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951.
Jiang R. Saperstein R. Alic N. Nezhad M. McKinstrie C. Ford J. Fainman Y. Radic S. 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2006,18(23):2445-2447
The feasibility of distant wavelength conversion in photonic crystal fiber was explored. The one-pump parametric architecture was used to demonstrate translation from the conventional (1550 nm) to visible (500 nm) band. Experimental results are reported, which demonstrate the conventional-to-visible conversion of single- and multiple-channel signals encoded in the nonreturn-to-zero format 相似文献
952.
Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays are attractive given the potentially low manufacturing cost and ultimately low-temperature fabrication enabling using flexible substrates. Although the conventional two thin-film transistor (2-TFT) AMOLED voltage-programmed pixel circuit (VPPC) can provide high resolution and high yield, the 2-TFT VPPC is prone to image retention over time due to shift in the threshold voltage (VT-shift) of a-Si:H TFTs. This paper presents a new driving scheme that not only preserves the simplicity of the 2-TFT VPPC, but also demonstrates high uniformity. Experimental results indicate that the current drop in the new driving scheme is less than 11% after 15 days of operation whereas it is over 50% for the conventional driving scheme. Moreover, the new driving scheme is less sensitive to temperature variations due to an internal feedback mechanism. After a 70% change in the temperature, the current in the conventional driving scheme increases by as much as 300%. However, the current in the driving scheme presented here is approximately constant 相似文献
953.
Spinelli E.M. Mayosky M.A. Mantz R.J. 《Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions on》2006,53(7):572-576
Fully differential filter design is usually made departing from a single-ended prototype. This procedure guarantees the desired differential-mode response, but does not take into account common-mode dynamics, which could present nonacceptable transient responses or stability problems. A state-space design technique, which provides control of both differential and common-mode responses, is proposed. It is based on a feedback topology that allows independent assignment of differential and common-mode eigenvalues. This technique ensures circuit stability and also provides a high common-mode rejection ratio, which is independent of component unbalances. Experimental results on a first-order state-space filter are presented. 相似文献
954.
Montecchi M. Nichelatti E. Montereali R.M. Piccinini M. Somma F. 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2004,36(1-3):43-56
An analytical expression of the complex permittivity is derived for absorbing centres featuring inhomogeneous absorption-line broadening. Such an expression gives the dispersion law of the real part of the permittivity when the imaginary part has a Gaussian lineshape. Our mathematical approach starts from an overlap integral of Lorentzian-type dielectric susceptibilities weighted by a Gaussian probability distribution of the resonance absorption energies. The analytical solution found is consistent with the Kramers–Kronig relation. We demonstrate that, like in the case of homogeneous absorption-line broadening, the refractive index increases at photon energies lower than the resonance absorption energy also for inhomogeneous absorption-line broadening; if the absorbing centres emit Stokes-shifted radiation, such an increase can be exploited for passive and active waveguiding applications. An example is reported regarding active waveguides based on colour centres in a lithium fluoride crystal. 相似文献
955.
de Lemos R. Timmis J. Ayara M. Forrest S. 《IEEE transactions on systems, man and cybernetics. Part C, Applications and reviews》2007,37(5):873-886
This paper presents an immune-inspired adaptable error detection (AED) framework for automated teller machines (ATMs). This framework has two levels: one is local to a single ATM, while the other is network-wide. The framework employs vaccination and adaptability analogies of the immune system. For discriminating between normal and erroneous states, an immune-inspired one-class supervised algorithm was employed, which supports continual learning and adaptation. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was confirmed in terms of classification performance and impact on availability. The overall results are encouraging as the downtime of ATMs can de reduced by anticipating the occurrence of failures before they actually occur. 相似文献
956.
957.
Recently, Miracle proposed that the intermediate structure in metallic glasses could be usefully characterized as an ordered face centered cubic packing of solute-centered coordination clusters. In this paper we examine the stability of such solute ordered arrangements in binary hard sphere mixtures subject to density maximization through local particle moves. 相似文献
958.
A theoretical approach was made to find out a complete fluorine incorporation zone on a ternary diagram which serves as a useful graphical representation to select the flows of the supplied reagents for incorporation of the suitable amount of fluorine into cladding glass of optical fiber preform made by the MCVD process using CCl2F2 as a source of fluorine under oxygen abundance, oxygen deficiency and intermediate oxygen state conditions. The possible mechanism for incorporation of fluorine into cladding glass of optical fiber is also evaluated on the basis of the thermodynamical data. The fluorine incorporation mechanism in silica glass by the MCVD process is found to be dependent on the CCl2F2/SiCl4 ratio in the input gas mixture. Fluorine doping is found to be effective for removing the strained Si–O–Si bonds, which govern the optical transparency in deep ultra-violet (DUV) and vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) regions. The maximum refractive index depression of ?0.5 × 10?3 is obtained with incorporation of fluorine into silica cladding glass by the MCVD process using CCl2F2 as a dopant precursor with suitable flow of SiCl4 vapor along with O2 through backward deposition pass. The structure of fluorine doped silica glass preform samples containing 1.70–1.79 mol% fluorine incorporated by the MCVD process based on the analyses of 19F MAS spectra done by high-resolution 19F NMR spectroscopy reveal the presence of two distinct types of fluorine environments. The majority of the fluorine environments are formed in SiO1.5F polyhedral and less abundant species is observed to be highly unusual, yielding a fivefold coordinated silicon of the type SiO2F polyhedral which become increased with increasing the fluorine content. 相似文献
959.
Bikshandarkoil R. Srinivasan 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》2004,116(5):251-259
The complexes [MoX4]2− (M = Mo; X = O or S) exist as the monomeric tetrahedral species in aqueous alkaline solutions. Acidification of tetraoxomolybdate
results in the condensation of the tetrahedral units via a series of polyoxomolybdates leading to the ultimate formation of
the trioxide MoO3. Heptamolybdate [Mo7O24]6− is the first major polyanion of the acidification reaction. In contrast, acidification of tetrathiomolybdates leads to the
formation of amorphous molybdenum trisulphide via a dinuclear Mo(V) complex. The formation of the dinuclear Mo(V) complex
precludes the formation of any higher nuclearity Mo(VI)-S complexes in aqueous solution. Thus it is shown that the all-sulphur
analogue of heptamolybdate [M07S24]6− does not exist in alkaline medium and also cannot be isolated from aqueous acidic medium 相似文献
960.
In order to study cross flow induced vibration of heat exchanger tube bundles, a new fluid–structure interaction model based on surface vorticity method is proposed. With this model, the vibration of a flexible cylinder is simulated at Re=2.67 × 104, the computational results of the cylinder response, the fluid force, the vibration frequency, and the vorticity map are presented. The numerical results reproduce the amplitude‐limiting and non‐linear (lock‐in) characteristics of flow‐induced vibration. The maximum vibration amplitude as well as its corresponding lock‐in frequency is in good agreement with experimental results. The amplitude of vibration can be as high as 0.88D for the case investigated. As vibration amplitude increases, the amplitude of the lift force also increases. With enhancement of vibration amplitude, the vortex pattern in the near wake changes significantly. This fluid–structure interaction model is further applied to simulate flow‐induced vibration of two tandem cylinders and two side‐by‐side cylinders at similar Reynolds number. Promising and reasonable results and predictions are obtained. It is hopeful that with this relatively simple and computer time saving method, flow induced vibration of a large number of flexible tube bundles can be successfully simulated. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献