The entrance channel effect on the synthesis of a superheavy element 296119

In this study,we investigated the entrance channel effect on the evaporation residue cross section of a su-perheavy element 296119.Using 29 projectile-target co...     

Investigation of Aqueous Diethanolamine Performance in Prediction of Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbonyl Sulfide Removal from Liquefied Propane

Journal of Solution Chemistry - Hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide represent undesirable impurities in a variety of industrial gas streams such as natural gas, liquefied natural gas and...     

Effect of the size of the charged group on the properties of alkoxylated NFCs

The impact of the size of the charged group on the properties of alkoxylated NFC was studied by two chloroalkyl acid reagents. It was found that the employment of the larger 2-chloropropionic acid reagent leads to improved properties, e.g. higher fraction of nano-sized materials, and significantly better redispersion as compared to when the smaller monochloroacetic acid was employed. The differences in the impacts of the different reagents were hypothesized to be due to a more efficient disruption of the cohesion between the nanofibrils when a larger charged group was employed.     

Increasing proteome coverage for gel‐based human tear proteome maps: towards a more comprehensive profiling

In situations where the molecular mechanism of many ocular disorders is unknown, owing to the difficulties associated with sampling from ocular tissues, human tear film can be a promising medium in ophthalmic research. The present study demonstrates an in‐depth gel‐based proteome optimization survey to approach more appropriate and efficient systems in various situations such as normal and dry‐eye syndromes. Therefore, systematic and statistical evaluations were performed on different preparation methods, including acetone, acetone–methanol, chloroform–methanol–water, trichloroacetic acid (TCA)–acetone, tri‐n‐butylphosphate–acetone–methanol precipitations and ammonium sulfate fractionation at three different percentages of saturations (50, 70 and 90%). Methods were compared quantitatively on both one‐ and two‐dimensional patterns. Some important parameters such as total protein recovery yield, densitometric analysis of some protein contaminants, banding patterns and total spot numbers along with statistical models for proper clustering were considered. Findings revealed noticeable impacts of preparation methods on all aspects of gel‐based separations as well as recovery yield (ranging from 5.29 ± 0.96 to 22.56 ± 1.77 µg/mm) and banding and pattern resolution. In addition to all these, the most important point is that the total protein spot number on the final two‐dimensional patterns (varied from 528.00 ± 19.00 to 657.00 ± 21.52 for different methods) were also noticeably increased in comparison with previously published reports (maximum of 250 spots), which is essential for a more comprehensive analysis. Increasing the proteome coverage in the present study is supposed to originate from improved solubility and effective rehydration during the sample application and isoelectric focusing (IEF) procedure along with proper sample preparation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An Easy One-Pot Procedure for the Synthesis of N -Sulfonyl Phosphorous Ylides and Sulfonyl Iminophosphoranes

Reaction of triphenylphosphine and an electron deficient acetylenic ester in the presence of strong N–H acid such as alkyl and aryl sulfamides or acetamide produces phosphorous ylides at room temperature in CH₂Cl₂. The aryl sulfamide phosphoranes undergo a smooth transformation reaction in boiling toluene and produce iminophosphoranes.     

Advanced satellite concepts for future generation VSAT networks

Advanced communication networks that use very-small-aperture terminals (VSATs) are considered. The techniques and technologies suitable for powerful satellites and system architectures for future VSAT networks are discussed. These include high effective isotropic radiated power, multiple-beam satellite antennas, and various access techniques. Examples of systems planned by the government and private industry are described     

Formation of Superheavy Elements: Study Based on Dynamical Approach

Using multi-dimensional Langevin equations for the probability distribution of the distance between the surfaces of two approaching nuclei, we have studied the formation of superheavy elements via calculation of evaporation and fission cross sections of these elements. Evaporation residue cross sections have been calculated for the 1n, 2n, 3n, 4n, and 5n evaporation channels using one and four dimensional Langevin equations for the ⁴⁸Ca+²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ²³⁸U, ²³⁷Np, ^{239,240,242,244}Pu, ²⁴³Am, ^245,248Cm, ²⁴⁹Bk, and ²⁴⁹Cf reactions. Our results show that with increasing dimension of Langevin equations the evaporation residue cross section is increased. Also, obtained results based on fourdimensional Langevin are in better agreement with experimental data in comparison with one-dimensional model.     

Application of Mie theory and fractal models to determine the optical and surface roughness of Ag–Cu thin films

Thin films of Ag/Cu were deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering on (001)-oriented Si and glass substrates for various deposition times (4–24 min). These films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and a power law scaling was performed on the obtained micrographs to investigate the self-affine nature of the sample morphology, which is indicative of a fractal structure. We applied the Higuchi’s algorithm to the AFM data to determine the fractal dimension of each sample, and the Hurst exponents were computed. The deposition time dependences of these parameters and the grain size distributions estimated from the UV–visible spectra using the Mie theory, allowed us to describe a particle formation mechanism during the deposition process, in which the length of continuous paths of conductive particles increases as the deposition time is increased. In agreement with this explanation, the electrical resistance decreased with the increment of the deposition time.     

Hybrid flexible flowshop problems: Models and solution methods

This paper considers the problem of hybrid flowshop scheduling. First, we review the shortcoming of the available model in the literature. Then, four different mathematical models are developed in form of mixed integer linear programming models. A complete experiment is conducted to compare the models for performance based on the size and computational complexities. Besides the models, the paper proposes a novel hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm equipped with an acceptance criterion and a local search heuristic. The features provide a fine balance of diversification and intensification capabilities for the algorithm. Using Taguchi method, the algorithm is fine tuned. Then, two numerical experiments are performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm with three particle swarm optimization algorithms available in the scheduling literature and one well-known iterated local search algorithm in the hybrid flowshop literature. All the results show the high performance of the proposed algorithm.