全文获取类型
收费全文 | 19615篇 |
免费 | 2976篇 |
国内免费 | 2541篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 11157篇 |
晶体学 | 177篇 |
力学 | 875篇 |
综合类 | 143篇 |
数学 | 1973篇 |
物理学 | 5308篇 |
无线电 | 5499篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 83篇 |
2023年 | 513篇 |
2022年 | 626篇 |
2021年 | 736篇 |
2020年 | 761篇 |
2019年 | 732篇 |
2018年 | 598篇 |
2017年 | 547篇 |
2016年 | 858篇 |
2015年 | 858篇 |
2014年 | 1112篇 |
2013年 | 1424篇 |
2012年 | 1594篇 |
2011年 | 1619篇 |
2010年 | 1170篇 |
2009年 | 1083篇 |
2008年 | 1234篇 |
2007年 | 1117篇 |
2006年 | 1067篇 |
2005年 | 941篇 |
2004年 | 713篇 |
2003年 | 683篇 |
2002年 | 715篇 |
2001年 | 620篇 |
2000年 | 462篇 |
1999年 | 460篇 |
1998年 | 395篇 |
1997年 | 333篇 |
1996年 | 357篇 |
1995年 | 288篇 |
1994年 | 261篇 |
1993年 | 228篇 |
1992年 | 189篇 |
1991年 | 161篇 |
1990年 | 116篇 |
1989年 | 110篇 |
1988年 | 75篇 |
1987年 | 54篇 |
1986年 | 42篇 |
1985年 | 52篇 |
1984年 | 49篇 |
1983年 | 26篇 |
1982年 | 23篇 |
1981年 | 14篇 |
1980年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1957年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
152.
In the analysis of gene expression profiles, the number of tissue samples with genes expression levels available is usually small compared with the number of genes. This can lead either to possible overfitting or even to a complete failure in analysis of microarray data. The selection of genes that are really indicative of the tissue classification concerned is becoming one of the key steps in microarray studies. In the present paper, we have combined the modified discrete particle swarm optimization (PSO) and support vector machines (SVM) for tumor classification. The modified discrete PSO is applied to select genes, while SVM is used as the classifier or the evaluator. The proposed approach is used to the microarray data of 22 normal and 40 colon tumor tissues and showed good prediction performance. It has been demonstrated that the modified PSO is a useful tool for gene selection and mining high dimension data. 相似文献
153.
Two new alkaloids, i.e., (2,3‐dihydro‐1‐oxo‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrrol‐7‐yl)methyl (2S*,3S*)‐3‐[(β‐D ‐glucopyranosyl)oxy]‐2‐hydroxy‐2‐(1‐methylethyl)butanoate ( 1 ) and 1,2‐dihydro‐8‐methoxy‐2‐oxoquinoline‐4‐carboxylic acid ( 2 ), were isolated from the alcoholic extract of the whole plant of Cynoglossum gansuense, together with twelve known compounds Their structures were characterized by means of spectroscopic methods, especially by 1H‐, 13C‐, and 2D‐NMR, as well as by HR‐MS experiments and comparison with literature data. 相似文献
154.
The title compounds 6a—6f were prepared with high yield via intramolecular Wittig reaction of methyl 3-perfluoroalkyl-6-peifluoroacyl-2-triphenylphosphoranylidenchex-3,5-dienoates (5a—5i) which were obtained from the reaction of 3-perfluoroacylprop-2-enylidenetriphenylphosphoranes (3a—3c) with methyl perfluoroalkynoates (4a—4c). 相似文献
155.
156.
157.
Study on the Phase Diagram of CsCl-CeCl3-HCl(11%)-H2O System and the Properties of the Compounds 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The equilibrium solubility of CsCl-CeCl3-HCl(11%)-H2O qua-ternary system at 25℃ has been determined by the physicchemical analysis method ,and the phase diagram was plotted, Two new double salts 3CsCl.CeCl3.3H2O and CsCl.CeCl3.4H2O obtained from the complicated system were identified and characterized by XRD,TG-DTA ,DSC,UV and fluorescence spectroscopy, Studies on the fluorescence excitation and emission show that 3CsCl.CeCl3.3H2O and CsCl.CeCl3.4H2O have upconversion luminescence of infrared-visible range,and the upconversion emission intensity increases with the increase of ratio of CeCl3 in CsCl. 相似文献
158.
A novel hyperbranched polyester acrylate (HPEA) was synthesized based upon ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid as a “core” molecule, 5‐hydroxyisophthalic acid as an AB2 monomer, and 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate as an endcapping reagent. The obtained oligomer has an unsaturation concentration of 4.10 mmolC?C g?1 measured by nuclear magnetic resonance and a wide molecular weight distribution of 1.64 measured by gel permeation chromatography. The two‐photon absorption (TPA) photopolymerization of HPEA under the exposure of a Ti : sapphire femtosecond laser with a wavelength of 800 nm was investigated through laser exposure dose‐dependant spatial resolutions of its resins. The TPA photopolymerization thresholds at the range 1.6–4.3 × 107 mJ cm?2, and exposure dose windows at the range 3.4–4.3 for three formulations were determined. A spatial resolution of 0.85 μm was obtained through the TPA photopolymerization of the formulation containing 1 wt% photoinitiator and 0.3 wt% photoinhibitor. A diffraction grating and real three‐dimensional coupled gear wheel created by TPA photopolymerization were described to demonstrate the unique capability of HPEA in microfabrications. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
159.
A high-quality polyene can be obtained by exensive dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) in aliquid/solid two-phase system. The liquid phase is a tetrahydrofuran solution of PVC containing a small amount ofpoly(ethylene glycol) with molar mass of 400 g as a phase transfer catalys. The solid phase is potassium hydroxide particles.The structure of the polyene is polyacetylene-like and has a long conjugated C=C sequence and a narrow dispersity ofpolyene sequences according to its FT-infrared and Raman spectra. The environmental stability of the polyene was alsostudied by IR, Raman spectra and elemental analysis. Experimental results demonstrated that the polyene was susceptible toair and could be changed into a material containing high concentrations of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. The polyenesequences were shortened and its dispersity became broader due to the effect of dioxygen. 相似文献
160.
钾镁氯化物(硫酸盐)与脲、水体系的溶度研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
报导了KCl-MgCl2-CO(NH2)2-H2O和K2SO4-MgSO4-CO(NH2)2-H2O两个四元体系在25℃时的溶度及其饱和溶液的折光率、密度,相应的溶度图和组成-折光率、组成-密度图.前一体系中形成3个三元化合物:MgCl2·4CO(NH2)2·2H2O、MgCl2·CO(NH2)2·4H2O和KCl·MgCl2·6H2O溶度盐份图由9支共饱线、4个四元无变点组成.四元体系的水量图、性质-组成图有类似的变化.后一体系中有2个异成份溶解化合物MgSO4·CO(NH2)2·2H2O和K2SO4·MgSO4·6H2O形成,溶度等温图由7支双饱溶度线、3个四元无变点组成.对两个体系相图的相似性和差异点进行了讨论. 相似文献