Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of new indolylpyrrole derivatives

The current approach described the synthesis of a new series of indolylpyrrole derivatives through multicomponent reaction of α-cyano chalcones, appropriate aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in refluxed acetic acid. The chemical structures of the designed compounds were confirmed with spectroscopic data and elemental analysis and then tested for their in vitro cytotoxic activity by SRB assay method towards three cell lines involving human Prostate adenocarcinoma; metastatic cells (PC-3), human ovary adenocarcinoma (SKOV3) and human dukes' type B, colorectal adenocarcinoma (LS 174 T). Most significant activity provided with compounds 5c, 5h and, 5j against prostate cancer cells (PC-3) with IC50s of 3.30 ± 0.20, 3.60 ± 0.10, and 3.60 ± 0.90 µg/ml, respectively. In human ovarian carcinoma (SKOV3), the compounds 5a, and 5i have stronger cytotoxicity with IC50s of 1.20 ± 0.04, 1.90 ± 0.50 µg/ml, respectively than the standard doxorubicin (IC50 = 2.20 ± 0.02 µg/ml). On the other hand, only compound 5a has the ability to diminish the viability of LS174T cells in an active manner with IC50 2.80 ± 0.10 µg/ml. Consequently, this effort offers groundwork for additional examination of nominated indolylpyrroles as antiproliferative agents.     

Cannabinoids,Phenolics, Terpenes and Alkaloids of Cannabis

Cannabis sativa is one of the oldest medicinal plants in the world. It was introduced into western medicine during the early 19th century. It contains a complex mixture of secondary metabolites, including cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid-type constituents. More than 500 compounds have been reported from C. sativa, of which 125 cannabinoids have been isolated and/or identified as cannabinoids. Cannabinoids are C₂₁ terpeno-phenolic compounds specific to Cannabis. The non-cannabinoid constituents include: non-cannabinoid phenols, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids and others. This review discusses the chemistry of the cannabinoids and major non-cannabinoid constituents (terpenes, non-cannabinoid phenolics, and alkaloids) with special emphasis on their chemical structures, methods of isolation, and identification.     

Probleme bei der Anwindung der Aktivierungsanalyse für Untersurchungen über die Bildung nichtmetallischer Einschlüse in Stahl unter Berücksichtigung des Einsatzes nichtradioaktiver Tracer zur Markierung

Es werden Gesichtspunkte der Auswahl von radioktiven oder inaktiven Leitisiotopen in qualitativer und quantitativer Hinsicht in Industriestoffen sowie Frager der Meβgenauigkeit erörtert. Im Komplex werden alle Faktoren zusammengefaβt, die einen wesentlichen Einfluβ auf die Wahl des Tracers haben. Dazu gehören seine physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften und die kerntechnischen Daten, die chemische und physikalische Beschaffenheit der markierten Stoffe, did Spezifik des betreffenden metallurgischen Prozess und die Möglichkeiten der Aktivitätsmessung. Es wurden die Grundlagen für die Berechnung der erforderlichen Tracermenge im Hinblick auf Nachweisbarkeit und der Menge der zu markierenden Stoffe im Hinblick auf die Meβgenauigkeity besprochen. Weiter sind die Möglichkeiten der Einführung der Tracer in die untersuchten Systeme behandelt worden, wobei auf die Notwendigkeit, neue Wege zu eröffnen, hingewiesen wird. Es wurden weiterhin Möglichkeiten besprochen, wie aktivierbare Tracer, die von Natur in den untersuchten Stoffen enthalten sind, für derartige Untersuchungen genutzt werden können.     

Anlage zur drahtlosen Impuls-Übertragung bei Kernstrahlungsmessungen

Die Anwendung von Radioisotopen unter den Bedingungen der Technik erfordert häufig die Übertragung von Meβsignalen zwischen Meβpunkt und Meßeinrichtungen, wobei mitunter einige hundert Meter überbrückt werden müssen. Da direkte Kabelverbindungen meist nicht möglich sind, wurden am Institut für Arbeitsmaschinen an der Technischen Hochschule in Poznań drahtlose Impulsübertragungen der Meβsignale versucht und unter Praxisbedingungen eingesetzt.

Es werden die Konstruktion, die Arbeitsweise und die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten dieser Signalübertragungen dargestellt.     

Biochemical studies on the production of Sparsomycin antibiotic by Pseudomonas aeurginosa,AZ-SH-B8 using plastic wastes as fermented substrate

Hundred and twenty microbial isolates could be isolated from different soil samples collected from different localities in Egypt. One of the bacterial cultures AZ-SH-B8 was found to produce a wide spectrum antimicrobial agent when cultivated on plastic wastes. The bacterial culture AZ-SH-B8 could be isolated from a soil sample collected from Sharkia governorate, Egypt. From the taxonomic features, the bacterial isolate AZ-SH-B8 matches with Pseudomonas aeurginosa in the morphological, physiological and biochemical characters and confirmation by using API20E system. Thus, it was given the suggested name P. aeurginosa, AZ-SH-B8. The parameters controlling the biosynthetic process of antimicrobial agent formation includes: innoculum size, different pH values, different temperatures, different incubation period, different carbon and nitrogen sources and different mineral salts concentrations (KNO₃, K₂HPO₄, MgSO₄·7H₂O and KCl) were fully investigated. The active metabolite was extracted using n-butanol (1:1, v/v) at pH 7.0. The separation of the active ingredient and its purification was performed using both thin layer chromatography (TLC) and column chromatography (CC) techniques. The physico-chemical characteristics of the purified antibiotic viz. color, melting point, solubility, elemental analysis, spectroscopic characteristics and chemical reactions have been investigated. This analysis indicates a suggested empirical formula of C₁₃H₂₁N₃O₆S₂. The minimum inhibition concentrations “MICs” of the purified antimicrobial agent were also determined. The purified antimicrobial agent was suggestive of belonging to Sparsomycin antibiotic produced by P. aeurginosa, AZ-SH-B8.     

Generalized Hardware Post‐processing Technique for Chaos‐Based Pseudorandom Number Generators

This paper presents a generalized post‐processing technique for enhancing the pseudorandomness of digital chaotic oscillators through a nonlinear XOR‐based operation with rotation and feedback. The technique allows full utilization of the chaotic output as pseudorandom number generators and improves throughput without a significant area penalty. Digital design of a third‐order chaotic system with maximum function nonlinearity is presented with verified chaotic dynamics. The proposed post‐processing technique eliminates statistical degradation in all output bits, thus maximizing throughput compared to other processing techniques. Furthermore, the technique is applied to several fully digital chaotic oscillators with performance surpassing previously reported systems in the literature. The enhancement in the randomness is further examined in a simple image encryption application resulting in a better security performance. The system is verified through experiment on a Xilinx Virtex 4 FPGA with throughput up to 15.44 Gbit/s and logic utilization less than 0.84% for 32‐bit implementations.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-substituted benzo[b]thiophene derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents

Abstract  5-Aminobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid was converted to the corresponding 5-(2-chloroacetamido)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid by reaction with chloroacetyl chloride. This acetamido product was treated with different alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic amines to afford a series of C5-substituted benzo[b]thiophenes. These compounds were found to possess potent anti-inflammatory activity. Graphical abstract        

Synthesis of some pyridine,thiopyrimidine, and isoxazoline derivatives based on the pyrrole moiety

Abstract  Condensation of 2-acetylpyrrole with 5-methylfuran-2-carboxyaldehyde and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde in 20% NaOH give the corresponding 2-chalconylpyrroles. Some new 2-alkoxy-3-cyano-4,6-diarylpyridines were synthesized by condensation of chalcones with malononitrile, followed by cyclization in sodium alkoxide. The reactivity of chalcones towards nitrogen nucleophiles such as thiourea and hydroxylamine hydrochloride to provide thiopyrimidines and isoxazolines was investigated. Graphical Abstract        

Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics of the sorption of tetrabromobisphenol A on multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is widely used as a flame retardant and is relatively persistent in the environment. This study reports the sorption kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics of TBBPA on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The equilibrium sorption capacity has been significantly improved by increasing the initial TBBPA concentration and contact time. In alkaline conditions and at high temperatures, a large reduction of TBBPA uptake was observed. The equilibrium between TBBPA and MWCNTs was achieved in approximately 60 min with removal of 96% of the TBBPA. The sorption kinetics were well described by a pseudo-second-order rate model, while both Langmuir and Freundlich models described the sorption isotherms well at different temperatures. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the sorption of TBBPA is exothermic and spontaneous at the temperatures studied.     

Meminductor Response Under Periodic Current Excitations

Recently, the mem-elements-based circuits have been addressed frequently in the nonlinear circuit theory due to their unique behavior. Thus, the modeling and characterizing of the mem-elements has become essential, especially studying their response under any excitation signal. This paper investigates the response of the meminductor under DC, sinusoidal, and periodic current signals for the first time. Furthermore, a meminductor emulator is developed to fit the obtained formulas which are built using commercial off the shelf components. The proposed analysis offers closed form expressions for the meminductance for each case. Moreover, many fundamentals and properties are derived to understand the responses such as the maximum saturation time in case of the DC response. A general closed form expression for the meminductance is derived under any periodic waveform, and this formula has been validated by applying a square wave as an example.