Efficient deep-blue emitters based on triphenylamine-linked benzimidazole derivatives for nondoped fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes

Two triphenylamine-substituted benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized for use as efficient deep-blue emitters in nondoped fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (FLOLEDs). The molecular design of 4′,4′′-(1H-benzo[d]imidazole-1,2-diyl)bis(N,N-diphenylbiphenyl-4-amine) (T2B) to limit the molecular packing density enabled T2B-based devices to suppress the exciton quenching by a bulky three-dimensional structure. Nondoped FLOLEDs fabricated using T2B as a blue emitter exhibited an external quantum efficiency of 4.67% with color coordinates of (0.15, 0.08).     

Enhanced reactivity and enantioselectivity in catalytic glyoxylate-ene reactions using chiral bis(oxazoline)–copper complex in an ionic liquid

An optimal hydrophobic ionic liquid was discovered as a solvent for highly enantioselective glyoxylate-ene reactions catalyzed by a chiral bis(oxazoline)–copper complex. The reactivity and stereoselectivity were highly dependent upon the property of the ionic liquids; reactions between olefins and ethyl glyoxylate in [Bmim]SbF₆ at ambient temperature provided remarkably enhanced reactivity and stereoselectivity, which greatly exceed those of the corresponding reactions in dichloromethane. Furthermore, the metal–ligand complex was readily recycled up to eight times while exhibiting no significant decrease in reaction efficiency.     

Investigation on the stress behavior of cellulose acetate and the development of highly moisture‐resistant optical films for display devices

An optical film with high optical anisotropy was prepared by the stretching of a cellulose acetate film and the consequential orienting of a retardation‐enhancing additive. The change in retardation in response to moisture absorption was explored and it was found that the degree of the retardation variation is strongly related to the stretching temperature. Stress generated by the stretching and its relaxation was systematically investigated to elucidate the effect of stretching temperature on the irreversible change in retardation upon moisture absorption. The results show that the magnitude of releasable stress plays an important role in controlling changes in optical properties. In addition, the difference in the deformation behavior between glassy and rubbery states should be taken into account in the development of a moisture‐resistant optical film. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017 , 55, 1470–1478     

Energetic distribution of interface states extracted from photo-conductance of organic thin film transistors

In this paper, a new method is introduced to obtain the energetic distribution of the interface states (density of states; DOS) extracted from the photo-conductance of organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) which exhibit varied transfer characteristics under illumination with different photon energies. The method was applied to pentacene OTFTs, and the results were compared with existing data. The major findings were not only the existence of the well-known peaks of DOS at 1.82 eV (free exciton of pentacene), and at 1.49 eV (extrinsic exciton due to dihydropentacene) but also new peaks were found at 1.25 eV, 1.29 eV, 1.31 eV, and 1.35 eV in the mid-gap. The new peaks were strongly enhanced under exposure to oxygen, and thus seem to be related to the defects associated with the presence of oxygen.     

Homogeneous liquid crystal alignment on poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) films subjected to ion-beam irradiation

We demonstrate homogeneous and uniform liquid crystal (LC) alignment on poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [PVDF-TrFE] films using ion-beam (IB) irradiation and a performance improvement of twisted nematic (TN) cells using IB-irradiated PVDF-TrFE films. Spontaneous ferroelectricity of the PVDF-TrFE films was modified by IB irradiation, which affected the LC alignment properties. The variation in the pre-tilt angles of the LC molecules on the IB-irradiated PVDF films is attributed to surface reformation, including defluorination and oxidation because the pre-tilt angles of LC molecules can be controlled by adjusting the fluorine content. The results of contact angle measurements supported this phenomenon. A 58% reduction in the switching voltage was observed for TN cells, indicating that the IB-irradiated PVDF-TrFE films are a promising candidate for use as an alignment layer.     

Applicability of in situ detectors for radiological assessment of strontium-90 in rivers and lakes

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - An in situ detector for radiological assessments of strontium-90 (90Sr) in river and lake water is developed, based on a CaF2(Eu) scintillator,...     

Sulfinate Esters from Methoxymethyl Sulfides

Several benzene (or phenylmethane) sulfinate esters were synthesized in 53–98% yields from the corresponding methoxymethyl (MOM) sulfides employing NBS as oxidant.