表达、对样本产生了影响,同时发现面积参数适合描述样本差异,而光化学植被指数对样本差异尤为敏感。这些都证明高光谱遥感技术在水稻转入基因表达检测上具有良好指示作用和应用优势,前景看好。     

基于高光谱反射率的冬小麦生长后期氮素丰度监测研究

生物量、氮素含量和LAI(leaf area index)是生态系统中表征作物长势最重要的参数,叶干重、叶片氮素含量和LAI实时动态监测对小麦氮素营养诊断和管理调控具有重要意义。选用了五个小麦品种和四个氮素水平的比较实验,研究不同处理冬小麦抽穗到黄熟期氮素丰度(NR)与光谱反射率差值(ΔR)的关系,建立冬小麦后期氮素丰度监测模型。结果表明,不同品种的冬小麦冠层叶片氮素丰度随生育进程推进而增加,不同氮素处理氮素丰度大小为N0N3N1N2,光谱参量TCARI和VD672与氮素丰度的相关性最好,相关系数(r)分别为0.870和0.855,其建立氮素丰度估测模型的决定系数分别为0.757和0.731,预测准确率达84.56%和80.13%。光谱参数TCARI和VD672可以有效地评价小麦后期冠层叶片氮素状况,可以对氮素丰度进行准确可靠的监测。     

Synthesis of Cyanobenzaldehydes （m—,o—,p—）by Molecular oxygen Oxidation Methods

Cyanobenzaldehydes (m-,o-,p-) were synthesized by oxidation of corresponding tolunitriles with molecular oxygen,catalyzed by cobalt acetate and sodium bromide.     

Supramolecular assembly of three d~(10) metal coordination polymers based on the naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylate ligand:Syntheses,structures and luminescent properties

Three d10 tetranuclear complexes,Cd 4(1,8-nap) 4(2,2′-bipy) 4(H2O) 8·6H2O(1,8-nap=naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylate and 2,2′bipy=2,2′-bipyridine)(1),Cd4(1,8-nap) 4(2,2′-bipy) 4(H2O) 8·6H2O(2) andZn4(1,8-nap) 4(2,2′-bipy) 4(H2O) 4·2H2O(3),have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analyses,IR and X-ray diffraction techniques. Complexes 1 and 2 are isomers showing one-dimensional ribbon-like structures connected by O-H···O hydrogen bonds,and the one-dimensional ribbons are ...     

增敏光度法测定粮食中微量碘

研究了NaCl增敏碘 淀粉显色反应。NaCl用量为0 24g mL,H3PO4(3 97)为0.5mL的酸度条件下以KI还原KIO3与淀粉显色,λmax=483nm,λmax=2 7×105L·mol-1·cm-1。在483nm处,测得碘在大米、小麦和玉米中的回收率在96.3%～99.1%,RSD<2.5%。该法已用于大米、小麦、玉米等食品中微量碘的分析。     

新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑病脑组织中微量元素的变化

为探讨新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑病脑组织中 5种元素 (Fe2 + 、Ca2 + 、Zn2 + 、Cu2 + 、Mg2 + )的变化及意义 ,将新生Wistar鼠 2 4只随机分为正常对照组和缺氧缺血性脑病组 ,乙醚吸入麻醉后用1 0双线结扎右侧颈总动脉 ,术后恢复 4h ,吸入含 8%O2 和 92 %N2 混合气体 2h后将 2组大鼠处死 ,取脑组织 ,用原子吸收分光光度仪测定其微量元素的变化。结果表明 ,与正常对照组相比较 ,缺氧缺血性脑病脑组织中Zn2 + 、Mn2 + 、Cu2 + 含量明显减少 (P <0 0 1 ) ;Ca2 + 增加 (P <0 0 1 )。提示缺氧缺血性脑病能引起大鼠脑组织微量元素的改变     

佝偻病患者的全血微量元素分析

为探讨佝偻病与血微量元素的关系,检测了326例佝偻病患儿全血微量元素水平。结果显示,本组佝偻病40．1％的病例血锌低于第25百分位数值,病情严重组的血锌值明显低于病情较轻组,且有统计学意义,按全血锌百分位数值分布及结合资料,显示病情愈重低血锌病例愈多;病情较轻组的铁水平较病情严重组低,且有统计学意义,按全血铁百分位数值分布及结合资料亦显示,病情严重的佝偻病组铁在中位数以上的病例数较病情较轻的佝偻病组多,有统计学意义;本组佝偻病69．6％的病例血铅含量超过100μg/L,病情严重组的血铅值明显高于病情较轻组,且有统计学意义,按全血铅百分位数值分布结合资料,显示病情愈重高血铅的病例愈多。提示佝偻病的治疗需提高血锌水平及防治铅中毒。     

Restriction of Intramolecular Motion(RIM): Investigating AIE Mechanism from Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Mechanistic studies promote scientific development from phenomena to theories.Aggregation-induced emission(AIE),as an unusual photophysical phenomenon,builds the bridge between molecular science and aggregate mesoscience.With the twenty-year development of AIE,restriction of intramolecular motion(RIM)has been verified as the working mechanism of AIE effect.In this review,these mechanistic works about RIM are summarized from experimental and theoretical perspectives.Thereinto,the experimental studies are introduced from three parts:external rigidification,structural modification and structural characterization.In the theoretical part,calculations on the low-frequency motion of AIEgens have been performed to prove the RIM mechanism.By virtue of the theoretical calculations,some new mechanisms are proposed to supplement the RIM,such as restriction of access to conical intersection,suppression of Kasha transition,restriction of access to dark state,etc.It is foreseeable that the RIM mechanism will unify the photophysical theories for both molecules and aggregates,and inspire more progress in aggregate science.     

Organic Nanocrystals Based on a Solid-emission-tunable AIEgen for Cell Imaging

The development of fluorescent nanocrystals based on organic small molecules is of great importance in bioimaging due to the merits of easy modification,high brightness and excellent photostability,however suffering from the emission-detrimental aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)effect.Herein,we successfully designed and synthesized an AIE-active di(N,N-dimethylaniline)-dibenzofulvene(named as NFTPE),which exhibits the crystallization-induced emission enhancement(CIEE)effect.Interestingly,two types of yellow-and orange-emissive crystals for NFTPE were obtained,exhibiting aggregation microenvironment-dependent emission tuning in the solid state.Single-crystal analysis and density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that different aggregation microenvironments result in the distinct molecular conformation for various emission.Excitingly,the crystallization of NFTPE in an aqueous solution under the assistance of amphiphilic PEG polymer matrices could be monitored in situ by the fluorescence changes,facilitating the preparation of NFTPE nanocrystals(NFTPE-NCs)by adjusting the aggregation microenvironment.The obtained NFTPE-NCs exhibit the superior performance in cell imaging in respect to high brightness,photostability,and biocompatibility,thus demonstrating the potential in bioimaging applications.