全文获取类型
收费全文 | 25440篇 |
免费 | 4312篇 |
国内免费 | 4819篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 14255篇 |
晶体学 | 485篇 |
力学 | 790篇 |
综合类 | 446篇 |
数学 | 2000篇 |
物理学 | 6351篇 |
无线电 | 10244篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 83篇 |
2023年 | 381篇 |
2022年 | 722篇 |
2021年 | 818篇 |
2020年 | 817篇 |
2019年 | 831篇 |
2018年 | 714篇 |
2017年 | 938篇 |
2016年 | 969篇 |
2015年 | 1256篇 |
2014年 | 1513篇 |
2013年 | 1819篇 |
2012年 | 2096篇 |
2011年 | 2187篇 |
2010年 | 1906篇 |
2009年 | 1989篇 |
2008年 | 2222篇 |
2007年 | 1991篇 |
2006年 | 1933篇 |
2005年 | 1638篇 |
2004年 | 1294篇 |
2003年 | 1008篇 |
2002年 | 1027篇 |
2001年 | 884篇 |
2000年 | 762篇 |
1999年 | 465篇 |
1998年 | 333篇 |
1997年 | 232篇 |
1996年 | 218篇 |
1995年 | 183篇 |
1994年 | 170篇 |
1993年 | 199篇 |
1992年 | 142篇 |
1991年 | 152篇 |
1990年 | 102篇 |
1989年 | 103篇 |
1988年 | 70篇 |
1987年 | 72篇 |
1986年 | 70篇 |
1985年 | 57篇 |
1984年 | 50篇 |
1983年 | 30篇 |
1982年 | 26篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 694 毫秒
951.
A series of heterometallic LnIII–SbIII edta‐containing compounds with the formulas [Sb2(edta)2Ln]NO3 · nH2O [edta = ethylenediaminetetraacetate; Ln = Eu, n = 7 ( 1 ); Gd, n = 7.5 ( 2 ) and Tb, n = 8 ( 3 )] were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses (EA), powder X‐ray diffraction (PXDP), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). Their fluorescence and magnetic properties were also studied. The thermal analysis demonstrates the compounds formation of the antimony, lanthanide ions, and edta4– ligands. FT‐IR spectra reveal that the antimony and lanthanide ions are connected through the carboxylate bridges. The studies of luminescence properties show that compounds 1 and 3 exhibit typical luminescence in the visible region. Furthermore, magnetic properties reveal compounds 2 and 3 have weak ferromagnetic behavior. 相似文献
952.
Jong Min Lee Ji‐eun Kim Jayant Borana Bong Hyun Chung Bong Geun Chung 《Electrophoresis》2013,34(13):1931-1938
We developed the dual‐micropillar‐based microfluidic platform to direct embryonic stem (ES) cell fate. 4 × 4 dual‐micropillar‐based microfluidic platform consisted of 16 circular‐shaped outer micropillars and 8 saddle‐shaped inner micropillars in which single ES cells were cultured. We hypothesized that dual‐micropillar arrays would play an important role in controlling the shear stress and cell docking. Circular‐shaped outer micropillars minimized the shear stress, whereas saddle‐shaped inner micropillars allowed for docking of individual ES cells. We observed the effect of saddle‐shaped inner micropillars on cell docking in response to hydrodynamic resistance. We also demonstrated that ES cells cultured for 6 days within the dual‐micropillar‐based microfluidic platform differentiated into neural‐like cells. Therefore, this dual‐micropillar‐based microfluidic platform could be a potentially powerful method for screening of lineage commitments of single ES cells. 相似文献
953.
Dong‐Jun Yu Jun Hu Yan Huang Hong‐Bin Shen Yong Qi Zhen‐Min Tang Jing‐Yu Yang 《Journal of computational chemistry》2013,34(11):974-985
Understanding the interactions between proteins and ligands is critical for protein function annotations and drug discovery. We report a new sequence‐based template‐free predictor (TargetATPsite) to identify the Adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate (ATP) binding sites with machine‐learning approaches. Two steps are implemented in TargetATPsite: binding residues and pockets predictions, respectively. To predict the binding residues, a novel image sparse representation technique is proposed to encode residue evolution information treated as the input features. An ensemble classifier constructed based on support vector machines (SVM) from multiple random under‐samplings is used as the prediction model, which is effective for dealing with imbalance phenomenon between the positive and negative training samples. Compared with the existing ATP‐specific sequence‐based predictors, TargetATPsite is featured by the second step of possessing the capability of further identifying the binding pockets from the predicted binding residues through a spatial clustering algorithm. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate the efficacy of TargetATPsite. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
954.
Fu-Qiang Jin Jian-Chun Zhang Min Li Xin-Min Hao Hua Zhang 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(8):1148-1151
NaOH/poly(sodium acrylate) composites were prepared by in situ polymerization of acrylic acid with an overneutralization level by adding excess NaOH. The composites were studied by XRD, IR and 23Na MAS NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the high neutralization degree (>100%) may lead to a complete polymerization. Both XRD and 23Na MAS NMR spectra did not show any peaks of phase-separated NaOH or Na2CO3 until the neutralization degree was up to 217.5%. It can be presumed that the aggregates of Na+ ions can contain approximately two Na+ units for every carboxyl group before the phase separation. 相似文献
955.
以制得的纳米Fe3O4颗粒作为载体,用还原法将还原出的Au与Pt分别负载到Fe3O4颗粒表面,制得纳米Pt/Au/Fe3O4复合材料。对Pt/Au/Fe3O4进行紫外可见光吸收光谱、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射及光电子能谱等物理表征,结果表明,Au与Pt均匀地沉积到了Fe3O4纳米颗粒表面。对纳米Pt/Au/Fe3O4复合材料进行循环伏安扫描,当H2PtCl6的加入量达到8 mL时,Pt/Au/Fe3O4催化性能最佳;正扫电流峰ip与扫描速率的平方根v1/2线性相关,Pt/Au/Fe3O4催化氧化甲醇的过程受扩散控制;对催化剂进行201次循环伏安扫描,催化剂仍然能保持较好的催化性能且稳定性良好。因此,所合成催化剂Pt/Au/Fe3O4是一种具有良好化学稳定性的阳极催化剂材料。 相似文献
956.
采用修饰与未修饰单壁碳纳米管固定C-C键水解酶BphD,并对固定化酶的相对活性、稳定性、重复使用性进行了考察.结果表明,未修饰单壁碳纳米管固定的BphD相对活性为游离态的52.5%,其热稳定性和在变性剂中的稳定性均有所提高,且重复使用10次仍可保持初始活力的90%.修饰单壁碳纳米管固定的BphD相对活性可达99.7%,但其稳定性没有明显提高.同源模建及分子对接分析结果显示,未修饰的单壁碳纳米管对BphD亚基之间的联系可能存在干扰作用,从而对其活性产生影响. 相似文献
957.
The mixed-metal cluster Yb4O4(OiPr)16Na12 has been synthesized and structurally determined by IR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the cubic system, space group P23 with a = b = c = 13.9788(3), V = 2731.55(10)3 , Z = 1, Dc = 1.202 g/cm 3 , Mr = 1977.42, = 3.480 mm-1 , F(000) = 972, the final R = 0.0288 and wR = 0.1511 for 1677 observed reflections with Ⅰ > 2σ(Ⅰ). X-ray analysis reveals that Yb4O4 (OiPr)16Na12 is centrosym-metric and the structure contains four ytterbium metals and twelve sodium metals, and each ytterbium atom is coordinated by six oxygen atoms. In addition, an ancillary computational analysis of the optimized molecular unit was provided. The large energy gap (3.31 eV) between HOMO and LUMO indicates that the structure framework is particularly stable. 相似文献
958.
The effect of clay on the morphology and phase-separation behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(styreneco-acrylonitrile)(PMMA/SAN) blends and the variation of clay dispersion have been investigated. With the evolution of phase separation in PMMA/SAN, most of the clays are first located at the boundaries between PMMA and SAN, and then gradually move to the PMMA-rich domain, owing to the affinity of clay to PMMA. The introduction of clay causes the increase of binodal and spinodal temperatures of PMMA/SAN and enlarges their metastable region, indicating the phase stabilizing effect of clay on the matrix. But the influence of clay on the cloud points obviously depends on the composition of PMMA/SAN. The selective adsorption of PMMA on the clay results in the difference between the composition of surface layer and that of polymer matrix. Hence, the clay plays the role of an agent changing the conditions of phase structure formation. 相似文献
959.
The crystallization of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) controlled by Pluronic P123 in a room-temperature ionic liquid, ethylamine nitrate (EAN), was investigated. The CaCO3 aggregates were obtained by rapid mixing of ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). Cubic calcite, spherical vaterite, and bagel-like vaterite were obtained easily by changing P123 concentration and reaction temperature. The morphologies of the as-prepared CaCO3 aggregates were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electronic microscopy. The phase change of the obtained crystals was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was shown that higher P123 concentration and higher reaction temperature favor the formation of vaterite in EAN. Unusual bagel-like vaterite was first obtained at 60 °C in the presence of 5 g/L P123 in EAN. Mineralization of CaCO3 regulated by P123 in EAN is a simple, novel, and environment-friendly strategy for vaterite synthesis. 相似文献
960.
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) forms part of the commensal microflora and is deemed to be the major pathogen responsible for the generation of dental caries. The enzyme, sortase A enzyme, modulates the surface properties and cariogenicity of S. mutans. Curcumin has been reported to be an inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus sortase A. In this study, inhibition of a purified S. mutans UA159 sortase A by curcumin was evaluated. Curcumin exerted strong inhibitory activity with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 10.2?±?0.7 μM which was lower than the minimum inhibitory concentration of 175 μM and the minimum bactericidal concentration of 350 μM. These results indicated that curcumin is a S. mutans UA159 sortase A inhibitor and therefore represents as a promising anticaries agent. 相似文献