Analysis of highly doped collector transistors by usingtwo-dimensional process/device simulation and its application of ECLcircuits

A report is presented of the results of an investigation of device parameters and collector-to-emitter breakdown voltages of double polysilicon self-aligned transistors with highly doped collectors using a two-dimensional process/device simulation system. Favourable phosphorous-ion implanting condition for a highly doped pedestal collector was found to achieve a high cutoff frequency as well as low AC base resistance and small base-collector capacitance, thereby keeping the minimum collector-to-emitter breakdown voltage of 3 V. The authors also report ECL circuit performance improvements achieved in experiments that realized a minimum ECL gate delay time of 26.3 ps/gate at switching current of 1.64 mA as a result of process optimization. Moreover, a 1/8 static frequency divider T-F/F has been observed to operate up to a maximum frequency of 15.8 GHz     

Use of thiosemicarbazide as masking agent for the direct determination of bismuth in copper by atomic-absorption spectrometry with hydride generation

A simple atomic-absorption method for determining trace bismuth in copper metal is described. Interference from the matrix is eliminated by masking copper with thiosemicarbazide in acidic solution.     

Unbiased InP detectors in the submillimetre wave region

High sensitivity unbiased detectors employing Ni-nInP Schottky-barrier diodes have been developed in a submillimetre-wave region. The voltage sensitivities of 120 V/W at 300 GHz and 17 V/W at 450 GHz were obtained, which are about three times higher than those of the usually used unbiased Si point contact diode detectors.     

Comparative study of IBMK and DIBK as extraction solvents in strongly acidic media: extraction behaviour and kinetic stability of Cu(PCD)(2) in these solvents

The use of di-isobutyl ketone (DIBK) and isobutyl methyl ketone (IBMK) as the solvent for extraction of copper(II) from strongly acidic media (0.01-8M hydrochloric acid) with ammonium l-pyrrolidinecarbodithioate has been studied. In contrast to IBMK, the volume of the DIBK extract remains the same, irrespective of the acidity of the aqueous phase. A certain amount of free acid is transferred into both solvents, and affects the kinetic stability of the chelate extracted; the free acid can be completely removed by washing the extract with water, and partly by filtering it through a dry filter paper. However, the chelate extracted into DIBK exhibits excellent stability without such treatment, since the amount of free acid in DIBK is much smaller than that in IBMK. When DIBK is used, the copper chelate can be quantitatively extracted as long as the extraction is done from acidic media.     

A linearly polarized radial line slot antenna

A design for linearly polarized radial line slot antenna (RLSA) is proposed. A novel slot arrangement is presented which couples to the rotationally symmetric guided waves to produce a uniform aperture distribution with linear polarization. Basic characteristics were measured in the 12-GHz band on a model antenna. The radiation patterns indicate a reasonable cross-polarization level more than 15 dB below the copolarization. The poor VSWR response is typical for waveguide broadside arrays. A technique to suppress this reflection is to tilt the beam from the boresight     

Memory LSI reliability

Large-scale integrated (LSI) memory circuit reliability is reviewed. Reliability of large-scale integrated memory circuits is discussed. The major physical mechanisms for failures in memory LSIs and measures to counter these failures are reviewed. Fault-tolerant techniques, divided into the spare row/column line substitution. (SLS) technique and the on-chip error-correcting code (ECC) technique, developed to overcome hard and soft failures are described. Design approaches for realizing high performance and high reliability are also discussed