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81.
Bhattacharyya S Salvetat JP Roy D Heresanu V Launois P Saboungi ML 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2007,(41):4248-4250
Highly ordered self-assembled multi-layer structures with denatured collagen wrapped single wall carbon nanotubes and surfactant systems were obtained through bioinspired methodology. 相似文献
82.
Lavison G Bertoncini F Thiébaut D Beziau JF Carrazé B Valette P Duteurtre X 《Journal of chromatography. A》2007,1161(1-2):300-307
Car lubricant additives are added to mineral or synthetic base stocks to improve viscosity and resistance to oxidation of the lubricant and to limit wear of engines. Their total amount in the commercial lubricant varies from a few percents to 20-25%. As they belong to various chemical classes and are added to a very complex medium, the base stock, their detailed chromatographic analysis is very difficult and time consuming as it should involve sample treatment and preparative scale separations in order to simplify the sample. The aim of this work is to determine the feasibility of the separation of low molecular weight lubricant additives using various packed columns with pure CO(2) as a mobile phase to enable implementation of flame ionisation detection as universal detector. This is part of a hypernated system including more sophisticated specific detectors, such as AED, FTIR or MS to obtain detailed structural information of compounds. This paper is devoted to the comparison of some stationary phases supposed to provide hydrocarbon group type separation (silica and normal phase) or separations on alkyl-bonded silica in non-aqueous mode of some selected classes of additives in test mixtures or in base stocks. Adsorption chromatography allows partial separation of additives from the base stocks while the direct elution of test additives can only be obtained on reversed phase supports having a very efficient silanol group protection so the interaction of the more polar compounds is much reduced. A two-dimensional scheme of analysis is also described. It combines adsorption chromatography to separate most of the polar additives from the base stock and alkyl-bonded silica for more detailed separation of the additives. However, overlapping between groups of compounds and the lack of resolution between some additives and the base stock should be addressed by the implementing of selective detectors. 相似文献
83.
Moriou C Thomas M Adeline MT Martin MT Chiaroni A Pochet S Fourrey JL Favre A Clivio P 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2007,72(1):43-50
The 3'-N-sulfamate analogue of thymidylyl(3'-5')thymidine (TnsoT, 1) exhibits a preference for a C3'-endo conformation in the solution and solid states. Its photochemical behavior in solution is compared to that of its natural counterpart, thymidylyl(3'-5')thymidine (TpT, 2), to get further insight into the significance of the C3'-endo conformation on the photoproduct formation at the single-stranded dinucleotide level. Irradiation at 254 nm of 1 led to the same type of photoproducts as observed with 2. However, 1 was significantly more photoreactive than 2, and accordingly, the initial rate of photoproduct formation was enhanced in accordance with its propensity to base stack compared to 2. The corresponding quantum yields were determined and showed that the enhancement factor (1 compared to 2) is moderate for the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) (1.26) and much higher for the (6-4) photoproduct (1.8). These data strongly suggest that the CPD and (6-4) photoproduct arise from distinct minor stacked conformations. 相似文献
84.
AFM imaging of immobilized fibronectin: does the surface conjugation scheme affect the protein orientation/conformation? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Vallières K Chevallier P Sarra-Bournet C Turgeon S Laroche G 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2007,23(19):9745-9751
Covalent grafting of biomolecules could potentially improve the biocompatibility of materials. However, these molecules have to be grafted in an active conformation to play their biological roles. The present work aims at verifying if the surface conjugation scheme of fibronectin (FN) affects the protein orientation/conformation and activity. FN was grafted onto plasma-treated fused silica using two different crosslinkers, glutaric anhydride (GA) or sulfosuccinimidyl 4-(p-maleimidophenyl)butyrate (SMPB). Fused silica was chosen as a model surface material because it presents a roughness well below the dimensions of FN, therefore allowing AFM analyses with appropriate depth resolution. Cell adhesion assays were performed to evaluate the bioactivity of grafted FN. Cell adhesion was found to be higher on GA-FN than on SMPB-FN. Since FN-radiolabeling assays allowed us to rule out a surface concentration effect (approximately 80 ng/cm2 of FN on both crosslinkers), it was hypothesized that FN adopted a more active conformation when grafted via GA. In this context, the FN conformation on both crosslinkers was investigated through AFM and contact angle analyses. Before FN grafting, GA- and SMPB-modified surfaces had a similar water contact angle, topography, and roughness. However, water contact angles of GA-FN and SMPB-FN surfaces clearly show differences in surface hydrophilicity, therefore indicating a dependence of protein organization toward the conjugation strategy. Furthermore, AFM results demonstrated that surface topography and roughness of both FN-conjugated surfaces were significantly different. Distribution analysis of FN height and diameter confirmed this observation as the protein dimensions were significantly larger on GA than SMPB. This study confirmed that the covalent immobilization scheme of biomolecules influences their conformation and, hence, their activity. Consequently, selecting the appropriate conjugation strategy is of paramount importance in retaining molecule bioactivity. 相似文献
85.
This paper presents a new stochastic heuristic to reveal some structures inherent in large graphs, by displaying spatially separate clusters of highly connected vertex subsets on a two-dimensional grid. The algorithm employed is inspired by a biological model of ant behavior; it proceeds by local optimisations, and requires neither global criteria, nor any a priori knowledge of the graph. It is presented here as a preliminary phase in a recent approach to graph partitioning problems: transforming the combinatorial problem (minimising edge cuts) into one of clustering by constructing some bijective mapping between the graph vertices and points in some geometric space. After reviewing different embeddings proposed in the literature, we define a dissimilarity coefficient on the vertex set which translates the graph's interesting structural properties into distances on the grid, and incorporate it into the clustering heuristic. The heuristic's performance on a well-known class of pseudo-random graphs is assessed according to several metric and combinatorial criteria. 相似文献
86.
Fabrice Domingues Dos Santos Pascale Fabre Xavier Drujon Gilles Meunier Ludwik Leibler 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2000,38(23):2989-3000
Structured latexes provide a promising route to hard coatings without the use of coalescing aids. We studied the thermomechanical properties of films from structured soft‐core/hard‐shell hydrophobic latexes. We found that the mechanical properties of these films were closely related to their very particular organization. When the rigid phase was continuous, whatever its volume fraction, the films exhibited a high elastic modulus. An analysis of the viscoelastic properties of the films provided a good method for obtaining information about the interphase between the hard shell and soft core of the latex particles. By varying the film structure through annealing or the particle composition (core/shell ratio, core crosslinking, etc.), we were able to tune the mechanical properties of the films. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 2989–3000, 2000 相似文献
87.
88.
Pascale De Meuter Jo Amelrijckx Hubert Rahier Bruno Van Mele 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1999,37(20):2881-2892
The slow isothermal crystallization of concentrated amorphous starch systems is measured by Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (MDSC). It can be followed continuously by the evolution (stepwise decrease) of the MDSC heat capacity signal (Cp), as confirmed with data from X-ray diffractometry, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and conventional Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Isothermal MDSC measurements enable a systematic study of the slow crystallization process of a concentrated starch system, such as a pregelatinized waxy corn starch with 24 wt % water and 76 wt % starch. After isothermal crystallization, a broad melting endotherm with a bimodal distribution is observed, starting about 10°C beyond the crystallization temperature. The bulk glass transition temperature (Tg) decreases about 15°C during crystallization. The isothermal crystallization rate goes through a maximum as a function of crystallization time. The maximum rate is characterized by the time at the local extreme in the derivative of Cp (tmax), or by the time to reach half the decrease in Cp (t1/2). Both tmax and t1/2 show a bell-shaped curve as a function of crystallization temperature. The temperature of maximum crystallization rate, for the system studied, lies as high as 75°C. This is approximately 65°C above the initial value of Tg. Normalized Cp curves indicate the temperature dependence of the starch crystallization mechanism. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 2881–2892, 1999 相似文献
89.
Alain Bekaert Pascale Lemoine Jean Daniel Brion Bernard Viossat 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2005,61(2):m76-m77
The title compound, tris[(R)‐2‐hydroxypropanamide‐κ2O,O′]zinc(II) tetrabromozincate, [Zn(C3H7NO2)3][ZnBr4], contains one monomeric six‐coordinate zinc complex cation and one tetrahedral [ZnBr4]2− anion. Both ZnII atoms lie on threefold axes. Coordination in the cation occurs via the amide and hydroxy O atoms [Zn—O = 2.074 (5) and 2.073 (6) Å] and has a distorted octahedral geometry, with cis‐O—Zn—O angles in the range 76.2 (2)–109.2 (2)°. In the crystal structure, the cations and anions are linked by N—H⋯Br and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating a three‐dimensional network. 相似文献
90.
Silu Wang Johan Jacquemin Pascale Husson Christopher Hardacre Margarida F. Costa Gomes 《The Journal of chemical thermodynamics》2009,41(11):1206-1214
The volumetric properties of seven {water + ionic liquid} binary mixtures have been studied as a function of temperature from (293 to 343) K. The phase behaviour of the systems was first investigated using a nephelometric method and excess molar volumes were calculated from densities measured using an Anton Paar densimeter and fitted using a Redlich–Kister type equation. Two ionic liquids fully miscible with water (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C1C4Im][BF4]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([C1C2Im][EtSO4])) and five ionic liquids only partially miscible with water (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C1C2Im][NTf2]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C1C4Im][NTf2]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C1C4Im][PF6]), 1-butyl-3-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C1C4Pyrro][NTf2]), and butyltrimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([N4111][NTf2])) were chosen. Small excess volumes (less than 0.5 cm3 · mol?1 at 298 K) are obtained compared with the molar volumes of the pure components (less than 0.3% of the molar volume of the pure ionic liquid). For all the considered systems, except for {[C1C2Im][EtSO4] + water}, positive excess molar volumes were calculated. Finally, an increase of the non-ideality character is observed for all the systems as temperature increases. 相似文献