Synthesis of dinitrophenyl-l-Pro-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester and four new variants of Sanger's reagent having chiral amines and their application for enantioresolution of mexiletine using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Four chiral derivatizing reagents (CDRs) having enantiomerically pure amines and two CDRs namely, [N-succinimidyl-(S)-2-(6-methoxynaphth-2-yl)propionate], and [dinitrophenyl-l-Pro-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, DNP-l-Pro-SU] were synthesized and were used to prepare diastereomers of (R,S)-mexiletine (MEX); these were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ).     

Fabrication,characterization,numerical simulation and compact modeling of P3HT based organic thin film transistors

This paper presents the fabrication,characterization and numerical simulation of poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT)-based bottom-gate bottom-contact (BGBC) organic thin film transistors (OTFTs).The simulation is based on a drift diffusion charge transport model and density of defect states (DOS) for the traps in the band gap of the P3HT based channel.It com-bines two mobility models,a hopping mobility model and the Poole-Frenkel mobility model.It also describes the defect dens-ity of states (DOS) for both tail and deep states.The model takes into account all the operating regions of the OTFT and in-cludes sub-threshold and above threshold characteristics of OTFTs.The model has been verified by comparing the numerically simulated results with the experimental results.This model is also used to simulate different structure in four configurations of OTFT e.g.bottom-gate bottom-contact (BGBC),bottom-gate top-contact (BGTC),top-gate bottom-contact (TGBC) and top-gate top-contact (TGTC) configurations of the OTFTs.We also present the compact modeling and model parameter extraction of the P3HT-based OTFTs.The extracted compact model has been further applied in a p-channel OTFT-based inverter and three stage ring oscillator circuit simulation.     

Investigation of liquid–solids fluidized bed of different particle size through radioactive particle tracking techniques

Radioactive particle tracking technique (RPT) has proven to be a powerful and versatile technique both in terms of the richness of information it provides as well as the variety of multiphase flow situations it has been successfully employed. This work reports the execution of RPT technique for investigation of liquid–solids fluidized bed of different particle sizes (1.2 and 0.6 mm). Experiments are performed in a 10 cm ID cylindrical column for different liquid velocities. Further, RPT experiments are performed for both the solids and effect of liquid velocity and particle size on flow behaviour of liquid–solid fluidized bed is quantified.     

Nickel Nanoparticle-Filled High-Performance Polymeric Nanocomposites for EMI Shielding Applications

Journal of Electronic Materials - In this paper, the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI-SE) of nickel (Ni) nanoparticle-filled high-performance polyetherketone (PEK)...     

SEAI: Secrecy and Efficiency Aware Inter-gNB Handover Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol in 5G Communication Network

Recently, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has initiated the research in the Fifth Generation (5G) network to fulfill the security characteristics of IoT-based services. 3GPP has proposed the 5G handover key structure and framework in a recently published technical report. In this paper, we evaluate the handover authentication mechanisms reported in the literature and identify the security vulnerabilities such as violation of global base-station attack, failure of key forward/backward secrecy, de-synchronization attack, and huge network congestion. Also, these protocols suffer from high bandwidth consumption that doesn’t suitable for energy-efficient mobile devices in the 5G communication network. To overcome these issues, we introduce Secrecy and Efficiency Aware Inter-gNB (SEAI) handover Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) protocol. The formal security proof of the protocol is carried out by Random Oracle Model (ROM) to achieve the session key secrecy, confidentiality, and integrity. For the protocol correctness and achieve the mutual authentication, simulation is performed using the AVISPA tool. Also, the informal security evaluation represents that the protocol defeats all the possible attacks and achieves the necessary security properties.Moreover, the performance evaluation of the earlier 5G handover schemes and proposed SEAI handover AKA protocol is carried out in terms of communication, transmission, computation overhead, handover delay, and energy consumption. From the evaluations, it is observed that the SEAI handover AKA protocol obtains significant results and strengthens the security of the 5G network during handover scenarios.

     

Fractional-Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm for the Sensor Activation Control in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Personal Communications - The progression in wireless sensor network (WSN) has been increased and gained immense attention in computer vision. In WSN, a large number of sensors are...     

Enhancing Sensitivity of Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Temperature Sensors through Teflon Coating

Wireless Personal Communications - As global warming and climate change persistently threaten our planet, especially in developing countries, environmental monitoring becomes more and more...     

Excellent boron emitter passivation for high‐efficiency Si wafer solar cells using AlOx/SiNx dielectric stacks deposited in an industrial inline plasma reactor

Excellent passivation of boron emitters is realised using AlO_x/SiN_x dielectric stacks deposited in an industrial inline plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition reactor. Very low emitter saturation current density (J_0e) values of 10 and 45 fA/cm² are obtained for 180 and 30 Ω/sq planar p⁺ emitters, respectively. For textured p⁺ emitters, the J_0e was found to be 1.5–2 times higher compared with planar emitters. The required thermal activation of the AlO_x films is performed in a standard industrial fast‐firing furnace, making the developed passivation stack industrially viable. We also show that an AlO_x thickness of 5 nm in the AlO_x/SiN_x stack is sufficient for obtaining a J_0e of 18 fA/cm² for planar 80 Ω/sq p⁺ emitters, which corresponds to a 1‐sun open‐circuit voltage limit of the solar cell of 736 mV at 25 °C. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

3,5-Difluorobenzonitrile: ab initio calculations,FTIR and Raman spectra

Geometry, vibrational wavenumbers and several thermodynamic parameters were calculated using ab initio quantum chemical methods for the 3,5-difluorobenzonitrile molecule. The results were compared with the experimental values. With the help of three specific scaling procedures, the observed vibrational wavenumbers in FTIR and Raman spectra were analysed and assigned to different normal modes of the molecule. Most of the modes have wavenumbers in the expected range and the error obtained was in general very low. Using PEDs the contributions were determined for the different modes to each wavenumber. From the PED, it is apparent that the frequency corresponding to C[triple bond]N stretching contains 87% contribution from the C[triple bond]N stretching force constant and it mixes with the C-CN stretching mode 13 to the extent of 12%. Other general conclusions were also deduced.