One‐pot Synthesis of CdS Nanocrystals Hybridized with Single‐Layer Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Exploration of low‐cost and earth‐abundant photocatalysts for highly efficient solar photocatalytic water splitting is of great importance. Although transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) showed outstanding performance as co‐catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), designing TMD‐hybridized photocatalysts with abundant active sites for the HER still remains challenge. Here, a facile one‐pot wet‐chemical method is developed to prepare MS₂–CdS (M=W or Mo) nanohybrids. Surprisedly, in the obtained nanohybrids, single‐layer MS₂ nanosheets with lateral size of 4–10 nm selectively grow on the Cd‐rich (0001) surface of wurtzite CdS nanocrystals. These MS₂–CdS nanohybrids possess a large number of edge sites in the MS₂ layers, which are active sites for the HER. The photocatalytic performances of WS₂–CdS and MoS₂–CdS nanohybrids towards the HER under visible light irradiation (>420 nm) are about 16 and 12 times that of pure CdS, respectively. Importantly, the MS₂–CdS nanohybrids showed enhanced stability after a long‐time test (16 h), and 70 % of catalytic activity still remained.     

Hybrid Fibers Made of Molybdenum Disulfide,Reduced Graphene Oxide,and Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Solid‐State,Flexible, Asymmetric Supercapacitors

One of challenges existing in fiber‐based supercapacitors is how to achieve high energy density without compromising their rate stability. Owing to their unique physical, electronic, and electrochemical properties, two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, e.g., molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and graphene, have attracted increasing research interest and been utilized as electrode materials in energy‐related applications. Herein, by incorporating MoS₂ and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets into a well‐aligned multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) sheet followed by twisting, MoS₂‐rGO/MWCNT and rGO/MWCNT fibers are fabricated, which can be used as the anode and cathode, respectively, for solid‐state, flexible, asymmetric supercapacitors. This fiber‐based asymmetric supercapacitor can operate in a wide potential window of 1.4 V with high Coulombic efficiency, good rate and cycling stability, and improved energy density.     

基于3,5-二((4'-羧基苄基)氧)苯甲酸和4'-(4-吡啶基)-2,2':6',2"-三联吡啶为混合配体的两个配合物的水热合成与晶体结构

在水热条件下,以3,5-二（（4''-羧基苄基）氧）苯甲酸（H3bcb）和4''-（4-吡啶基）-2,2''：6'',2"-三联吡啶（PYTPY）为混合配体构筑了2个过渡金属配合物[Co（H₂bcb）₂（PYTPY）]_n （1）和[Mn（H₂bcb）₂（PYTPY）]_n （2）,利用元素分析、红外光谱以及单晶X射线衍射表征其结构。分析表明配合物1和2为一维链状结构。此外,2个配合物展示了优良的热稳定性。磁化率的测试结果表明,配合物1和2在2 K和8 K以下时展示了反铁磁相互作用。     

甲烷单加氧酶活性化合物的体外重构

甲烷氧化菌中甲烷单加氧酶既能催化甲烷转化为甲醇,也能降解小分子含氯有机物.将甲烷单加氧酶组分进行基因重组表达,利用表达的组分重构酶活性化合物,测定了重构化合物的丙烯环氧化活性及对三氯乙烯和三氯甲烷的降解.结果显示:经过30℃、220 r/min、20 min降解,约有52%的三氯乙烯被降解;在32℃、220 r/min、8 h反应条件下,约有26%的三氯甲烷被降解;表明甲烷单加氧酶亚基组分表达正确,能够在微生物体外重构活性化合物.     

Improved electrochemical properties in the Li3Fe2(PO4)3 by titanium and vanadium doping

Ti⁴⁺ ions were introduced to the VO₄^3- substituted Li₃Fe₂(PO₄)₃ by sol-gel method. Simultaneous substitution of Ti⁴⁺ for Fe³⁺ and VO₄^3- for PO₄^3- in the Li₃Fe₂(PO₄)₃ resulted in a net improvement in the rate capability and cycling performance, as compared with the single Ti⁴⁺ or VO₄^3- substituted compound.     

科研问题向课堂教学的融入

科研向教学的融入常常注重科研成果在教学上的分享,而科研问题在教学中的重要作用却往往被忽视。为提高教学效果,本文尝试在课堂教学中选取科研成果取得过程中遇到的某个问题为切入点,抛转引玉,由学生运用所学知识,通过查阅资料和课堂讨论,思考解决办法。     

全固态Z-Scheme光催化材料应用于二氧化碳还原和光催化分解水研究进展

由两种不同的半导体催化剂和电子传输介质建立的Z-Scheme光催化体系,通过在可见光照射下分别在两种半导体催化剂上进行氧化反应和还原反应,实现两步法光催化分解水和二氧化碳还原.相较于离子型Z-Scheme光催化体系,全固态Z-Scheme光催化体系具有适用范围广、无副反应、光源利用率高等特性,具有更加广阔的应用前景.在此,我们简述了Z-Scheme光催化体系的反应机理,综述了全固态Z-Scheme光催化体系在光催化分解水和光催化还原CO₂领域的应用,并对未来全固态Z-Scheme光催化体系的发展进行了展望.     

离子色谱法测定电子烟烟液中氨的含量

建立了测定电子烟烟液中的氨含量离子色谱法。样品经10 mol·L-1盐酸溶液萃取10 min后,采用Dionex Ion Pac CS16A阳离子交换柱分离,以MSA为淋洗液进梯度洗脱,用电化学检测器检测。氨的质量浓度在0.05~1.0 mg·L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.035μg·g-1,测定下限(10S/N)为0.12μg·g-1。方法用于12种市售品牌电子烟烟液中氨的测定,加标回收率在93.2%~106%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)小于4%。     

“金属的电化学腐蚀”教学设计创新

以学科理解为基础,注重创设真实的教学情境,创新实验设计,使学生在探究暖贴发热原理和钢铁腐蚀原理的过程中获得金属电化学腐蚀的知识,拓展认知结构,学习科学方法,发展科学探究能力。     

Zr改性Ni2P/SBA-15催化剂的制备及其加氢脱氧性能

以正丙醇锆（n）和Zr（SO₄）₂（m）为锆源制备了Zr改性的Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（n）和Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（m）催化剂,并采用XRD、BET、CO吸附、XPS、NH₃程序升温脱附等手段对催化剂进行了表征。以苯并呋喃（BF）为模型化合物,研究了催化剂加氢脱氧（HDO）性能。结果表明,Zr改性后,形成了新的层状结构的ZrP;Zr的引入有助于生成更多、更小粒径的Ni₂P活性相,催化剂的酸强度和酸量均提高。与正丙醇锆相比,Zr（SO₄）₂为锆源能够获得比表面积大、酸性强、酸量大的催化剂,得到更多的ZrP相、更小粒径的Ni₂P晶粒,暴露更多的Ni活性位点。Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（n）和Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（m）的BF HDO产率分别为71.5%和85.9%,较Ni₂P/SBA-15分别提高了14.0%和28.4%。催化剂HDO活性、脱氧产物选择性和产率大小顺序为：Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（m） > Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（n） > Ni₂P/SBA-15。