A calibration method of external parameters of 2D laser in rotary 3D scanning

Aiming at the problem of external parameter calibration in the combined rotating three-dimensional (3D) scanning process of laser radar and turntable, a fast 3D data scanning and accurate equipment calibration method suitable for industrial application scenarios is proposed. The coordinates of the center of the circle in the laser radar coordinate system are obtained by fitting the coordinates of the center of the circle with the scanning arc. Through the standard size and rotation angle of the target ball, the coordinates of the ball center in the turntable coordinate system are obtained. The rotation parameter R and the translation parameter T of the minimum value of the data set conversion error function in the two coordinate systems are calculated. The experimental results show that the error between the converted data and the actual data is within 0.1 mm, which meets the actual work requirements. This calibration method has the advantages of high accuracy and strong robustness.     

An improved U-Net for cell confluence estimation

Cell confluence is an important metric to determine the growth and the best harvest time of adherent cells. At present, the evaluation of cell confluence mainly relies on experienced labor, and thus it is not conducive to the automated cell culture. In this paper, we proposed an improved U-Net algorithm (called DU-Net) for the segmentation of adherent cells. First, the general convolution was replaced by the dilated convolution to expand the receptive fields for feature extraction. Then, the convolutional layers were combined with the batch normalization layers to reduce the dependence of the network on initialization. As a result, the segmentation accuracy and F1-score of the proposed DU-Net for adherent cells with low confluence (<50%) reached 96.94% and 93.87%, respectively, and for those with high confluence (≥50%), they reached 98.63% and 98.98%, respectively. Further, the paired t-test results showed that the proposed DU-Net was statistically superior to the traditional U-Net algorithm.     

基于辐条视觉特征感知的蓝宝石接种检测方法

针对现阶段蓝宝石晶体生产过程中引晶操作主要依靠人工经验完成,引晶过程时间过长且准确度低的问题,提出了一种基于辐条视觉特征感知的蓝宝石籽晶接种检测方法。此方法使用了量化辐条图案运动轨迹收敛程度的模型,基于运动轨迹收敛模型对辐条图案特征点进行验证分析,将符合收敛条件的熔体稳定状态图像创建图像数据库;然后将实时采集到的图像与数据库中图像进行匹配检测,实现对熔体稳定状态图像的实时准确识别。通过实验对所提出方法的精度进行验证并与实际生产的效果进行对比,实验表明该方法能够满足实际工业生产,其中引晶状态识别准确率达到98.9%,成品良率相比人工引晶提高了28%。     

一种改进的水声正交频分复用稀疏信道时延估计算法

水声正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中,采用传统正交匹配追踪(OMP)方法估计离网格(off-grid)时延时,需要很高的过采样因子和高昂的计算开销.针对传统OMP方法估计离网格时延计算复杂度高的问题,该文借鉴多元线性拟合思想引入路径补偿的概念,提出了一种基于路径补偿的改进OMP时延估计算法,用以补偿从离网格路径向其周围网格位置泄漏的能量,并用补偿距离这一参数来解释路径补偿效果.该算法无需增加过采样因子,仅利用恰当的补偿距离即可实现较好的估计效果,且能在提高估计性能的同时降低计算复杂度.仿真分析与海试结果验证了该方法的优越性.     

局部有源忆阻器电路及其在HR耦合神经元网络中的应用

该文提出一种新型局部有源忆阻器,使用标准非线性理论分析方法分析其特性,并通过直流伏安特性曲线来证明其局部有源性.此外,将局部有源忆阻器用于模拟生物突触,构建了一个局部有源忆阻突触耦合HR神经元网络.理论分析和数值仿真表明,在局部有源忆阻突触的影响下它能够产生多种放电模式和复杂的混沌行为.最后,实现了该局部有源忆阻突触耦合神经网络的模拟等效电路,并由功率模拟(PSIM)电路仿真验证了数值仿真的正确性.     

基于频移键控的仿海豚哨声水声通信技术

针对水下隐蔽声通信的需求,该文提出一种基于频移键控的仿海豚哨声水声通信方法,通过模拟海豚哨声以降低通信信号被发现的概率,从而实现水下隐蔽声通信。该方法将信息调制生成的基带信号以一定比例与海豚哨声信号时频谱轮廓曲线相加获得合成哨声时频谱,再生成合成哨声作为仿生通信信号。接收端提取接收到的合成哨声与本地生成的存在固定频差的海豚哨声相干相乘,经过低通滤波获得频移键控信号进行信息解调,实现仿生通信。通过时频相关系数和Mel倒谱距离分析了通信信号仿生效果。仿真与海试试验验证了该方法的可行性,当码元宽度为0.1s时可在2km距离上实现有效通信,且时频相关系数不低于0.99。该方法调制解调原理简单,系统资源消耗更少,更易于工程实现,为仿生水声通信算法的实际应用提供技术支撑。     

低温反应制备高纯度纳米BN包覆Al2O3和ZrO2粉体

硼酸和尿素在氮气中于650℃反应,生成t-BN-Al2O3和t-BN-ZrO2纳米包覆粉.IR分析表明,反应产物中含CH2和CN基团的杂质属尿素缩聚的复杂产物,经450℃煅烧即可除去.硼酸和尿素完全反应,得到纯净的纳米复合粉体.BN产率大于99%,在复合粉中的含量与计算值吻合.     

含氧膦结构的可溶性感光聚酰亚胺合成与表征

聚酰亚胺(PI)是一类综合性能优异的功能性材料,广泛应用于航天、航空及电子工业等领域[1].感光聚酰亚胺可以采用光刻工艺,大大简化了其应用加工程序[2,3],因而备受人们所青睐.含查尔酮结构的聚合物对UV辐射敏感度高和化学稳定性好,最近被广泛的研究和应用[4～7].主链含查尔酮结     

2020 Roadmap on two-dimensional nanomaterials for environmental catalysis

This roadmap demonstrates a series of two-dimensional nanomaterials, such as graphene, black phosphorus, oxides, layered double hydroxides, chalcogenides, bismuth-based layered compounds, MXenes, metal organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and others, for environmental catalysis.