高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定黄瓜与土壤中烯酰吗啉和氰霜唑及其代谢物的残留量

为评价烯酰吗啉和氰霜唑在黄瓜和土壤中的安全性,建立了同时检测烯酰吗啉和氰霜唑及其代谢物4-氯-5-(4-甲苯基)-1H-咪唑-2-腈(CCIM)的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。样品经乙腈提取,乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷键合相(PSA)和十八烷基硅烷键合相(C18)净化后,质谱多反应监测模式扫描,基质匹配标准曲线外标法定量。烯酰吗啉、氰霜唑和CCIM在0. 01～0. 5 mg/L范围内均具有良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)均大于0. 994 0,在0. 05、0. 1、0. 5 mg/kg加标浓度下,3种待测物在黄瓜和土壤中的平均回收率为78%～105%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1. 3%～14. 8%,定量下限为0. 05 mg/kg。对35%氰霜唑·烯酰吗啉悬浮剂在黄瓜和土壤中的残留动态及最终残留量进行分析,发现烯酰吗啉、氰霜唑及CCIM之和在黄瓜和土壤中消解较快,烯酰吗啉在黄瓜和土壤中的半衰期分别为1. 2～2. 1、3. 0～9. 6 d;氰霜唑及CCIM之和在黄瓜和土壤中的半衰期为0. 9～2. 3、1. 8～6. 2 d。该方法简单、快速、灵敏度及准确度高,能够满足黄瓜和土壤中烯酰吗啉、氰霜唑及CCIM残留量的检测要求。     

α-腈基阿魏酸基体在MALDI-TOFMS测定中的应用研究

在基体辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI－TOFMS）测定中基体的作用举足轻重。有效或特效基体的发现和应用不仅可提高测试灵敏度和分辨率,加大分子量测定范围,还能扩增测试样品的种类,推动MALDI－TOFMS应用的发展。目前MALDI－TOFMS分析的常用基体^[1,2]测定多肽、蛋白质的α-腈基－4－羟基肉桂酸（4HCCA）和介子酸（SA）效果比较理想;而测定糖类物质的2,5－二羟基苯甲酸（DHB）则不能完全适用于在组成、结构、序列以及连接方式上存在多样性的碳水化合物的分子;测定DNA的3－羟基吡啶甲酸（3－HPA）使用时必须对样品、溶剂甚至基体本身进行严格纯化,较为烦琐,测定含百个碱基以上大分子量DNA的灵敏度和分辨率还不理想。本文考察研究α-腈基阿魏酸（CFA）旨在寻找MALDI－TOFMS测定的有效新基体,为MALDI－TOFMS测定提供更多的基体选择。     

Synthesis and characterization of gallium-based perovskitetype dense membrane with oxygen semipermeability

La0.15Sr0.85Ga0.3Fe0.7O3-δ(LSGFO) and La0.15Sr0.85Co0.3Fe0.7O3-δ(LSCFO) mixed oxygen-ion and electron conducting oxides were synthesized by using a combined EDTA and citrate complexing method, and the corresponding dense membranes were fabricated. The properties of the oxide powders and membranes were characterized with combined SEM, XRD, H2-TPR, O2-TPD techniques, mechanical strength and oxygen permeation measurement. The results showed that LSGFO had much higher thermochemical stability than LSCFO due to the higher valence stability of Ga3+. After the temperature-programmed reduction by 5% H2 in Ar from 20℃to 1020℃, the basic perovskite structure of LSGFO was successfully preserved. LSGFO also favors the oxygen vacancy formation better than LSCFO. Oxygen permeation measurement demonstrated that LSGFO had higher oxygen permeation flux than LSCFO, but they had similar activation energy for oxygen transportation, with a value of 110 and 117 kJ ?mol~(-1), respectively. The difference in oxygen permeation f     

子窗口分析法用于偶氮染料GC-MS重叠峰的解析

 将子窗口因子分析法 (SWFA)应用于GC MS联用检测数据分析 ,并以两种偶氮染料 3,3′ 二氯联苯胺和 4,4′ 次甲基 双 (2 氯苯胺 )重叠图谱为例进行了解析。结果表明 ,此方法可直接进行目标组分的质谱分辨 ,得到目标组分的质谱图 ,进而得到该组分的色谱图。其结果准确、可靠。与窗口因子分析相比 ,子窗口的选择更加容易 ,人工干预少 ,解析速度快。     

低能离子与腺苷酸组分水溶液作用合成腺苷酸

利用自行设计的实验装置将低能离子引入水溶液以诱发水溶液中的化学反应,模拟原始地球条件研究核苷酸的前生物合成.以低能N＋注入含D 核糖、磷酸二氢铵的腺嘌呤过饱和溶液,用高效液相色谱、核磁共振等方法对反应产物进行分析,证明有5′ 腺苷酸生成.给出了产物的产额时间曲线,并对反应机理作了初步探讨.     

镍纳米线电极的电化学氧化还原行为及其对乙醇的电化学氧化催化作用

镍电极;电池;电催化;镍纳米线电极的电化学氧化还原行为及其对乙醇的电化学氧化催化作用     

邻苯二酚做螯合剂合成不同粒度、形貌的全硅方钠石分子筛大单晶

将邻苯二酚作为螯合剂加入到合成全硅方钠石分子筛的体系 (SiO2-NaOH -EG -R(R :邻苯二酚 ) )中 ,合成了 15 μm× 15 μm× 15 μm～ 6 0 μm×6 0 μm× 6 0 μm粒度不等的高质量的Si-SOD分子筛单晶 .实验结果表明 :当体系中有邻苯二酚存在时得到的产物具有较大尺寸和完美形貌的单晶 ,而不加邻苯二酚时却得到尺寸很小的孪晶 ;同时 ,体系中邻苯二酚的含量对晶体的粒度也有很大影响 .晶化动力学表明 ,邻苯二酚的加入极大地降低了晶化速度 ,这可能与体系中形成了硅 -邻苯二酚螯合物有关     

化学让生活多姿多彩——记中国科学技术大学化学科普活动

用"化学让大自然丰富多彩、色彩斑斓——天然色素的五彩世界""化学很魔幻——揭秘化学小魔术""化学让我们生活得更智慧、更安全、更健康——引导大众消除生活误区""化学也诗意——以诗入‘化’——打造诗意化学科普"和"化学让大自然更为奇特绝妙——走进大自然,学习化学知识,感悟化学的魅力"五个主题,介绍了中国科学技术大学化学实验教学中心在化学科普教育内容方面的一些探索和经验。     

Analysis of Protein Moiety of Polysaccharide Conjugates Water-extracted from Low Grade Green Tea

Tea polysaccharide conjugates(TPCs) were water-extracted and purified from low-grade green tea. Although TPC contains 1.97% covalent binding proteins, Coomassie brilliant blue G250 and R250 could not detect this protein. The "should-shape" absorption peak observed at 250-280 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum was caused by quinone compounds derived from polyphenol oxidation during TPC extraction. The UV-Vis spectrum could be used to detect the decolorizing degree of TPC. TPC aqueous solution merely presented the negative charge properties of its polysaccharides instead of the acid-base property of its protein section, and exhibited higher stability at pH greater than 5.0. No precipitation or haze occurred in three TPC/epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) aqueous mixtures during 12 h storage. TPC had emulsifying activity, which indicated that its protein moiety formed hydrophobic groups. It is proposed that some of the physicochemical properties of the TPC protein moiety are shielded by its polysaccharide chain.     

Studies on O-,N-Acylation of 3-Hydroxyisoxazole and Their Regioselective Synthesis(Ⅰ)——O-,N-acylation of 5-Methyl-3-hydroxyisoxazole with 2,2-Dimethyl 3-Substituted Cyclopropanecarboxylic Chlorides

The reactions of 5-methyl-3-hydroxyisoxazole with 2, 2-dimethyl, 3-substituted cyclopropanecarboxylic chlorides give O-acyl-5-methyl-3-hydroxyisoxazole and N-acyl-5-methylisoxazolin-3-one derivatives. The ratio of O-acyl to N-acyl product depends upon the acylation reagents. O-acyl derivatives can be converted to the N-acyl compounds by isomerization under acidic conditions or heating.