Evaluation of Changes in Protein Quality of High-Pressure Treated Aqueous Aquafaba

Chickpea cooking water (CCW), known as aquafaba, has potential as a replacement for egg whites due to its emulsion and foaming properties which come from the proteins and starch that leach out from chickpeas into the cooking water. High pressure (HP) processing has the ability to modify the functional characteristics of proteins. It is hypothesized that HP processing could favorably affect the functional properties of CCW proteins by influencing their structure. The objective of this study to evaluate the effect of HP treatment on the associated secondary structure, emulsion properties and thermal characteristics of CCW proteins. A central composite rotatable design is used with pressure level (227–573 MPa) and treatment time (6–24 min) as HP variables, and concentration of freeze dried CCW aquafaba powder (11–29%) as product variable, and compared to untreated CCW powder. HP improves aquafaba emulsion properties compared to control sample. HP reduces protein aggregates by 33.3%, while β-sheets decreases by 4.2–87.6% in which both correlated to increasing protein digestibility. α-helices drops by 50%. It affects the intensity of some HP treated samples, but not the trend of bands in most of them. HP treatment decreases T_d and enthalpy because of increasing the degree of denaturation.     

Synthesis, structure and magnetic behavior of a new three-dimensional Manganese phosphite-oxalate: [C2N2H10][Mn2(OH2)2(HPO3)2(C2O4)]

A novel manganese phosphite-oxalate, [C₂N₂H₁₀][Mn₂^II(OH₂)₂(HPO₃)₂(C₂O₄)] has been hydothermally synthesized and its structure determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure consists of neutral manganese phosphite layers, [Mn(HPO₃)]_∞, formed by MnO₆ octahedra and HPO₃ units, cross-linked by the oxalate moieties. The organic cations occupy the middle of the 8-membered one-dimensional channels. Magnetic studies indicate weak antiferromagnetic interactions between the Mn²⁺ ions.     

Design and analysis of a CMOS passive Σ∆ ADC for low power RF transceivers

Design and analysis of a Σ∆ modulator with a passive switched capacitor loop filter is presented. Design steps for optimum loop filter design for quantization noise suppression and thermal noise reduction is outlined. Design specifications for sampling clock phase noise, reference buffer and input buffer settling is analyzed. Presented design has a 2nd-order loop filter and uses only metal-metal capacitors and thin oxide digital transistors with no additional components occupying less than 0.1 mm² silicon area in 0.13 μm CMOS digital process. Measurement results show that the ADC achieves 80 dB peak SNR at a 100 kHz integration bandwidth with 1 pJ/sample conversion efficiency. With decimation filter power consumption of 0.22 mW at 104 MHz sampling rate, the ADC consumes only about 1 mA at 1.5 V for each channel.     

Approximate controllability results for viscoelastic flows with infinitely many relaxation modes

We prove results on approximate controllability for linear viscoelastic flows, with a localized distributed control in the momentum balance equation. The constitutive law is a multimode Maxwell or Jeffreys model with an infinite number of relaxation modes.     

A methodological review on attack and defense strategies in cyber warfare

Cyberspace is an integration of cyber physical system components that integrates computation, networking, physical processes, embedded computers and network monitors which uses feedback loops for controlling the processes where the computations are affected by processes and vice versa. More general, cyber physical systems include all equipments operated on preprogrammed instructions ranging from simple electronic devices to the ultra-modern warfare equipments along with life saving devices. Active cyber-attacks can cause cyber warfare situations by disrupting an entire community of people, which in turn raises an emergency situation to the nation. Thus, cyber warfare is a major threat to the nation at large. In this paper, we analyze the various aspects of cyber warfare situations and a survey on ongoing attacks, defense and cyber forensics strategies in that field. Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging computing area which enables Machine to Machine communication in cyber physical systems. An attack on IoT causes major issues to the security on the devices and thus, the various threats and attacks on IoT are analyzed here. Overall monitoring and data acquisition in cyber physical systems is done by Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition systems and are mainly targeted by the attackers in order to leave the cyberspace applications not functioning. Therefore, the various threats, attacks and research issues pertaining to the cyberspace are surveyed in this paper along with a few research issues and challenges that are to be solved in the area of cyber warfare.

     

Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Neyveli Lignite Samples from Mine Cut-I and II

Abstract

Infrared spectra of Neyveli Lignite samples at different depths from mine cut-I and II were recorded in the region 4000–200 cm^?1. Probable assignments of the bands were made with respect to the components present in the samples. The Lignite samples collected at 80m, 82m, 87m and 90m from minecut-I and 52m, 56m and 58m from minecut - II shows distinctly a band at 1500cm^?1 indicating that these belong to pleistocene—miocene period, while the absence of this band in the samples at deeper depths 92m and 94m from minecut-I and 62m and 65 m from minecut-II indicate that these belong to Oligocene to Palaeocene period.     

q-Deformed nonlinear maps

Motivated by studies onq-deformed physical systems related to quantum group structures, and by the elements of Tsallis statistical mechanics, the concept ofq-deformed nonlinear maps is introduced. As a specific example, aq-deformation procedure is applied to the logistic map. Compared to the canonical logistic map, the resulting family ofq-logistic maps is shown to have a wider spectrum of interesting behaviours, including the co-existence of attractors — a phenomenon rare in one-dimensional maps.     

A Complete Multiagent Framework for Robust and Adaptable Dynamic Job Shop Scheduling

This paper presents a complete multiagent framework for dynamic job shop scheduling, with an emphasis on robustness and adaptability. It provides both a theoretical basis and some experimental justifications for such a framework: a job dispatching procedure for a completely reactive scheduling approach, combining real-time and predictive decision making. It resolves various disruptions as flexibly as dispatching rules while providing more stability. It is ready to be implemented in a distributed environment where agents have minimum global information thereby improving system fault tolerance. Computational experiments on dynamic job arrivals provide the experimental justification of the framework. First, a comparison of computational results on unpredictable job arrivals among the presented framework and commonly used dispatching rules is presented to show the effectiveness and robustness of the developed framework. Then, a comparison of the computational results among four cases of dynamic job arrivals is presented to demonstrate the effects of making full use of available uncertain information about disruptions using this framework for the enhancement of scheduling robustness.