Electrochemical and structural study of neodymium nickelate thick film deposited by spin coating on an oxyapatite electrolyte

The electrochemical characteristics of an Nd₂NiO₄ cathode, synthesized using the citric acid-nitrate combustion method and symmetrically deposited by spin coating on both surfaces of an La_9.33Si_5.3Al_0.7O_25.65 (LSAO) electrolyte, were studied using AC impedance spectroscopy. It was found that, varying the temperature (600 to 850 °C) and the oxygen partial pressure (0.2–10^?7 atm), the impedance characteristics of the electrode could be determined by three different processes. Said processes were ionic conduction in the electrode bulk, interfacial charge transfer, and gas-phase diffusion, all of which are based on the temperature and oxygen partial pressure dependence on the polarization resistance, which is associated with each individual processes as well as on the corresponding capacitance values.     

Salicylaldiminato nickel(II) catalysts with 5‐halo‐3‐methoxy groups for ethylene polymerization

Two neutral salicylaldiminato methyl pyridine nickel(II) complexes were synthesized and evaluated for ethylene polymerization. Each catalyst bears a methoxy group in the 3‐position and a halogen atom in the 5‐position of the salicyl ligand, chlorine in case of catalyst 3a and bromine in 3b . Molecular structures of the catalysts were obtained by X‐ray crystallography. The resulting polymerization activities, for example, indicated by a maximum turnover frequency of 4,870 mol ethylene/(mol Ni × h) for 1‐h runs obtained with 3a , were higher than those of similar catalysts at comparable conditions reported in the literature. Catalyst 3a was slightly more active than catalyst 3b . The polymers are branched as measured by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. This was also reflected in the melting temperatures between 76 and 113 °C obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. By using gel permeation chromatography measurements, it was determined that the M_w of the polymers ranges between about 5,400 and 21,600 g/mol. In particular, the effect of the polymerization temperature on the catalyst activity, degree of branching, and molecular weight properties has been described. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

Application of Neumann's Lemma to the minimum and characteristic polynomials

Conditions are determined under which the minimum and/or characteristic polynomials of a matrix have simple zeros.     

Hypernormal matrices

An nxn matrix A is hypernormal if APA^*=A^*PA for all permutation matrices P. We shall explain how to construct hypernormal matrices.     

The effect of ion-implantation damage on dopant diffusion in silicon during shallow-junction formation

Low-thermal-budget annealing of ion-implanted BF ₂ ⁺ , P, and As in Si was studied for shallow-junction formation. Implant doses were sufficient to amorphize the silicon surface region. Low-temperature furnace annealing and rapid-thermal annealing of ionimplanted boron, phosphorus and arsenic in silicon exhibit a transient enhanced diffusion regime resulting injunction depths considerably deeper than expected. The origin of this transient enhanced diffusion is the annealing of ion-implantation damage in the silicon substrate. We have found that point-defect generation during the annealing of either shallow end-of-range damage or small clusters of point defects dominates the transient enhanced diffusion process depending upon the annealing temperature and time. The net effect of damage annealing is to reduce the activation energy for dopant diffusion by an amount equal to the activation energy of the supersaturation of point defects in silicon. Models which can describe the transient enhancement characteristics in dopant diffusion during both furnace and rapid-thermal annealing of these implants are discussed.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">C</Emphasis>*-algebras of generalized Hecke pairs

We generalize the concept of Hecke pairs and study representations of the corresponding C*-algebra. We introduce the notions of covariant pairs and matrix unit pairs of representations in this general setting and show that covariant pairs are exactly faithful matrix unit pairs.     

A novel concept for phase noise improvement in monolithic differential LC-VCOs

A novel concept for improvement of phase noise in differential LC-VCOs is proposed. Being based on quality factor (Q) enhancement through conversion of the lossy inductor to a virtual inductor conditionally approaching the ideal lossless limit, the basics of the concept are illustrated and explained. Practical realization of the concept is discussed, and its application in design of a CMOS based Giga Hertz range low phase noise monolithic differential LC-VCO is investigated. Advanced Design System (ADS) simulations using CMOS 0.18 μm TSMC RF design kit are used for evaluation.     

Repeat space theory applied to carbon nanotubes and related molecular networks. III

The present article is part III of a series devoted to extending the Repeat Space Theory (RST) to apply to carbon nanotubes and related molecular networks. In this part III, four problems concerning the above-mentioned extension of the RST have been formulated. Affirmative solutions of these problems imply (i) asymptotic analysis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via the new techniques of normed repeat space, Banach algebra, and C*-algebra becomes possible; (ii) a new linkage is formed between the investigations of CNTs and those of ‘spectral symmetry’. In the present paper, we give affirmative solutions to all of the four problems, together with (a) estimates of the norms of matrix sequences representing CNTs, (b) Challenging Problem A^#, which complements Problems A, (c) several pictures of ‘CNT Matrix Art’ which has heuristic power to lead one to get the affirmative answers to the problems formulated in an abstract algebraic manner.