To the Quantum Effects in Nuclear Fission

An assumption that the most probable fragments of spontaneous low-energy fission inherit the quantum structure of initial nuclei is discussed. The energies Q of spontaneous decay into two fragments of nuclei with 2 < Z < 102 are estimated. The transition from negative to positive values of Q occurs near Z = 40.     

Electron Metal-Dielectric Phase Transitions in Semiconductors under Pressure

The effect of uniform pressure on the character of metal-dielectric transitions in compensated weakly- and highly doped semiconductors (WHDCS) is considered. The influence of hybridization of resonance quasilocalized impurity states with band continuum states on the transition is shown. Minimum metallic conductivities in p-CdSnAs₂ are determined for Mott and Anderson transitions. Special features of the metal-dielectric transformation in weakly-doped narrow- and high energy-gap semiconductors are discussed for the case of hydrogen-like impurities. Anderson localization in WHDCS is also considered. Phase diagrams are presented.     

On the Neutron Method of Transmutation of Nuclear Wastes

Russian Physics Journal -     

Method for calculating the field of an opaque source and the field scattered by an inhomogeneous inclusion in a planar layered waveguide

Acoustical Physics - A method for calculating the resulting field of an opaque radiator and the field scattered by an inhomogeneous inclusion in a planar layered waveguide is described. The...     

Effective equation of nonlinear pulse evolution in a randomly anisotropic medium

Propagation of a light pulse through a weakly inhomogeneous optical fiber is analyzed. The non-linear envelope equation describing the evolution of polarized pulses is determined by statistical properties of inhomogeneities in the optical fiber. The isotropic Manakov system of equations is shown to be applicable in the presence of high-frequency small-scale defects in the fiber. In the presence of only large-scale inhomogeneities, the signal dynamics are described by an anisotropic system of equations.     

Isotopic effect in the width of a giant dipole resonance in light nuclei

An isotopic effect in the widths of giant dipole resonances is established on the basis of an analysis of the latest systematics of photoabsorption cross sections for nuclei containing 12 to 65 nucleons. This effect arises owing to isospin splitting of a giant resonance and is enhanced by its configuration splitting.     

Hysteretic galvano-mechanical effect on charging and discharging ionistor structures

The size of an ionistor capacitor structure is found to change during its charging and discharging. The specific feature of this effect that distinguishes it from other known effects of changing sizes under electric and magnetic fields (the piezoelectric effect and striction) is the complete hysteresis; i.e., the size reached under the exposure remains unchanged after the field is turned off.     

The state of the art and prospects of detonation-synthesis nanodiamond applications in Belarus

Technological features of the commercial production of detonation-synthesis nanodiamonds at the SINTA Joint-Stock Company and the characteristics of the nanodiamonds and diamond-containing mixtures produced are considered. Nanodiamond applications in the production of composite electrolytic coatings that are based on chromium, nickel, gold, and silver, exhibit good service properties, and save on the use of noble metals and electric power are exemplified. Nanodiamond applications for the modification of plastics, antifriction lubricants, and oxide coatings grown by microarc oxidation of aluminum alloys are also considered. The prospective application of nanodiamonds as a raw material in the synthesis of diamond powders and superhard composites by static and shock-wave loading is demonstrated.