A new approach to irreversibility from maximum entropy estimation

This paper deals with the study of some irreversible processes like slow heating of a thermodynamic system or of inhomogeneity, i.e. spatially local equilibrium in it, based on the principle of maximum entropy estimation, in a stochastic model.     

Das kathodische Verhalten von Mn(II) in wäßriger und alkoholisch-wäßriger Lösung mit verschiedenen Leitsalzen

The present paper describes the polarographic behaviour of Mn(II) in various supporting electrolytes in aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic mixtures. The reduction has been found to be a quasi reversible one. The values of α,E ₃ ^2/r , andk _s have been calculated by the method developed byMatsuda andAyabe ⁴.     

Model for optical density of films with grain clustering

In photographic emulsions, grains have been reported to be clustered. A model for the observed optical density in the presence of grain clustering has been developed.     

Effect of jammer power on the performance of adaptive arrays

The effect of jammer power on the performance of adaptive arrays is studied. It is shown that the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of an adaptive array is a function of jammer power. In the presence of a wide-band jammer, the output SINR of the array decreases with an increase in jammer power and eventually goes to zero. Unlike continuous wave (CW) jammers, a wide-band jammer does not go through power inversion. Instead, as the jammer power is increased, the interference-to-noise ratio (INR) at the array output shows oscillations. For large jammer power, the output INR increases with an increase in jammer power.     

Electronic structure of ErH2

A band structure study reveals that in contrast to the pure rare earth metal, the Fermi level of the dihydride falls near the bottom of the 5d band, in a region of low density of states; consequences on Fermi surface geometry, magnetic properties and resistivity are suggested. Below the metal d states lie two overlapping metal-hydrogen bands, in agreement with Weaver's photoemission data and Switendick's result on YH₂.     

A thermoluminescence study of defect centres in MgO

Thermoluminescence glow curves are a fairly good representation of the different defect centres in MgO produced by γ or reactor irradiation. The glow peaks at 370, 440, 485 and 545 K have been found to be due to hole trapped centres. The 370 K peak has been found to be due to holes released from V_M centres (hole trapped at action vacancy associated with a neighbouring impurity ion). The 665 K peak in γ-irradiated MgO is due to charge transfer between the adsobred oxygen ions and surface defect centres. The F-type centres produced on reactor irradiation (neutron and γ) and on quenching from high temperatures before γ-irradiation are also found to give thermoluminescence peaks at temperatures higher than 560 K. It has also been found that reactor irradiation partially annihilates the trapping centres which are responsible for lower temperature glow peaks.     

Angular forces in the lattice dynamics of b.c.c. metals

The lattice dynamics of the b.c.c. lattice has been investigated using the central and the angular forces which are in general rotationally invariant. It has been observed that the four force constants are related to three elastic constants only. Dispersion curves for sodium were calculated and were found to be in excellent agreement with experiment.     

Theory of mass-yield distributions in “quasi-fission” reactions

A two-step process of “fission after a few nucleon transfer” is studied for the mass-yield distributions in the reaction of 605 MeV⁸⁴Kr ions with²³⁸U. The general agreement between the theory and experiment is qualitatively good. Based on the phenomenological considerations, sequential fission is also included partially. The transfer process is also shown to be given by the charge dispersion calculations.     

Studies in sesquiterpenes—LI : β-Himachalene epoxide—stereochemistry and solvolysis

Stereochemistry of β-himachalene oxide has been established by its correlation with himachalol. Products of solvolysis of this oxide are dependent on conditions and reagents used. Homoallylic participation becomes the dominant mode with perchloric acid in aqueous dioxane.