89-GHz fT room-temperature silicon MOSFETs

The authors report the implementation of deep-submicrometer Si MOSFETs that at room temperature have a unity-current-gain cutoff frequency (f_T) of 89 GHz, for a drain-to-source bias of 1.5 V, a gate-to-source bias of 1 V, a gate oxide thickness of 40 Å, and a channel length of 0.15 μm. The fabrication procedure is mostly conventional, except for the e-beam defined gates. The speed performance is achieved through an intrinsic transit time of only 1.8 ps across the active device region     

Numerical study of simultaneous natural convection heat transfer from both surfaces of a uniformly heated thin plate with arbitrary inclination

 Numerical studies were conducted to investigate the natural convection heat transfer around a uniformly heated thin plate with arbitrary inclination in an infinite space. The numerical approach was based on the finite volume technique with a nonstaggered grid arrangement. For handling the pressure–velocity coupling the SIMPLE-algorithm was used. QUICK scheme and first order upwind scheme were employed for discretization of the momentum and energy convective terms respectively. Plate width and heating rate were used to vary the modified Rayleigh number over the range of 4.8×10⁶ to 1.87×10⁸. Local and average heat transfer characteristics were compared with regarding to the inclination angle. The empirical expressions for local and average Nusselt number were correlated. It has been found that for inclination angle less than 10^∘, the flow and heat transfer characteristics are complicated and the average Nusselt number can not be correlated by one equation while for inclination angle larger than 10^∘, the average Nusselt number can be correlated into an elegant correlation. Received on 18 April 2001 / Published online: 29 November 2001     

Characterization of charge trapping in submicrometer NMOSFET's bygate capacitance measurements

Trapping of net positive charge at low gate stress voltage, and of net negative charge at high gate stress voltage, is observed through changes in the gate-to-drain capacitance of the stressed junction. These observations can be explained in terms of electron trapping, hole trapping, and generation of acceptor-like interface states located in the upper half of the bandgap. Channel shortening is also observed and found to exhibit a logarithmic time dependence     

A neural network compensator for uncertainties of roboticsmanipulators

A neural network controller for trajectory control of robotic manipulators that is used not to internalize the inverse dynamic model of the controlled object but to compensate only the uncertainties of the robotic manipulator is presented. Its performance is compared with that of the conventional adaptive scheme. The results show the ability of the neural network controller to adapt to unstructured effects. A learning method for the neural network compensator with true teaching signals is shown. The tracking error of the robotic manipulator was greatly reduced when this controller was used     

An electrooptic intensity modulator with improved linearity

A highly linear electrooptic modulator has been designed, fabricated, and evaluated. The design of this modulator consists of only a simple modification to the directional coupler. Two-tone testing has demonstrated that, for an optical modulation depth of 30% per channel, the third-order intermodulation distortion is more than 30 dB lower than that of the conventional directional coupler or Mach-Zehnder modulators. This improvement was not observed to be accompanied by any increase in second harmonic distortion. Also included are results of two-tone computer simulations which predict the improvement in linearity of this device for a range of modulation depths.<>     

Finite element method in the solution of the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations for internal flow

Finite element solutions of the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations are presented, using a simple dissipation model. The discretization is based on the weak-Galerkin weighted residual method and equal interpolation functions for all the unknowns are permitted. The nonlinearity is iterated upon using a Newton method and at each iteration the linear algebraic system is solved by a direct solver with all unknowns fully coupled. Results are presented for two-dimensional transonic inviscid flows and two- and three-dimensional incompressible viscous flows. Convergence of the algorithm is shown to be quadratic, reaching machine accuracy in very few iterations. The inviscid results demonstrate the existence of nonunique numerical solutions to the steady Euler equations.     

Regulatorische Aspekte der dezentralen Erzeugung

Ohne Zusammenfassung Kurzfassung eines Vortrags der 41. Fachtagung der ?sterreichischen Gesellschaft für Energietechnik (OGE) im OVE, die am 5. und 6. November 2003 in Salzburg stattfindet.     

Comment on “Floating inductance simulation based on currentconveyors”

For the original article see ibid., vol. 33, p. 1748-49 (1997). This comment relates to the aforementioned Letter which presents a floating inductance simulation circuit. The proposed circuit uses four plus-type second-generation current-conveyors (CCII+), two floating resistors and one grounded capacitor. It is shown here that such a realisation is a special case of three already published circuits for floating inductance realisation     

Supporting real-time and multimedia applications on the Mercuritestbed

This paper describes the distributed system, network and software architecture, the application development environment, the performance, and the early lessons learned on the ATM LAN testbed Mercuri established at the Honeywell Technology Center, to develop distributed multimedia technologies for real-time control applications. We have developed a client-server-based software architecture on Sun Sparcstation-2s connected by a Fore Systems' ASX-100 ATM switch, with video processing handled by Parallax's X Video cards. The architecture enables network-transparent applications and provides simple primitives for multimedia capture, display, transmission, storage, and retrieval. A real-time multimedia-in-the-loop control application was developed as the vehicle for testing the capabilities and performance of the network. Our test measurements focus on the end-user-level performance metrics such as message throughput and round-trip delay as well as video-frame jitter under no-load and load conditions. Our results show that the maximum burst throughput that can be supported at the user level is 48 Mb/s using AAL 5, while round-trip delays for 4-kbyte messages are about 3 ms. Our experience reveals a number of performance bottlenecks and open issues in using commercial ATM switches for practical applications. Our conclusions are outlined