The Liouville-Bratu-Gelfand Problem for Radial Operators

We determine precise existence and multiplicity results for radial solutions of the Liouville-Bratu-Gelfand problem associated with a class of quasilinear radial operators, which includes perturbations of k-Hessian and p-Laplace operators.     

Hypernuclear fine structure in (9)(lambda)Be

With a germanium detector array (Hyperball), we observed two gamma-ray peaks corresponding to the two transitions (5/2(+)-->1/2(+) and 3/2(+)-->1/2(+)) in the (9)(Lambda)Be hypernucleus which was produced by the 9Be(K-,pi(-)) reaction. The energies of the gamma rays are 3029 +/- 2 +/- 1 keV and 3060 +/- 2 +/- 1 keV. The energy difference was measured to be 31.4(+2.5)(-3.6) keV, which indicates a very small Lambda-spin-dependent spin-orbit force between a Lambda and a nucleon. This is the smallest level splitting by far ever measured in a hypernucleus.     

X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy of ZnO nanoparticle and highly oriented ZnO microrod arrays

The electronic structures of ZnO nanoparticles and microrod arrays are studied by O 1s X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and O Kα X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES). We show that the present LDA+U^SIC calculation approach is suitable to correct the LDA self-interaction error of the cation d-states. The atomic eigenstates of 3d in zinc and 2p in oxygen are energetically close, which induces strong Zn-3d-O-2p hybridization. This anomalous valence band cation-d-anion-p hybridization is affected when the localization of the Zn 3d-states is taken into account. Experimentally, the XES spectra show energy dependence in the spectral shape revealing selected excitations to the Zn 3d, 4s and 4p states, hybridized with O 2p states. Strong anisotropic effects are observed for the highly oriented ZnO rods, but not for the isotropic spherical nanoparticles. The nanostructured ZnO has primarily bulk XAS and XES properties.     

Maximizing synthetic efficiency: multi-component transformations lead the way

With the emergence of high-throughput screening in the pharmaceutical industry in the early 1990's, organic chemists were faced with a new challenge: how to prepare large collections of molecules (the libraries) to "feed" the high-throughput screen? The unique exploratory power of some reactions (such as the 40 year-old Ugi four-component condensation) was soon recognized to be extremely valuable to produce libraries in a time- and cost-effective manner. Over the last five years, industrial and academic researchers have made these powerful transformations into one of the most efficient and cost-effective tools for combinatorial and parallel synthesis.     

In situ determination of glass transition temperatures in thin polymer films

A method for determining the glass transition temperature T_g of waveguiding NLO-films is presented. This enables for the first time monitoring of the T_g of NLO-films on device substrates in situ. T_g is shown to follow from the temperature dependencies of the refractive index n(T) or the thickness d_f(T) of thin films.     

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An experimental study of the antineutron-light nucleus annihilation at 1.4 GeV/c

The heavy liquid bubble chamber, Gargamelle, has been used to investigate the gross features of the annihilation of antineutrons in light nuclei (mainly Carbon). Results are presented on the distributions of multiplicity, momentum and emission angle for charged pions and protons together with a simple model to describe them.