Concordance measures for multivariate non-continuous random vectors

A notion of multivariate concordance suitable for non-continuous random variables is defined and many of its properties are established. This allows the definition of multivariate, non-continuous versions of Kendall’s tau, Spearman’s rho and Spearman’s footrule, which are concordance measures. Since the maximum values of these association measures are not +1 in general, a special attention is given to the computation of upper bounds. The latter turn out to be multivariate generalizations of earlier findings made by Nešlehová (2007) [9] and Denuit and Lambert (2005) [2]. They are easy to compute and can be estimated from a data set of (possibly) discontinuous random vectors. Corrected versions are considered as well.     

Sonogashira reaction of aryl halides with propiolaldehyde diethyl acetal catalyzed by a tetraphosphine/palladium complex

All-cis-1,2,3,4-Tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)cyclopentane/[PdCl(C₃H₅)]₂ efficiently catalyzes the Sonogashira reaction of propiolaldehyde diethyl acetal with a variety of aryl bromides and chlorides. A minor electronic effect of the substituents of the aryl bromide was observed. Similar reaction rates were observed in the presence of activated aryl bromides such as 4-trifluoromethylbromobenzene and deactivated aryl bromides such as bromoanisole. Turnover numbers up to 95,000 can be obtained for this reaction. Even aryl chlorides and heteroarylbromides or chlorides have been successfully alkynylated with this catalyst. Moreover, a wide variety of substituents on the aryl halide such as fluoro, trifluoromethyl, acetyl, benzoyl, formyl, nitro, dimethylamino or nitrile are tolerated.     

The hot bands of silane between 2120 and 2270 cm

The infrared spectrum of the SiH₄ molecule has been recorded between 2040 and 2320 cm⁻¹ using the high-resolution Fourier interferometer of the Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire (Orsay, France). The resolution was 5.4 × 10⁻³ cm⁻¹. In this region, many lines were previously analyzed and assigned to the ν₁/ν₃ stretching dyad of ²⁸SiH₄, ²⁹SiH₄, and ³⁰SiH₄ molecules [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 143 (1990) 35]. However, several lines in the spectrum were not assigned. The results obtained in our previous study [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 197 (1999) 307] of the infrared spectrum of ²⁸SiH₄, in the bending-stretching tetrad region at 3100 cm⁻¹, enabled us to assign 204 of the observed transitions to hot bands (the ν₁ + ν₂/ν₁ + ν₄/ν₂ + ν₃/ν₃ + ν₄ bending-stretching tetrad minus the ν₂/ν₄ bending dyad). These transitions were used to refine the set of the Hamiltonian parameters of the bending-stretching tetrad. The analysis is performed using the tensorial formalism developed in Dijon for tetrahedral molecules and implemented in the STDS software (http://www.u-bourgogne.fr/LPUB/shTDS.html).     

Recent developments and on-line tests of uranium carbide targets for production of nuclides far from stability

The capacity of uranium carbide target materials of different structure and density for production of neutron-rich and heavy neutron-deficient nuclides have been investigated. The yields of Cs and Fr produced by a 1 GeV proton beam of the PNPI synchrocyclotron and release properties of different targets have been measured. Yields and release efficiencies of Cs and Fr produced from a high density UC target material and from low density UCx prepared by the ISOLDE method at IRIS in the collaboration with PARRNe group from Orsay are compared. The yields from ISOLDE original target are presented for comparison as well.     

Sequential photo-addition of glycine methyl-ester to [60]fullerene

While direct photo-addition of glycine-methyl-esters (GME) to [60]fullerene (C₆₀) can yield a complex product mixture, only a fulleropyrrolidine (FP) mono-adduct has been characterized and the mechanism remains to be ascertained. We show here that visible light irradiation of a mixture of C₆₀ and GME in the presence of oxygen is a direct route to synthesize sequentially higher FP poly-adducts through an unprecedented cyclization–deamination mechanism. Each step of this mechanism leads to a FP adduct involving the correlated addition of two GME radicals and the departure of an ammonia molecule.     

Suzuki Coupling of Cyclopropylboronic Acid With Aryl Halides Catalyzed by a Palladium–Tetraphosphine Complex

The tetraphosphine all‐cis‐1,2,3,4‐tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)cyclopentane (Tedicyp) in combination with [Pd(C₃H₅)Cl]₂ affords a very efficient catalyst for the coupling of cyclopropylboronic acid with aryl bromides and aryl chlorides. Higher reactions rates were observed with aryl bromides than with aryl chlorides; however, even in the presence of 1–0.4% of catalyst, a few aryl chlorides gave the coupling products in good yields. A wide variety of substituents such as alkyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, acetyl, benzoyl, formyl, carboxylate, nitro, and nitrile on the aryl halides are tolerated. The coupling reaction of sterically very congested aryl bromides such as bromomesitylene or 2,4,6‐triisopropylbromobenzene also proceeds in good yields.     

Behavior and Capability Based Access Control Model for Personalized TeleHealthCare Assistance

With the growing proportion of dependant people (ageing, disabled users), Tele-assistance and Tele-monitoring platforms will play a significant role to deliver an efficient and less-costly remote care in their assistive living environments. Sensor based technology would greatly contribute to get valuable information which should help to provide personalized access to the services available within their living spaces. However, current access control models remain unsuitable due to the lack of completeness, flexibility and adaptability to the user profile. In this paper, we propose a new access control model based on the user capabilities and behavior. This model is evaluated using the data sensed from our tele-monitoring platform in order to assist automatically the dependent people according to the occurred situation. The design of our model is a dynamic ontology and evolving security policy according to the access rules that are used in the inference engine to provide the right service according to the user’s needs. Our security policy reacts according to the detected distress situation derived from the data combination of both the wearable devices and the pervasive sensors. The security policy is managed through the classification and reasoning process. Our classification process aims to extract the behavior patterns which are obtained by mining the data set issued from our Tele-monitoring platform according to the discriminating attributes: fall, posture, movement, time, user presence, pulse and emergency call. Our reasoning process aims to explore the recognized context and the extracted behavior patterns which set up the rule engine to infer the right decision security policy.     

Covalent 2D Patterning,Local Electronic Structure and Polarization Switching of Graphene at the Nanometer Level

A very facile and efficient protocol for the covalent patterning and properties tuning of graphene is reported. Highly reactive fluorine radicals were added to confined regions of graphene directed by laser writing on graphene coated with 1-fluoro-3,3-dimethylbenziodoxole. This process allows for the realization of exquisite patterns on graphene with resolutions down to 200 nm. The degree of functionalization, ranging from the unfunctionalized graphene to extremely high functionalized graphene, can be precisely tuned by controlling the laser irradiation time. Subsequent substitution of the initially patterned fluorine atoms afforded an unprecedented graphene nanostructure bearing thiophene groups. This substitution led to a complete switch of both the electronic structure and the polarization within the patterned graphene regions. This approach paves the way towards the precise modulation of the structure and properties of nanostructured graphene.     

Vector-Valued Tail Value-at-Risk and Capital Allocation

Enterprise risk management, actuarial science or finance are practice areas in which risk measures are important to evaluate for heterogeneous classes of homogeneous risks. We present new measures: bivariate lower and upper orthant Tail Value-at-Risk. They are based on bivariate lower and upper orthant Value-at-Risk, introduced in Cossette et al. (Insurance: Math Econ 50(2):247–256, 2012). Many properties and applications are derived. Notably, they are shown to be positive homogeneous, invariant under translation and subadditive in distribution. Capital allocation criteria are suggested. Moreover, results on the sum of random pairs are presented, allowing to use a more accurate model for dependent classes of homogeneous risks.     

Continuous-Flow Synthesis of High-Quality Few-Layer Antimonene Hexagons

2D materials show outstanding properties that can bring many applications in different technological fields. However, their uses are still limited by production methods. In this context, antimonene is recently suggested as a new 2D material to fabricate different (opto)electronic devices, among other potential applications. This work focuses on optimizing the synthetic parameters to produce high-quality antimonene hexagons and their implementation in a large-scale manufacturing procedure. By means of a continuous-flow synthesis, few-layer antimonene hexagons with ultra-large lateral dimensions (up to several microns) and a few nanometers thick are isolated. The suitable chemical post-treatment of these nanolayers with chloroform gives rise to antimonene surfaces showing low oxidation that can be easily contacted with microelectrodes. Therefore, the reported procedure offers a way to solve two critical problems for using antimonene in many applications: large-scale preparation of high-quality antimonene and the ability to set electrical contacts useful for device fabrication.