吸附式空调系统的原理及添加剂强化吸附工质性能的研究

氯化锂晶体具有很高的吸水性能，在吸附式空调制冷系统中常常被用作吸附剂。本文介绍了吸附式空调制冷系统的原理，研究了吸附剂（氯化锂）、吸附质（水汽）的性质；采用高真空吸附重量法测定氯化锂的等温吸附曲线及氯化锂吸附水汽的速率，并通过添加一种既有吸附增稠作用，又能强化氯化锂吸附性能的添加剂,改善氯化锂的等温吸附特性,降低氯化锂的再生温度。采用氯化锂混合吸附剂-水的开式旋转吸附式空调系统，具有显著的节能效果和双重杀菌功能，提供人们所喜爱的舒适空调域（室内温湿度26．7℃／50%RH），同时改善室内空气品质。     

Design and analysis of TX/RX dual microstrip antenna using FDTD at Ku-band

A TX/RX dual microstrip 8/spl times/4 array antenna for satellite communication is designed, fabricated and measured and its element characteristics are analysed using finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. TX/RX frequency ranges are 14.0-14.5 GHz, 11.7-12.75 GHz, respectively, and vertical and horizontal polarisations are used for TX and RX. This antenna uses microstrip direct feeding for RX and aperture coupled stripline feeding for TX and accommodates stacked elements for a high directivity and wide impedance bandwidth. FDTD gives more accurate results because of the consideration of finite structure and two imperfect ground planes. This element has a return loss below -8 and -14 dB over the TX and RX frequency ranges and a gain of 7.5 and 8.3 dBi at the centre frequency of TX and RX. Return loss below -10 and -14 dB and a gain of 21.4 and 20.0 dBi were achieved for the TX and RX array, respectively.     

Determining the operational limits of an anomaly-based intrusion detector

Anomaly-detection techniques have considerable promise for two difficult and critical problems in information security and intrusion detection: detecting novel attacks, and detecting masqueraders. One of the best-known anomaly detectors used in intrusion detection is stide. (Rather than STIDE or Stide or s-tide, we have chosen "stide" in keeping with the way the detector was referred to in the paper by Warrender et al., 1999.) Developed at the University of New Mexico, stide aims to detect attacks that exploit processes that run with root privileges. The original work on stide presented empirical results indicating that data sequences of length six and above were required for effective intrusion detection. This observation has given rise to the long-standing question, "why six?" accompanied by related questions regarding the conditions under which six may (not) be appropriate. This paper addresses the "why six" issue by presenting an evaluation framework for mapping out stide's effective operating space and by identifying conditions that contribute to detection capability, particularly detection blindness. A theoretical justification explains the effectiveness of sequence lengths of six and above, as well as the consequences of using other values. In addition, results of an investigation are presented, comparing stide's anomaly-detection capabilities with those of a competing detector.     

深蚀刻二元光学元件

提出一种新颖的，蚀刻位相深度超过２π的深蚀刻二元光学技术，并从理论上分析深蚀刻二元光这元件与衍射效率的关系，然后用计算机进行模拟与分析，得到深蚀刻二元光学元件特性后一些初步研究结果。     

Phenolic and Triterpenoid Glycosides from Pyrola calliantha

Pyrocallianthasides A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ), a new dimer and a new mono‐deglucosyl trimer of homoarbutin (=4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl β‐glucopyranoside), and callianthaside A ( 3 ), a new ursane‐type triterpene glycoside, together with three known phenolic glycosides and three known ursane‐type triterpenoids, were isolated from the whole plants of Pyrola calliantha. The structures of 1 – 3 were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods.     

Improvement of the kink-free operation in ridge-waveguide laser diodes due to coupling of the optical field to the metal layers outside the ridge

The kink-free output power in 980-nm emitting laser diodes can be increased by 30%-50% in ridge-waveguide devices when the thickness of the oxide is decreased such that the optical field is allowed to interact with the lossy Ti-PtAu metallization outside the ridge. This provides selective loss for the first-order lateral mode and delays the onset of the beam steering associated with kinks in the power output-current characteristic. The method is very simple and can be applied for any kind of ridge-waveguide semiconductor laser diode device.     

Virtual environments for Internet-based robots. II. Path planning

For pt.I. see ibid., p.383-8. This paper addresses the issue of path planning in a virtual environment (VE) for the control of an Internet-based robot manipulator. A hybrid method is proposed in which the dimension of the path-planning problem is reduced by separating the problem of planning the position of the gripper from that of planning the pose of the gripper. A global configuration-space technique is used for the former and a local operational-space technique is used for the latter. Particular attention is paid to fundamental issues such as mapping the graphical model into configuration space, on-line collision detection and obstacle avoidance in the VE.     

Gate oxide thickness dependence of edge charge trapping in NMOS transistors caused by charge injection under constant-current stress

This brief reports a study of charge injection-induced edge charge trapping in the gate oxide overlapping the drain extension which has an impact on the drain leakage current. The edge charge trapping is determined for the gate oxide thickness of 6.5, 3.9, and 2.0 nm by using a simple approach to analyze the change of the band-to-band tunneling current measured with a three-terminal gate-controlled-diode configuration. The edge charge trapping has a strong dependence on the gate oxide thickness, and it is different from the charge trapping in the oxide over the channel. A plausible explanation for both the oxide thickness dependence of the edge charge trapping and the difference between the edge charge trapping and the charge trapping over the channel is presented.     

A multi-objective genetic algorithm for robust flight scheduling using simulation

Traditional methods of developing flight schedules generally do not take into consideration disruptions that may arise during actual operations. Potential irregularities in airline operations such as equipment failure are not adequately considered during the planning stage of a flight schedule. As such, flight schedules cannot be met as planned and their performance is compromised, which may eventually lead to huge losses in revenue for airlines. In this paper, we seek to improve the robustness of a flight schedule by re-timing its departure times. The problem is modeled as a multi-objective optimization problem, and a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is developed to solve the problem. To evaluate flight schedules, SIMAIR 2.0, a simulation model which simulates airline operations under operational irregularities, has been employed. The simulation results indicate that we are able to develop schedules with better operation costs and on-time performance through the application of MOGA.     

混合von Mises 模型的参数估计

有限混合von Mises模型在天文学、生物学、地理和医药等许多领域都有重要的应用．可是,不论样本量有多大,此模型的似然函数都是无界的．因此,参数的最大似然估计(MLE)是不相合的．我们发现,与混合正态模型一样,上述困难可以通过引入关于分布浓度参数的一个惩罚函数或对参数空间添加适当的约束来克服．在此文中,我们从理论上证明了这两种方法是可行的,相应的参数估计是强相合的,且是渐近有效的．我们还通过计算机模拟来探讨这些新方法在有限样本情况下的统计性质,并与现有的矩估计作了比较．结果发现,惩罚极大似然估计在均方误差方面表现最佳．最后我们还分析了一组实际数据,以进一步介绍新的估计方法．