A unique method for reducing losses of bends in dielectric optical wave guide

The dielectric optical wave guide is finding growing attention at millimeter wave frequencies. However the dielectric optical waveguide radiates at bends and thus transmission loss increases. These radiations are in the outword direction of bends. This output radiation at output bends arises due to change in phase velocities of the propagating wave at the centre of the dielectric guide and the phase velocity at the outer surface of the dielectric guide. A unique methiod is suggested to avoid these radiation losses.Experimental results are also shown at microwave frequencies.     

Proportional hazards modeling of time-dependent covariates usinglinear regression: a case study [mine power cable reliability]

In the proportional hazards model, the effect of a covariate is assumed to be time-invariant. In this paper a graphical method based on a linear regression model (LRM) is used to test whether this assumption is realistic. The variation in the effect of a covariate is plotted against time. The slope of this plot indicates the nature of the influence of a covariate over time. A covariate is time-dependent if a drastic change in the slope of the plot is found and the time-point, at which this drastic change occurs provides guideline in redefining a time-dependent covariate into two or more time-independent covariates. This method is applied to failure data of cables used for supplying power to electric mine loaders. The results obtained by applying only the proportional hazards model were misleading as the graphical method based on the LRM showed that one covariate was highly time-dependent. This graphical method should be used to supplement the proportional hazards model, not as a separate method. This avoids misinterpretation of the influence of a time-dependent covariate in the proportional hazards model. The proportional hazards model should be used to identify the most important covariates, while the LRM should be used as an explanatory tool to check the consistency of the influence of the covariates. The LRM involves matrix computations which can be quite time consuming for large data-sets. Also, tests for the statistically significant effect of a covariate are not yet well established in the model     

The change of sign of E2 and M1 matrix elements,and of δ-values of166Er at high spins

Calculations of the Dynamic Deformation Model for the E2/M1 mixing ratios for ψ-band to ground-band transitions in¹⁶⁶Er have been extended to higher spins (up to I=20). Previous comparisons with the experimental values and with the IBA-1 predictions, available at present up to spins 8 only, are also included for the sake of completeness. Additional comparison with the Frankfurt Model is also given. While all three models give reasonable magnitudes of the mixing ratios, only the DDM gives the sign changes at the correct spin values. Predictions are presented for additional sign changes of the mixing ratios, as well as those of the E2 and the M1 transition moments.     

Profile design considerations for minimizing base transit time inSiGe HBT's

A unified closed form analytical model for base transit time of SiGe HBT's for uniform and exponential base dopant distributions with different Ge profiles in the base (e.g., box, trapezoidal, triangular) is reported. The model is subsequently used to study the design of Ge profile for different base doping profiles, including that of epitaxial base transistors. Consistent with the reported results, our unified model predicts that beyond a certain total Ge content, there is very little reduction in τ_b.SiGe. It is further demonstrated that the trapezoidal Ge profile with X_T~0.8W_B gives near optimal base transit time for all doping profiles considered. Our analysis shows that 1) for a given base width and intrinsic base resistance, the exponential base doping profile with Ge yields the least value of τ_{b, SiGe} and 2) for a given peak base doping concentration and the intrinsic base resistance, the uniform base doping with Ge gives minimum τ_{b, SiGe}. Also, the need for keeping the total base Ge content constant while optimizing the Ge profile in the base is emphasized by showing that a false minimum for τ_{b, SiGe} may appear if the total Ge content is not kept constant     

Breathers in ferrimagnetic systems

Breathers in discrete nonlinear ferrimagnetic spin lattices are investigated for both easy-axis and easy-plane configurations. The region in frequency space of the formation of breathers is determined and the anticontinuum limit discussed. The monochromatic and the coloured breathers are found out numerically for different parameters and different conditions of excitations.     

Working group report: Flavor physics and model building

This is the report of flavor physics and model building working group at WHEPP-9. While activites in flavor physics have been mainly focused on B-physics, those in model building have been primarily devoted to neutrino physics. We present summary of working group discussions carried out during the workshop in the above fields, and also briefly review the progress made in some projects subsequently.     

Why chaos is rarely observed in natural populations

An attempt has been made to understand why chaotic dynamics have received poor evidential support from field studies. Our study opens up the possibility that the cause of failure might not be poor quality of data, as pointed out by earlier authors, but an ecological reality. We have designed two model food chains to examine whether there is a biological basis for the crisis. This investigation is effected with the help of a new method which we introduce at an appropriate place in the text. The fact that chaos exists in a narrow range of parametric values in both the model systems suggests that the crisis indeed has a biological origin.     

A highly selective and sensitive thorium(IV) PVC membrane electrode based on a dithio-tetraaza macrocyclic compound.

A poly(vinyl chloride)-based membrane composed of dithio-tetraaza macrocyclic compound as a neutral carrier with sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) as an anion excluder and nitrobenzene (NB) as plasticizer was prepared and investigated as a Th(IV)-selective electrode. The electrode exhibits a Nernstian slope of 14.2 +/- 0.3 mV per decade over a wide concentration range (1.0 x 10(-6) to 1.0 x 10(-1) M) with a detection limit of 8.0 x 10(-7) M between pH 3.5 and 9.5. The response time of the sensor is about 10 s and it can be used over a period of 5 months without any divergence in potential. The proposed membrane sensor revealed a good selectivity for Th(IV) over a wide variety of other metal ions and proved to be a better electrode in many respects than those reported in the literature. It was successfully applied as an electrode indicator as well as in the direct determination of thorium ions in standard and real samples.     

Bounds on charged lepton mixing with exotic charged leptons

We examine the effects of mixing induced light heavy charged lepton neutral currents on the partial wave amplitude for the process l⁺l⁻ →ZZ (withl = e,μ or τ). By imposing the constraints that the amplitude should not exceed the perturbative unitarity limit at high energy (√s = Λ), we obtain bounds on light heavy charged lepton mixing parameter sin²(2θ _L ^a ) where θ _L ^a is the mixing angle of the ordinary charged lepton with its exotic partner. For Λ = 1 TeV, no bound is obtained on sin² (2θ _L ^a ) form _E < 0.69 TeV. However, sin² (2θ _L ^a ) ≤ 1.52×10⁻⁵ form _E = 5 TeV, sin² (2θ _L ^a ) ≤ 2.41 ×10⁻⁷ form _E = 10 TeV. Similarity for Λ = ∞ no bound is obtained on sin² (2θ _L ^a ) for m_E < 1.97 TeV and sin² (2θ _L ^a ) ≤ 0.15 form _E = 5 TeV and sin² (2θ _L ^a ) ≤ 3.88×10^-2 form _E = 10 TeV.