全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2431篇 |
免费 | 65篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1226篇 |
晶体学 | 10篇 |
力学 | 47篇 |
数学 | 223篇 |
物理学 | 709篇 |
无线电 | 295篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 15篇 |
2019年 | 29篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 36篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 46篇 |
2013年 | 89篇 |
2012年 | 105篇 |
2011年 | 137篇 |
2010年 | 60篇 |
2009年 | 46篇 |
2008年 | 109篇 |
2007年 | 113篇 |
2006年 | 123篇 |
2005年 | 90篇 |
2004年 | 89篇 |
2003年 | 77篇 |
2002年 | 90篇 |
2001年 | 66篇 |
2000年 | 75篇 |
1999年 | 42篇 |
1998年 | 32篇 |
1997年 | 43篇 |
1996年 | 46篇 |
1995年 | 29篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 50篇 |
1992年 | 46篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 40篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 43篇 |
1987年 | 34篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 34篇 |
1984年 | 34篇 |
1983年 | 27篇 |
1982年 | 24篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 25篇 |
1978年 | 29篇 |
1977年 | 27篇 |
1976年 | 34篇 |
1975年 | 28篇 |
1974年 | 25篇 |
1973年 | 35篇 |
1967年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有2510条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
111.
Nitrite reduction by a copper complex featuring a proton-responsive tripodal ligand is demonstrated. Gaseous nitric oxide was confirmed as the sole NOX by-product in quantitative yield. DFT calculations predict that nitrite reduction occurs via a proton and electron transfer process mediated by the ligand. The reported mechanism parallels nitrite reduction by copper nitrite reductase. 相似文献
112.
Timothy P. Moneypenny II Huiying Liu Anna Yang Ian D. Robertson Jeffrey S. Moore 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2017,55(18):2935-2948
Alkene metathesis has proven to be a powerful method for carbon carbon bond formation, particularly in the field of polymer and materials science. The availability of various tailor-made catalysts not only enables the synthesis of well-defined polymers but facilitates the development of functional, stimuli–responsive materials. This highlight, dedicated to Professor Robert Grubbs on his 75th birthday, focuses on the various research efforts in our group utilizing both alkene and alkyne metatheses and the interesting materials derived from them. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 2935–2948 相似文献
113.
Back Cover: Large‐Scale Synthesis of Helicene‐Like Molecules for the Design of Enantiopure Thin Films with Strong Chiroptical Activity (Chem. Eur. J. 10/2016)
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
114.
115.
Large‐Scale Synthesis of Helicene‐Like Molecules for the Design of Enantiopure Thin Films with Strong Chiroptical Activity
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Dr. Amina Bensalah‐Ledoux Delphine Pitrat Thibault Reynaldo Dr. Monika Srebro‐Hooper Barry Moore II Prof. Jochen Autschbach Dr. Jeanne Crassous Prof. Stéphan Guy Dr. Laure Guy 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(10):3333-3346
Helicenes are fascinating molecules owing to their unusual properties and applications in many fields from catalysis to organic electronics. Herein, we report a straightforward pathway for the synthesis of helicene‐like molecules on a gram scale in an enantiopure form. Thin‐film materials with good propagating optical properties and very high chiroptical responses have been grown by using pulsed laser ablation without altering the structure or the enantiopurity of the molecules. Moreover, electronic and vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopies coupled with theoretical calculations enabled some dependences of the chiroptical properties with the structure to be highlighted, for example, effects of rigidification, aromatization, or the state of matter (liquid versus solid). 相似文献
116.
117.
Abstract A series of condensation polymer intermediates, which included several new compositions, was prepared from 5-t-butyl-m-xylene (I) so that the effect of the bulky t-butyl group on polymer properties could be determined. Compound (I) was oxidized with nitric acid to obtain 5-t-butyl-isophthalic acid (II), which was converted successively to the diacid chloride, the diamide, the dinitrile, and finally to 5-t-butyl-m-xylene-α,α′-diamine (VI); the overall yield was 80%. The dimethyl ester of (II) was prepared and converted to 5-t-butyl-m-xylene-α,α′-diol (VIII), a new composition, in 79.5% overall yield; the diphenyl ester was also prepared. The sodium salt of (II) was catalytically reduced to obtain 5-t-butyl-1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (IIa) in 95% yield. (IIa) was converted successively to the diacid chloride, the diamide, the dinitrile, and finally to 5-t-butyl-1,3-cyclohexanebis(methylamine) (VIa), a new composition; the overall yield was 37%. (IIa) was also converted to the dimethyl ester and finally to 5-t-butyl-1,3-cyclohexanedimethanol (VIIIa), a new composition; the overall yield was 64%. Condensation polymers were prepared from the intermediates (II), (IIa), (VI), (VIa), (VIII), and (VIIIa). These polymers had higher glass transition temperatures (Tg) than corresponding polymers containing no t-butyl groups. This general effect of the t-butyl group to increase the Tg value of the polymer was noted in all polymers prepared, regardless of whether the intermediate carrying the t-butyl group was a diacid, a diol, or a diamine, or whether the polymer was a polyamide, a polyester, or a polyurethane. 相似文献
118.
Nathaniel W. Alcock Adam J. Clarke William Errington Ana Maria Josceanu Peter Moore Simon C. Rawle 《Supramolecular chemistry》2013,25(3-4):281-291
Abstract A series of azamacrocycles which have been N-functionalised with pendent pyridylmethyl-(pyCH2-), bipyridylmethyl-(bipyCH2-) and terpyridylmethyl- (terpyCH2-) arms have been synthesised and characterised, and some of their coordination chemistry with transition metal ions is reported. By attaching the pendent-arms at the 5- rather than the 6-position of the py, bipy and terpy, new ligands are generated which can be used to form polynuclear metal complexes in a controlled and systematic fashion. Fluorescent pH and transition metal ion sensors have been developed by reacting the azamacrocyclic N-pendent bipyCH2 arm(s) with cis-[Ru(bipy)2Cl2], to give macrocycles with up to four attached [Ru(bipy)3]2+ groups. That based on 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (9N3), with three attached [Ru(bipy)3]2+ groups, has a first photo excited state pKa of 7.1, and is a useful fluorescent sensor for physiological pH at below micromolar concentrations. The analogous derivative of cyclam (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) carrying four [Ru(bipy)3]2+ groups has a first photo excited state pKa of 5.7, allowing kinetic and thermodynamic fluorescence studies of metal ion uptake by an azamacrocycle at neutral pH without complications from protonated species. A pre-organised hexadentate tris(2,2′-bipyridyl) chelating ligand, 1,4,7-tris(2′,2″-bipyridyl-5′-ylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (L) has been developed, and crystal structures of mononuclear complexes [M(LH)]3+ (M = Ru, Cu) are reported. In [M(LH)]3+ the azamacrocyclic N-atoms are non-coordinating to M, but have a very high affinity for a single proton trapped in the macrocyclic cavity. An analogous and potentially nonadentate ligand has been developed based on 9N3 with three N-pendent terpyCH2-arms. 相似文献
119.
Chhavi Bhardwaj Jerry F. Moore Yang Cui Gerald L. Gasper Hans C. Bernstein Ross P. Carlson Luke Hanley 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2013,405(22):6969-6977
Laser desorption postionization mass spectrometry (LDPI-MS) imaging is demonstrated with a 10.5 eV photon energy source for analysis and imaging of small endogenous molecules within intact biofilms. Biofilm consortia comprised of a synthetic Escherichia coli K12 coculture engineered for syntrophic metabolite exchange are grown on membranes and then used to test LDPI-MS analysis and imaging. Both E. coli strains displayed many similar peaks in LDPI-MS up to m/z 650, although some observed differences in peak intensities were consistent with the appearance of byproducts preferentially expressed by one strain. The relatively low mass resolution and accuracy of this specific LDPI-MS instrument prevented definitive assignment of species to peaks, but strategies are discussed to overcome this shortcoming. The results are also discussed in terms of desorption and ionization issues related to the use of 10.5 eV single-photon ionization, with control experiments providing additional mechanistic information. Finally, 10.5 eV LDPI-MS was able to collect ion images from intact, electrically insulating biofilms at ~100 μm spatial resolution. Spatial resolution of ~20 μm was possible, although a relatively long acquisition time resulted from the 10 Hz repetition rate of the single-photon ionization source. Figure
Neutral species laser desorbed from cocultured biofilms undergo single photon ionization by VUV radiation and resultant ions are detected by time-of-flight mass spectrometry 相似文献
120.
Benjamin L. Moore Lawrence A. Kelley James Barber James W. Murray James T. MacDonald 《Journal of computational chemistry》2013,34(22):1881-1889
Coarse‐grained protein structure models offer increased efficiency in structural modeling, but these must be coupled with fast and accurate methods to revert to a full‐atom structure. Here, we present a novel algorithm to reconstruct mainchain models from C traces. This has been parameterized by fitting Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) to short backbone fragments centered on idealized peptide bonds. The method we have developed is statistically significantly more accurate than several competing methods, both in terms of RMSD values and dihedral angle differences. The method produced Ramachandran dihedral angle distributions that are closer to that observed in real proteins and better Phaser molecular replacement log‐likelihood gains. Amino acid residue sidechain reconstruction accuracy using SCWRL4 was found to be statistically significantly correlated to backbone reconstruction accuracy. Finally, the PD2 method was found to produce significantly lower energy full‐atom models using Rosetta which has implications for multiscale protein modeling using coarse‐grained models. A webserver and C++ source code is freely available for noncommercial use from: http://www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk/phyre2/PD2_ca2main/ . © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献