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311.
K. Buse H. Hesse U. van Stevendaal S. Loheide D. Sabbert E. Krätzig 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1994,59(6):563-567
Photoconductivities and photovoltaic currents of ruthenium-doped KNbO3 are orders of magnitude larger than that of undoped and ion-doped crystals. KNbO3:Ru is very sensitive for holographic recording with red light and the photovoltaic current increases sublinearly with light intensity. 相似文献
312.
Lukas Schäfer Konstantin Skokov Fernando Maccari Iliya Radulov David Koch Andrey Mazilkin Esmaeil Adabifiroozjaei Leopoldo Molina-Luna Oliver Gutfleisch 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(4):2208821
Permanent magnets based on neodymium-iron-boron (Nd-Fe-B) alloys provide the highest performance and energy density, finding usage in many high-tech applications. Their magnetic performance relies on the intrinsic properties of the hard-magnetic Nd2Fe14B phase combined with control over the microstructure during production. In this study, a novel magnetic hardening mechanism is described in such materials based on a solid-state phase transformation. Using modified Nd-Fe-B alloys of the type Nd16Febal-x-y-zCoxMoyCuzB7 for the first time it is revealed how the microstructural transformation from the metastable Nd2Fe17Bx phase to the hard-magnetic Nd2Fe14B phase can be thermally controlled, leading to an astonishing increase in coercivity from ≈200 kAm−1 to almost 700 kAm−1. Furthermore, after thermally treating a quenched sample of Nd16Fe56Co20Mo2Cu2B7, the presence of Mo leads to the formation of fine FeMo2B2 precipitates, in the range from micrometers down to a few nanometers. These precipitates are responsible for the refinement of the Nd2Fe14B grains and so for the high coercivity. This mechanism can be incorporated into existing manufacturing processes and can prove to be applicable to novel fabrication routes for Nd-Fe-B magnets, such as additive manufacturing. 相似文献
313.
Wanwan Qiu Jenny Gehlen Margherita Bernero Christian Gehre Gian Nutal Schädli Ralph Müller Xiao-Hua Qin 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(20):2214393
Tomographic volumetric bioprinting (VBP) enables fast photofabrication of cell-laden hydrogel constructs in one step, addressing the limitations of conventional layer-by-layer additive manufacturing. However, existing biomaterials that fulfill the physicochemical requirements of VBP are limited to gelatin-based photoresins of high polymer concentrations. The printed microenvironments are predominantly static and stiff, lacking sufficient capacity to support 3D cell growth. Here a dynamic resin based on thiol–ene photo-clickable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and thermo-sensitive sacrificial gelatin for fast VBP of functional ultrasoft cell-laden hydrogel constructs within 7–15 s is reported. Using gelatin allows VBP of permissive hydrogels with low PVA contents of 1.5%, providing a stress-relaxing environment for fast cell spreading, 3D osteogenic differentiation of embedded human mesenchymal stem cells and matrix mineralization. Additionally, site-specific immobilization of molecules-of-interest inside a PVA hydrogel is achieved by 3D tomographic thiol–ene photopatterning. This technique may enable spatiotemporal control of cell-material interactions and guides in vitro tissue formation using programmed cell-friendly light. Altogether, this study introduces a synthetic dynamic photoresin enabling fast VBP of functional ultrasoft hydrogel constructs with well-defined physicochemical properties and high efficiency. 相似文献
314.
Ye Liang Yan Susu Zhen Jialing Han Tian Ferdinando Hany Seppänen Tapio Alasaarela Esko 《Mobile Networks and Applications》2022,27(4):1688-1699
Mobile Networks and Applications - In recent years, physical violence detection has become a research hotspot in the area of human activity recognition. With the improvement and full coverage of... 相似文献
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Hyperfine interaction techniques like Mössbauer effect or perturbed angular correlation are commonly applied to study the structure and properties of impurity-defect complexes in solids. It is often difficult to resolve a certain defect structure unambiguously with these techniques, because an absolute determination of the lattice site of the probe atoms is not straight-forward. The emission channeling technique allows the direct determination of lattice sites of radioactive impurity atoms, incorporated into single crystalline solids. The channeling effects of electrons, positrons or alpha particles, emitted from radioactive impurities are measured along different crystal axes and planes. From the measured anisotropic emission distributions the lattice sites of the emitting atoms can be determined. Emission channeling can be applied to a large variety of different probe atoms. Also, rather low impurity concentrations, comparable to those typically required for hyperfine interaction techniques, are sufficient. In this contribution, the principles of the emission channeling technique, the experimental requirements and the quantitative analysis of emission channeling spectra are reviewed. The capabilities and possibilities, which the emission channeling technique offers, are highlighted by three recent experimental studies. First, studies of the diffusion of Ag in CdTe using transmutation doping with the electron emitting isotopes107mAg and109mAg are described. Second, lattice location studies of As in diamond, which is a potential n-type dopant in this material, will be discussed. Third, an experiment is described to study the lattice location of oversized impurities after low dose implantation into Fe. In this experiment, the unique decay properties of221Fr and221 Ra are utilized to determine the lattice sites of five different impurity atoms in a single emission channeling measurement. 相似文献
320.
Espy MA Dehnhard D Edwards CM Palarczyk M Langenbrunner JL Davis B Burleson GR Blanchard S Gibbs WR Lail B Nelson B Park BK Zhao Q Cummings WJ Delheij PP Jennings BK Henderson R Häusser O Thiessen D Brash E Jones MK Larson B Brinkmöller B Maeda K Morris CL O'Donnell JM Penttilä S Swenson D Tupa D Bennhold C Kamalov SS 《Physical review letters》1996,76(20):3667-3670