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261.
An M-type atomic system with two closely spaced upper levels interacting with the same modes of the vacuum radiation field exhibits the interference effect between the spontaneous decay channels. The phenomenon of this decay-interference along with the dynamically induced quantum interference created in the system by two coherent fields can change significantly the spontaneous emission spectrum. Our results highlight large enhancement of ultranarrow spectral components within the spontaneous emission line shape in various conditions. We have shown the occurrence of two contradistinctive phenomena: compression of two spectral lines towards their mid-position and the spreading of two lines away from each other under different dynamic conditions. The phenomenon of suppression of spectral line and the quenching of spontaneous emission have also been focused. 相似文献
262.
Kumari Rinki Pradip K. Dutta Andy J. Hunt James H. Clark Duncan J. Macquarrie 《Macromolecular Symposia》2009,277(1):36-42
A novel chitosan-formaldehyde porous derivative (scaffolds) was prepared by reaction of 85% deacetylated chitosan with 37% aq. formaldehyde using supercritical carbon dioxide (sc. CO2). Prior to reaction, the chitosan hydrogel was prepared in 1% aq. acetic acid (AcOH) and formaldehyde. The prepared hydrogel was subjected to solvent exchange. The identity of the Schiff base was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The chitosan-derivative was evaluated by thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and porosimetry analysis. Overall, the sc. CO2 assisted chitosan derivative opens new perspectives as biomedical material. 相似文献
263.
Syntheses, characterizations, electrochemistry and catalytic properties for styrene epoxidation of three manganese(III) compounds [MnIIIL1(H2O)(MeOH)](ClO4) (1) [MnIIIL1(N3)(H2O)]·dmf (2) [MnIIIL1(Cl)(H2O)] (3) derived from the Schiff base compartmental ligand N,N′-o-phenylenebis(3-ethoxysalicylaldimine) (H2L1) are reported. The three compounds are characterized by elemental analyses, IR, mass and UV–Vis spectra and conductance values. Single crystal X-ray structures of 1 and 2 have been determined. The structures of 1 and 2 show that these are mononuclear compounds having a salen type structure. In both structures, a dinuclear species is formed by bifurcated hydrogen bonding involving coordinated water molecule. The coordination of chloride in 3 is shown by conductance measurements. The compounds have also been characterized by UV–Vis and mass spectroscopic studies. Cyclic voltammetric and square wave voltammetric studies of the three compounds reveal that these undergo Mn(III)/Mn(II) reduction reversibly with the order of the ease of reduction as 3 > 2 > 1. This order has been explained proposing the composition of active species in solution. Catalytic properties for epoxidation of styrene by all the three complexes using PhIO and NaOCl as oxidant have been studied. The order of both the styrene conversion and styrene epoxidation using the three title compounds is 3 > 1 > 2. Again, it has been observed that more efficient conversion and epoxidation take place when PhIO is used as oxidant. 相似文献
264.
Tapas Goswami S.K. Karthick Kumar Aveek Dutta Debabrata Goswami 《Chemical physics》2009,360(1-3):47-52
We present the effect of chirping a femtosecond laser pulse on the fragmentation of n-propyl benzene. An enhancement of an order of magnitude for the relative yields of and in the case of negatively chirped pulses and in the case of positively chirped pulses with respect to the transform-limited pulse indicates that in some fragmentation channel, coherence of the laser field plays an important role. For the relative yield of all other heavier fragment ions, resulting from the interaction of the intense laser field with the molecule, there is no such enhancement effect with the sign of chirp, within experimental errors. The importance of the laser phase is further reinforced through a direct comparison of the fragmentation results with the second harmonic of the chirped laser pulse with identical bandwidth. 相似文献
265.
A wide variety of [1,2,3]triazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzoxazines were synthesized through palladium-copper catalyzed reactions of 1-azido-2-(prop-2-ynyloxy)benzene with aryl/vinyl iodides. A plausible reaction mechanism has also been proposed. 相似文献
266.
We report a study on the effect of seeding on glass substrates with zinc oxide nanocrystallites towards the hydrothermal growth
of ZnO nanorods from a zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine solution at 95 °C. The seeding was done with pre-synthesized
ZnO nanoparticles in isopropanol with diameters of about 6–7 nm as well as the direct growth of ZnO nanocrystallites on the
substrates by the hydrolysis of pre-deposited zinc acetate film. The nanorods grown on ZnO nanoparticle seeds show uniform
dimensions throughout the substrate but were not homogenously aligned vertically from the substrate and appeared like nanoflowers
with nanorod petals. Nanorods grown from the crystallites formed in situ on the substrates displayed wide variations in dimension
depending upon the preheating and annealing conditions. Annealing the seed crystals below 350 °C led to scattered growth directions
whereupon preferential orientation of the nanorods perpendicular to the substrates was observed. High surface to volume ratio
which is vital for gas sensing applications can be achieved by this simple hydrothermal growth of nanorods and the rod height
and rod morphology can be controlled through the growth parameters. 相似文献
267.
Thomas D. Foust Andy Aden Abhijit Dutta Steven Phillips 《Cellulose (London, England)》2009,16(4):547-565
With the world’s focus on rapidly deploying second generation biofuels technologies, there exists today a good deal of interest
in how yields, economics, and environmental impacts of the various conversion processes of lignocellulosic biomass to transportation
fuels compare. Although there is a good deal of information regarding these conversion processes, this information is typically
very difficult to use on a comparison basis because different underlying assumptions, such as feedstock costs, plant size,
co-product credits or assumed state of technology, have been utilized. In this study, a rigorous comparison of different biomass
to transportation fuels conversion processes was performed with standard underlying economic and environmental assumptions
so that exact comparisons can be made. This study looked at promising second-generation conversion processes utilizing biochemical
and thermochemical gasification technologies on both a current and an achievable state of technology in 2012. The fundamental
finding of this study is that although the biochemical and thermochemical processes to ethanol analyzed have their individual
strengths and weaknesses, the two processes have very comparable yields, economics, and environmental impacts. Hence, this
study concludes that based on this analysis there is not a distinct economic or environmental impact difference between biochemical
and thermochemical gasification processes for second generation ethanol production. 相似文献
268.
Mrinal Raghupathi 《Integral Equations and Operator Theory》2009,63(1):103-125
We study the Nevanlinna-Pick problem for a class of subalgebras of H
∞. This class includes algebras of analytic functions on embedded disks, the algebras of finite codimension in H
∞ and the algebra of bounded analytic functions on a multiply connected domain. Our approach uses a distance formula that generalizes
Sarason’s [23] work. We also investigate the difference between scalar-valued and matrix-valued interpolation through the
use of C
*-envelopes.
This research was partially supported by the NSF grant DMS 0300128. This research was completed as part of my Ph.D. dissertation
at the University of Houston. 相似文献
269.
We address asymptotic analysis of option pricing in a regime switching market where the risk free interest rate, growth rate and the volatility of the stocks depend on a finite state Markov chain. We study two variations of the chain namely, when the chain is moving very fast compared to the underlying asset price and when it is moving very slow. Using quadratic hedging and asymptotic expansion, we derive corrections on the locally risk minimizing option price. 相似文献
270.
Facchetti A Beverina L van der Boom ME Dutta P Evmenenko G Shukla AD Stern CE Pagani GA Marks TJ 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2006,128(6):2142-2153
The new dibranched, heterocyclic "push-pull" chromophores bis{1-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-[2-(N-methylpyrrol-5-yl)]ethane}methane (1), 1-(pyrid-4-yl)-2-(N-methyl-5-formylpyrrol-2-yl)ethylene (2), {1-(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-2-[2-(N-methylpyrrol-5-yl)]ethane}{(1-(pyridin-4-yl)-2-[2-(N-methylpyrrol-5-yl)]ethane}methane (3), N-methyl-2-[1-(N-methylpyrid-4-yl)ethen-2-yl]-5-[pyrid-4-yl]ethen-2-yl]pyrrole iodide (4), bis{1-(N-methyl-4-pyridinio)-2-[2-(N-methylpyrrol-5-yl)]ethane}methane iodide (5), and N-methyl-2,5-[1-(N-methylpyrid-4-yl)ethen-2-yl]pyrrole iodide (6) have been synthesized and characterized. The neutral (1 and 2) and monomethyl salts (3 and 4) undergo chemisorptive reaction with iodobenzyl-functionalized surfaces to afford chromophore monolayers SA-1/SA-2 and SA-3/SA-4, respectively. Molecular structures and other physicochemical properties have been defined by (1)H NMR, optical spectroscopy, and XRD. Thin-film characterization by a variety of techniques (optical spectroscopy, specular X-ray reflectivity, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and angle-dependent polarized second harmonic generation) underscore the importance of the chromophore molecular architecture as well as film growth method on film microstructure and optical/electrooptic response. 相似文献