Two Novel Antifungal Saponins from Tibetan Herbal Medicine Clematis tangutica

Antifungal assay-guided isolation of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Clematis tangutica yielded two novel triterpene saponins. Their structures were determined to be 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl ester (1) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl ester (2) on the basis of spectral data and chemical reactions.     

在吡啶溶剂中氯化镍催化的溴代芳烃自身偶联反应

Pyridine was used as a solvent for homocoupling of aryl bromides catalyzed by nickel chloride/triarylphosphinein the presence of zinc and recycled easily.Triphenylphosphine was the best ligand for nickel in this coupling reac-tion.     

ZSM-5/Y复合分子筛在烃类催化裂化催化剂中的应用研究

以大庆减压蜡油为原料，考察了水热脱铝ZSM-5/Y复合分子筛的催化裂化性能，并与经同样条件水热脱铝的ZSM-5和Y型沸石的机械混合分子筛进行了对比研究。结果表明，与机械混合样品相比，复合分子筛具有较大的柴油产率和气体产率，汽油产率降低。从复合分子筛结构和ZSM-5的择形催化两方面分析了复合分子筛和机械混合分子筛裂化性能差别的原因。复合分子筛的聚集体结构不利于大分子进入分子筛结构中进行裂化，有利于汽油组分的裂化。气体数据分析支持了复合分子筛的结构特点。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly（butylene adipate-co-terephthalate） Catalyzed by Rare Earth Stearates

Rare earth （Nd, Y, La, Dy） stearates have been synthesized and used as single component catalysts for the polycondensation of dimethyl terephthalate, adipic acid and 1,4-butanediol for the first time preparing biodegradable poly（butylene adipate-co-terephthalate） （PBAT） with high molecular weight, The microstructures of PBAT were characterized by ^1H NMR spectra. The PBAT exhibits good mechanical properties such as high tensile strength （ca. 20 MPa） and long break elongation （〉700%）.     

立体专一性地合成（Z）-α-氟-β-三氟甲基乙烯基碘化物和应用于合成多氟噻吩基双烯烃

The direct iodination of polyfluorinated vinyl stannanes by tin-iodine exchange methodology was achieved giving （Z）-α-fluoro-β-trifluoromethyl vinyl iodides stereospecifically. Changing the substituent in R group from the electron-withdrawing group to electron-donating group led to an increase in the yield from 78% to 90%, while it was moved from para to meta position the reaction did not afford a dramatic change in the yield （90% to 95%）. In addition, this reaction also can be applied to the vinyl stannane with heterocyclic group. The further coupling reaction of prepared vinyl iodide containing heterocyclic moiety with （Z）-α-fluoro-β-trifluoromethylstannanes gave polyfluorinated heterocyclic alkadienes with 2E,4E-selectivity.     

Study on thermal stability of poled non-linear optical polymers

A logarithmic expression is proposed to describe relaxation of the polar order in side chain polymers,together with a new way of plotting temperature dependent relaxation data.This results in a straight line extending even below the glass transition temperature in the case of poled nonlinear optics (NLO) side chain polymers.A simple procedure to determine the rotational diffusion constant Dr is given and Dr values of several polymer systems have been evaluated and compared with each other.It appears that,starting from the conventional and well known poled polymer system currently applied,a further lowering of Dr by about 3 orders of magnitude is necessary in order to reach an acceptable orientational stability or lifetime of poled polymers for practical applications.Attempts have been made to introduce electron push-pull substituents into high thermostable molecular frameworks and results of preliminary measurements are reported.     

功能性超薄有序分子沉积膜的制备及其结构研究

1991年G.Decher等首次探讨了阴阳离子与聚电解质交替沉积制备有机超薄膜的方法。我们在完善成膜技术和发展成膜基质的基础上,详细研究了其成膜过程与膜的结构,并定义这种新的自组装超薄有序膜为分子沉积膜——MD膜。MD膜是利用阴阳离子的静电吸附反应特性,通过相反离子体系的交替分子沉积制备的层状有序自组装多层超薄膜。需要指出的是,分子沉积既是有机超薄膜的制备技术,本身又是一种自组装超薄有序膜。MD膜制备工艺简单,热稳定性和长期稳定性好,不受基体形状与面积限制。     

土壤中红外光谱库支持下的局部建模集优化

土壤中红外（MIR）光谱能快速、无污染、低成本地估算土壤有机碳等理化属性。随着各种尺度土壤光谱库的建立,使用其进行快速土壤分析引起广泛关注,但光谱库的通用模型在局部尺度上的预测效果不理想。开发“局部化”光谱建模方法是提高土壤光谱库性能的有效途径。本文提出了一种新的方法,通过光谱相似度计算和建模子集构建,旨在从库中快速建立最优局部建模集以提高预测精度。比较了欧氏、马氏、余弦三种距离算法衡量待测样本与库样本之间的相似度并生成距离矩阵;使用连续统去除法从距离矩阵中提取库容曲线中的特征点。利用偏最小二乘回归建立土壤MIR光谱与有机碳含量间的定量关系。结果表明,三种距离算法结合连续统去除得到的第一特征点均可得到较佳的预测精度。马氏距离不仅模型精度最高（R² = 0.764,RMSE = 1.021%）而且用到的库样本数最少（14%库容）。本方法可改善MIR光谱分析的成本效率并能提高局部尺度的预测能力。     

新型LTCC高隔离低插损3dB90°电桥设计

基于宽边耦合带状线结构,该文设计了一种基于低温共烧陶瓷(LTCC)技术的高隔离低插损3 dB 90°电桥。该电桥使用螺旋耦合线有效地减小了器件尺寸,同时以对称式结构建模更便于后期的优化调整。在宽边螺旋耦合带状线垂直方向引入一个伸入式可调隔离电容,极大地提高了该电桥的隔离度,使其可达27 dB,且插入损耗≤0.2 dB,较之传统的定向耦合器结构,其在提升性能的同时大幅减小了器件尺寸。对耦合线直角拐弯处的电场强度进行分析与优化,采用45°斜切的方式使拐角处的电场强度与直线处大致相等。对上接地金属板进行环形镂空处理,这将改善带内的幅度平衡度。该文设计的3 dB 90°电桥通带为0.96~1.53 GHz,插入损耗≤0.2 dB,幅度平衡度≤±0.7 dB,相位平衡度为90°±1°,隔离度≥27 dB,其具有良好的应用市场。     

一种频域脉冲最小均方误差杂波对消算法

针对“低慢小”探测雷达杂波多普勒主瓣淹没慢速弱目标问题,该文提出了频域脉冲LMS（FPLMS）算法来对消杂波。该算法利用杂波分量在脉间的平稳性,自适应地估计各距离单元杂波的复幅度来重构杂波,实现杂波对消。仿真结果表明：FPLMS算法能够有效对消杂波,消除杂波主瓣对目标检测的影响;且具有很窄的滤波器凹口,约为MTI滤波器的1/3,对速度大于1个速度分辨单元的目标几乎无信噪比损失,适用于“低慢小”探测雷达的杂波对消。