Development nano-Moiré method with high-resolution microscopy at FML

Some novel nano-Moiré methods have been developed at failure mechanics lab in the Tsinghua University, recently. This paper offers an introduction of these new methods, which can be realized under the atomic force microscope, scanning tunneling microscope, as well as the transmission electron microscope. These nano-Moiré methods are able to offer quantitative analysis to nano-deformation of object. The measurement principles and experimental techniques of these methods are described in detail. A new digital nano-Moiré technique is proposed. Some typical applications to these methods are discussed. The successful experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of these methods and also verify that the methods can offer a high sensitivity for displacement measurement with nano-meter spatial resolution.     

A resonance light-scattering (RLS) serving for various quantitative events since 1995: A comment proposed towards how to apprehend well the meaning of RLS and its corresponding guiding role

A resonance light-scattering (RLS), which was creatively suggested for the first time by Pasternack et al. in 1993 [R.F. Pasternack, C. Bustamante, P.J. Collings, A. Giannetto, E.J. Gibbs, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115 (1993) 5393], have been enjoyably practiced by numerous investigators for various quantitative events since 1995, and hitherto many research papers and some review papers have got published on lots of international journals specialized in or related to analytical and/or bioanalytical sciences. As revealed from these published papers of interests, however, it is a pity that the meaning of RLS is often apprehended unsatisfactorily both in theory and in practice. In this comment, as a result, I would like to do my best to propose an apprehension of the meaning of RLS as full and exact as possible and simultaneously I would like to deliver the important guiding role of this proposed apprehension in the course of the applications of RLS for various quantitative purposes.     

Effects of nitrogen doping on optical properties of TiO2 thin films

The potential for extending the optical absorption range of TiO₂ by doping with nonmetallic elements was examined in nitrogen-containing TiO₂ thin films. Thin films of TiO_2-xN_x were synthesized on glass and silicon substrates by ion-beam-assisted deposition to obtain a wide range of nitrogen concentrations. The compositions of the films were determined by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The structures of the films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The optical properties of the films were measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy and ellipsometry. A characteristic decreasing trend in band-gap values of the films was observed within a certain range of increasing dopant concentrations. As the nitrogen concentration increased, the structure of the films evolved from a well-defined anatase to deformed anatase. The reduced band gaps are associated with the N 2p orbital in the TiO_2-xN_x films. PACS 78.66.-w; 78.20.Ci     

Highly active and stable immobilized aluminium chloride catalyst for alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene

Summary An AlCl₃ catalyst immobilized on<span lang=EN-US style='font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>g-Al₂O₃with meso- and macro-pore bimodal structure was prepared and studied in the alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene in a suspension bed reactor. The catalyst exhibited high activity, selectivity and stability during 1000 h running, with a 1-dodecene conversion of more than 95%, monoalkylbenzene selectivity of 92%, and 2-phenyldodecane (2-Ph) selectivity of nearly 42%.</o:p>     

基于平均寿命为模糊数的模糊可靠性计算

定义产品平均寿命为一个模糊数表示，用模糊数估计系统可靠度、系统寿命、系统失效率。给出了单个部件、串联系统和并联系统的一些结果。对于比较难用解析法解决的问题，借助于计算机采用区间法可容易解决，并给出了应用实例。     

β淀粉样蛋白1-40和1-42的聚集性质比较

β淀粉样蛋白 (Aβ)是阿尔茨海默症 (AD)患者脑中斑块的核心蛋白 ,它由多种衍生自淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)的不同长度的肽组成 ,其中Aβ40和Aβ42是主要的组分。我们通过电镜研究了这两种蛋白的纤维形成过程。在溶液中Aβ42倾向于形成斑块状沉积 ,而Aβ40则更易于形成典型的纤维。这种不同可能由Aβ42的相对更为紧密的二级构象所致。根据这些数据 ,我们推测静电作用对于早期Aβ42聚集是非常重要的 ,这可能为理解Aβ40和Aβ42在病理中的不同作用给出一些提示     

InAIAs／InGaAs／IIAlAs量子阱高迁移率二维电子气系统中的反弱局域效应研究

研究了si重δ掺杂In0．52Al0.48/In0.53Ga0.47As／In0.52Al0.48As单量子阱内高迁移率二维电子气系统中的反弱局域效应．研究表明，强的Rashba自旋轨道相互作用来源于量子阱高的结构反演不对称．高迁移率系统中，粒子的运动基于弹道输运而非扩散输运．因此，旧的理论模型不能用于拟合实验结果．由于最新的模型在实际拟合中过于复杂，一种简单可行的近似用于处理实验结果，并获得了自旋分裂能△。和自旋轨道耦合常数a两个重要的物理参数．该结果与对纵向电阻的Shubnikov-de Haas--SdH振荡分析获得的结果一致．高迁移率系统中的反弱局域效应研究表明，发展有效的反弱局域理论模型，对于利用Rashba自旋轨道相互作用来设计自旋器件尤为重要.     

不同量子阱宽度的InP基In0.53GaAs/In0.52AlAs高电子迁移率晶体管材料二维电子气的性能研究

用Shubnikov-de Haas(SdH)振荡效应，研究了在1.4 K下不同量子阱宽度(10—35 nm)的InP基高电子迁移率晶体管材料的二维电子气特性.通过对纵向电阻SdH振荡的快速傅里叶变换分析，得到不同阱宽时量子阱中二维电子气各子带电子浓度和量子迁移率.研究发现，在Si掺杂浓度一定时，阱宽的改变对于量子阱中总的载流子浓度改变不大，但是随着阱宽的增加，阱中的电子从占据一个子带到占据两个子带，且第二子带上的载流子迁移率远大于第一子带迁移率.当量子阱宽度为20 nm时，处在第二子能级上的电子数与处在 关键词： 量子阱宽 二维电子气 Shubnikov-de Haas振荡 高电子迁移率晶体管     

Research on the processing experiments of laser metal deposition shaping

Laser additive direct deposition of metals is a new rapid manufacturing technology, which combines with computer-aided design (CAD), laser cladding and rapid prototyping. The advanced technology can build fully dense metal components directly from CAD files with neither mould nor tool. Based on the theory of this technology, a promising rapid manufacturing system called “Laser Metal Deposition Shaping (LMDS)” has been constructed and developed successfully by Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang Institute of Automation. Through the LMDS system, comprehensive experiments are carried out with nickel-based superalloy to systematically investigate the influences of the processing parameters on forming characteristics. By adjusting to the optimal processing parameters, fully dense and near-net-shaped metallic parts can be directly obtained through melting coaxially fed powder with a laser. Moreover, the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-formed samples are tested and analyzed synthetically. As a result, significant processing flexibility with the LMDS system over conventional processing capabilities is recognized, with potentially lower production cost, higher quality components, and shorter lead-time.     

Study of an organic nonlinear optical material for nanoscale data storage by scanning tunneling microscope

In this paper, organic thin films of a nonlinear optical (NLO) material ((E)-1-ferrocenyl-2-(l-methyl-4-pyridiniumyl) ethylene iodide) were prepared by a vacuum deposition method. The typical I–V curve of the film exhibits a favorable room-temperature bistability. Further recording experiments have been performed with a scanning tunneling microscope, which confirmed that the thin film of the donor–π–acceptor NLO material could certainly be applied for nanoscale data storage. The average size of the recorded marks is about 1.5 nm. Mechanism analyses suggest that the formation of the recording dots is due to the local change of electrical property of the thin film, and the intermolecular charge transfer induced by an electric field is proposed as the reason for the change. PACS 68.37.-d; 73.61.-r; 81.16.Rf; 68.37.Ef; 73.61.Ph