氨基功能化短孔道有序介孔材料H_2N-Zr-Ce-SBA-15的合成及吸附性能

以pluronic(P123)为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,氯化氧锆和硝酸亚铈为无机前驱盐,N-(2-氨乙基)-3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(AAPTS)为硅烷化试剂,采用后接枝法合成了氨基功能化六方板状短孔道有序介孔材料H2N-Zr-Ce-SBA-15(H2N-ZCS).采用小角X射线衍射(LXRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析、N2吸附/脱附等手段对H2N-ZCS进行了表征.结果表明AAPTS成功地嫁接到有序介孔材料上,H2N-ZCS仍保持了类似于传统SBA-15高度有序的二维六方相介孔结构,且孔道方向垂直于该六方板面.对阴离子染料酸性品红吸附实验表明,H2N-ZCS比H2N-SBA-15具有较强的吸附能力.这种功能化短孔道、大径轴比的六方板状介孔材料在吸附、分离及催化等领域中能更有效地促进分子的扩散传递.     

固相萃取气相色谱-质谱法测定蔬菜中含氮杂环农药残留

建立了固相萃取（SPE）气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）同时测定蔬菜中敌菌灵、噻菌灵、氟虫腈和噻嗪酮4种含氮杂环农药残留量的分析方法.蔬菜样品用乙腈匀浆提取后经弗罗里硅（Florisil）固相萃取柱净化.采用GC-MS检测,在选择离子检测（SIM）模式下以特征离子定量,用全扫描（SCAN）方法确证.方法具有良好的线性关系（R≥0.9953）和重现性（峰面积RSD≤9.1%）,最低检出限（S/N=3）在3.6~1.8×10-4μg/mL之间,4种农药添加回收率在76.1%~116.4%之间,RSD≤9.8%,用于实际样品菜心的检测,结果满意.方法操作简单,灵敏度高,可作为测定各种蔬菜基质中含氮杂环农药残留量的确证方法.     

禽蛋中头孢噻肟残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)测定禽蛋中头孢噻肟药物残留的方法。禽蛋样品中的头孢噻肟用纯水提取,乙腈沉淀蛋白,Oasis HLB(500 mg,6 mL)固相萃取柱净化,8 mL甲醇洗脱。采用Zorbax XDB-C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,3.5μm)色谱柱,以0.2%甲酸水-乙腈为流动相,0.3 mL/min梯度洗脱,经高效液相色谱分离后,采用电喷雾质谱正离子模式电离,多反应选择离子检测(MRM)模式测定。检测离子对为m/z456.1/396.1、m/z456.1/324.1,其中m/z456.1/396.1为定量离子对。在1.35~135μg/L范围内标准曲线的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 3;在1.0、50.0、100μg/kg3个添加水平的平均加标回收率为87%~99%,相对标准偏差为1.9%~3.9%;方法检出限为0.3μg/kg,定量下限为1.0μg/kg。该方法简便、灵敏、准确、可靠,适用于禽蛋中头孢噻肟药物残留的分析。     

液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光联用同时测定洛克沙胂及其代谢物

利用液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光联用技术同时检测5种砷形态化合物(亚砷酸、砷酸、一甲基胂酸、二甲基胂酸和洛克沙胂).结果表明,在梯度洗脱条件下,以C18反相柱作分离柱,含0.5 mmol/L四丁基溴化铵的NaH2PO4-CH3OH溶液为流动相,5种砷化合物得以完全分离;以20 g/L K2S2O8为氧化剂进行紫外消解,7% HCl为载流,20 g/L KBH4为还原剂,砷化合物形成最佳的原子荧光信号.5种砷化合物在一定的浓度范围内与荧光峰面积呈良好的线性关系; 检出限＜10 μg/L; 加标回收率为81.4%～105.6%; 相对标准偏差RSD<4.0%.本方法适用于饲料、鸡粪、土壤和植物样品中洛克沙胂及其代谢物(亚砷酸、砷酸、一甲基胂酸和二甲基胂酸)的含量分析.     

偶氮胂Ⅲ—Ba(Ⅱ)共振散射光谱法测定人血清蛋白

在pH 3.0~3.8的BR缓冲溶液中,偶氮胂Ⅲ-Ba(Ⅱ)与蛋白质结合形成复合物,导致体系的共振散射信号增强,据此建立了蛋白质测定的共振散射光谱法。结果表明,在优化的实验条件下,牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的线性范围为0~1.0 mg/L,检出限为21.4μg/L;将该法用于人血清中蛋白质的测定,与医院测定结果基本一致;方法的批内精密度为2.8%(n=6),批间精密度为3.5%(n=6),回收率为96.0%~100.0%。     

The application of digital image recognition to the analysis of two-dimensional fingerprints

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint has been commonly used in the quality control and assessment of herbal medicines, and two-dimensional (2D) fingerprint obtained by means of HPLC-diode array detector (HPLC/DAD) can provide higher reliability. In this paper, an approach to the analysis of the 2D HPLC/DAD fingerprints, which was based on digital image recognition techniques, was developed for the first time. First, wavelet transform was employed to eliminate noise signal in the 2D fingerprint, and then the 2D fingerprint was converted into grayscale image. Second, several features of the image were calculated, and hierarchical clustering. This approach was applied to the qualitative analysis of the different samples of coptis chinensis, and the clustering result of samples was all highly consistent with the real situation. Based on the densities in grayscale image, three components in standard samples were quantitative analyzed, and the obtained correlation coefficients between concentration and grayscale density were more than 0.999. Our study indicated that the analysis of the 2D HPLC/DAD fingerprint was successful based on the idea and techniques of digital image recognition techniques, and this proposed approach provided a new pathway for the analysis of two-dimensional spectrums.     

快速高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水产品中5类33种药物残留

建立了快速高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(RRLC-MS/MS)同时测定水产品中四环素类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、磺胺增效剂和三苯甲烷类共5大类33种药物残留的方法。样品用Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液及乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂后,用RRLC进行分离。在电喷雾正离子模式下,以动态多反应监测(Dynamic MRM)方式采集数据进行定性与定量分析。33种药物在相应的浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.99;在3个不同浓度添加水平下,平均回收率为63.6%～115.2%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.6%～14.6%;检出限(LOD,S/N=3)和定量限(LOQ,S/N=10)分别为0.1～2.0μg/kg和0.5～5.0μg/kg。本方法简便快速、灵敏可靠,适用于水产品中药物多残留的同时快速定性与定量测定。     

一步水热合成铜纳米颗粒负载二氧化钛复合纳米管及其可见光催化活性

采用一步水热法合成了Cu纳米粒子负载二氧化钛纳米管材料. 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能谱仪(EDS)等对材料的相组成、形貌以及形成过程进行了研究. 制得的Cu-TiO₂复合纳米材料长度约为100 nm, 直径10-15 nm, 其上负载的Cu纳米粒子尺寸约为5 nm. BET比表面积测试表明实验制备的Cu-TiO₂复合纳米管的比表面积为154.67 m²·g^-1. 通过调节水热反应时间和钛前驱体种类, 研究了该复合纳米管材料的形成机制. 结果表明: 非晶态的钛源对于成功一步合成Cu-TiO₂复合纳米管至关重要. 同时, 实验中观察到铜纳米粒子的尺寸随水热反应时间延长而减小(反奥氏陈化过程), 这一现象有助于纳米粒子的可控合成.紫外-可见吸收光谱表明该复合纳米管在350-800 nm范围内有较强的吸收, 并在550-600 nm范围观察到Cu的表面等离子激元吸收带. Cu-TiO₂界面处形成的肖特基势垒有助于加快光生载流子的输运, 提高光生电子-空穴对的分离效率. 光催化实验表明Cu-TiO₂复合纳米管在可见光下具有较高的催化活性.     

Accelerated Simulation Study of Space Charge Effects in Quadrupole Ion Traps Using GPU Techniques

Space charge effects play important roles in the performance of various types of mass analyzers. Simulation of space charge effects is often limited by the computation capability. In this study, we evaluate the method of using graphics processing unit (GPU) to accelerate ion trajectory simulation. Simulation using GPU has been compared with multi-core central processing unit (CPU), and an acceleration of about 390 times have been obtained using a single computer for simulation of up to 10⁵ ions in quadrupole ion traps. Characteristics of trapped ions can be investigated at detailed levels within a reasonable simulation time. Space charge effects on the trapping capacities of linear and 3D ion traps, ion cloud shapes, ion motion frequency shift, mass spectrum peak coalescence effects between two ion clouds of close m/z are studied with the ion trajectory simulation using GPU.     

聚邻苯二胺/铂复合电极的制备及其电催化研究

利用原位聚合原位还原复合法制备了聚邻苯二胺(PoPD)/铂(Pt)复合电极。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、x射线能谱(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、和交流阻抗(EIS)对其形貌、组成元素和结构等进行了表征。研究了Poly(O-Phenylenediamine)/Platinum电极对甲醇的电催化行为,发现该复合电极对甲醇有良好的电催化性能。与裸铂电极相比,氧化电流高出约4.5倍。通过循环伏安法和计时电量法测定了修饰电极在甲醇溶液中的动力学参数,测得电子转移数为1,扩散系数为8.5687×10-7㎝2/s。