基于圆顶锥壳阵列的超宽带太阳能吸收器研究

提出了一种顶锥壳阵列超宽带全向超材料吸收器,研究了圆顶锥壳的几何参数、顶部的几何形状以及不同密排方式对宽带吸收的影响.研究了包覆金属薄膜的圆顶锥壳阵列在太阳辐射能谱区的超宽带吸收特性,结果显示在250～2 500 nm范围内的平均吸收率达到95.39％.在0°～65°的大角度入射下,对于TE和TM偏振的平均吸收率分别为92.7％和94.59％,表明所提出的结构具有偏振无关和入射角不敏感性.空气质量1.5加权平均吸收率为95.24％,证明能够有效地吸收地球上的太阳辐射.通过结合胶体球光刻技术和表面镀膜成功制备了所提出的吸收器,初步测试结果表明,其吸收性能存在提升空间.     

Investigation of conductivity in the Sr(Fe1−xTix)Oy system by iron-57 Mössbauer spectroscopy

On the basis of our previous work electrical conductivity in the Sr(Fe_1–xTi_x)O_y system (0.0x0.9,y3) has been further studied by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy. When 0.0x0.6, the concentration of Fe³⁺ (II) doublet relates to the final firing temperature and electrical conductivity of the materials is sensitive to the concentration of Fe³⁺ (II). Atx=0.25, the curve of the resistivity versus Ti contentx shows a local minimum which is observed for the first time. The results indicate that the coexistence of Fe⁴⁺ and Fe³⁺ in the same lattice leads to high conductivity; the conductivity increases when the Fe⁴ concentration approaches to that of the Fe³⁺ one. When the temperature is at 260 K and 230 K, the presence of the intermediate state showing quadrupole splitting has an effect on the conductivity of the materials.     

Antibacterial Activity of Hydroxytyrosol Acetate from Olive Leaves (Olea Europaea L.)

Vibrio spp. are pathogens of many bacterial diseases which have caused great economic losses in marine aquaculture. The strategy of alternative medical treatment that is utilised by herbalists has expanded in the past decade. The aim of our study is to discover the antibacterial molecules against Vibrio spp. Bacterial growth inhibition, membrane permeabilisation assessment and DNA interaction assays, as well as agarose gel electrophoresis, were employed to elucidate the antibacterial activity of hydroxytyrosol acetate. Results showed that hydroxytyrosol acetate had antibacterial activity against Vibrio spp. and it played the role via increasing bacterial membrane permeabilisation. The DNA interaction assay and agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that hydroxytyrosol acetate interacted with DNA. Hydroxytyrosol acetate enhanced the fluorescent intensity of DNA binding molecules and mediated supercoiled DNA relaxation. The present study provides more evidence that hydroxytyrosol acetate is a novel antibacterial candidate against Vibrio spp.     

Sensitive electrochemical sensor of tryptophan based on Ag@C core–shell nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode

We here reported a simple electrochemical method for the detection of tryptophan (Trp) based on the Ag@C modified glassy carbon (Ag@C/GC) electrode. The Ag@C core–shell structured nanoparticles were synthesized using one-pot hydrothermal method and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The electrochemical behaviors of Trp on Ag@C/GC electrode were investigated and exhibited a direct electrochemical process. The favorable electrochemical properties of Ag@C/GC electrode were attributed to the synergistic effect of the Ag core and carbon shell. The carbon shell cannot only protect Ag core but also contribute to the enhanced substrate accessibility and Trp-substrate interactions, while nano-Ag core can display good electrocatalytic activity to Trp at the same time. Under the optimum experimental conditions the oxidation peak current was linearly dependent on the Trp concentration in the range of 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ to 1.0 × 10⁻⁴ M with a detection limit of 4.0 × 10⁻⁸ M (S/N = 3). In addition, the proposed electrode was applied for the determination of Trp concentration in real samples and satisfactory results were obtained. The technique offers enhanced sensitivity and may trigger the possibilities of the Ag@C nanocomposite towards diverse applications in biosensor and electroanalysis.     

Aqueous synthesis and characterization of TGA-capped CdSe quantum dots at freezing temperature

CdSe quantum dots (QDs) have traditionally been synthesized in organic phase and then transferred to aqueous solution by functionalizing their surface with silica, polymers, short-chain thiol ligands, or phospholipid micelles. However, a drastic increase in the hydrodynamic size and biotoxicity of QDs may hinder their biomedical applications. In this paper, the TGA-capped CdSe QDs are directly synthesized in aqueous phase at freezing temperature, and they prove to possess high QY (up to 14%).     

Chiral (S)‐(+) 1‐Substituted Aryl‐4‐(1‐phenyl) Ethylformamido‐5‐amino‐1,2,3‐triazole: A New Class of Chiral Ligands for the Silver(I)‐Promoted Enantioselective Allylation of Aldehydes

Some novel chiral ligands, (S)‐(+) 1‐substituted aryl‐4‐(1‐phenyl) ethylformamido‐5‐amino‐1,2,3‐triazoles, were prepared starting from 1‐substituted aryl‐4‐ethoxycarbonyl‐5‐amino‐1,2,3‐triazoles and other reagents. They were used as catalytic chiral ligands in the silver (I)‐promoted enantioselective allylation reaction of aldehydes with allyltributyltin.     

Addition polymerization of norbornene using bis(β‐ketoamino)nickel(II)/tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane catalytic systems

Norbornene polymerizations proceeded in toluene with bis(β‐ketoamino)nickel(II) {Ni[CH₃C(O)CHC(NR)CH₃]₂ [R = phenyl ( 1 ) or naphthyl ( 2 )]} complexes as the catalyst precursors and the organo‐Lewis compound tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane [B(C₆F₅)₃] as a unique cocatalyst. The polymerization conditions, such as the cocatalyst/catalyst ratio (B/Ni), catalyst concentration, monomer/catalyst ratio (norbornene/Ni), polymerization temperature, and polymerization time, were studied in detail. Both bis(β‐ketoamino)nickel(II)/B(C₆F₅)₃ catalytic systems showed noticeably high conversions and activities. The polymerization activities were up to 3.64 × 10⁷ g of polymer/mol of Ni h for complex 1 /(B(C₆F₅)₃ and 3.80 × 10⁷ g of polymer/mol of Ni h for complex 2 /B(C₆F₅)₃, and very high conversions of 90–95% were maintained; both polymerizations provided high‐molecular‐weight polynorbornenes with molecular weight distributions (weight‐average molecular weight/number‐average molecular weight) of 2.5–3.0. The achieved polynorbornenes were confirmed to be vinyl‐addition and atactic polymers through the analysis of Fourier transform infrared, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectra, and the thermogravimetric analysis results showed that the polynorbornenes exhibited good thermal stability (decomposition temperature > 410 °C). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4733–4743, 2007     

锆对低温液相合成甲醇Cu-Cr催化剂性能的影响

用络合共沉淀法制备了Cu Cr和Cu Cr Zr低温液相合成甲醇催化剂,其比表面积分别达到了77. 9和113. 2m2 /g.在5. 5MPa、383和423K的条件下,用间歇式反应釜考察了催化剂的活性和选择性,并用化学分析的方法测定了反应后溶液中钠化合物含量的变化.结果表明, Cu Cr Zr的活性明显高于Cu Cr,其甲醇的选择性则略有下降;同时,由反应后的钠化合物分析发现, Cu Cr Zr催化体系在423K反应后,溶液中甲酸钠的浓度降低,导致催化体系失活的甲醇钠转化为甲酸钠的反应被彻底抑制.     

非定域干涉和等倾干涉的实验比较

本文对迈克尔逊于涉实验中的非定战于涉和等倾于涉进行了实验比较，观察它们的异同点，使学生了解其各自的特点。     

Determination of bisphenol A and naphthols in river water samples by capillary zone electrophoresis after cloud point extraction

As a first attempt, cloud point extraction (CPE) was developed to preconcentrate bisphenol A (BPA), α-naphthol and β-naphthol prior to performing capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) analysis. The parameters influencing the CPE efficiency, such as Triton X-114 concentrations, pH value, extraction time and temperature were systematically evaluated.After diluting with acetonitrile, the surfactant-rich phase of CPE can be injected directly into the CE instrument. The CZE baseline separation was achieved with running buffer (pH 9.5) composed of 50 mM sodium tetraborate in 30% (v/v) methanol, and an applied voltage of 25 kV. Under the optimized CPE and CZE conditions, an preconcentration factor of 50 times could be obtained and the limit of quantification for the three analytes were found to be 1.67 μg L⁻¹, 0.80 μg L⁻¹ and 0.67 μg L⁻¹ for BPA, α-naphthol and β-naphthol, respectively. The proposed methods have shown to be a green, rapid and effective approach for determination of three analytes present in river water samples.