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The model of Falicov and Kimball is investigated incorporating short range order effects. This modifies both the electronic density of states and the configurational entropy, relative to the fully disordered case. The way this affects the conditions under which phase transitions occur is evaluated and discussed. 相似文献
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J. Hernández F. Canal F. Dios L. Gastón 《Journal of Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves》1988,9(3):295-301
Multilayer structures are of great interest in the fabrication of single mode devices for Integrated Optics. this work it is shown that a multilayer structure allows not only single-mode behaviour but it enhaces the non-reci procity of the quide. 相似文献
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3D Electrophoresis‐Assisted Lithography (3DEAL): 3D Molecular Printing to Create Functional Patterns and Anisotropic Hydrogels 下载免费PDF全文
Juan P. Aguilar Michal Lipka Gastón A. Primo Edxon E. Licon‐Bernal Juan M. Fernández‐Pradas Andriy Yaroshchuk Fernando Albericio Alvaro Mata 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(15)
The ability to easily generate anisotropic hydrogel environments made from functional molecules with microscale resolution is an exciting possibility for the biomaterials community. This study reports a novel 3D electrophoresis‐assisted lithography (3DEAL) platform that combines elements from proteomics, biotechnology, and microfabrication to print well‐defined 3D molecular patterns within hydrogels. The potential of the 3DEAL platform is assessed by patterning immunoglobulin G, fibronectin, and elastin within nine widely used hydrogels and characterizing pattern depth, resolution, and aspect ratio. Furthermore, the technique's versatility is demonstrated by fabricating complex patterns including parallel and perpendicular columns, curved lines, gradients of molecular composition, and patterns of multiple proteins ranging from tens of micrometers to centimeters in size and depth. The functionality of the printed molecules is assessed by culturing NIH‐3T3 cells on a fibronectin‐patterned polyacrylamide‐collagen hydrogel and selectively supporting cell growth. 3DEAL is a simple, accessible, and versatile hydrogel‐patterning platform based on controlled molecular printing that may enable the development of tunable, chemically anisotropic, and hierarchical 3D environments. 相似文献
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Arnold J. Hoff Peter Gast Sergei A. Dzuba Christiane R. Timmel Catherine E. Fursman P.J. Hore 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》1998,54(14):2283-2293
We describe in some detail the new method of distance determination for a photoinduced radical pair. Emphasis is on giving the nuts and bolts of the calculations that result in analytical expressions for in- and out-of-phase electron spin echo (ESE) envelope modulations, pulse flip-angle dependencies, zero- and double-quantum coherences, and the distance between the two radicals. The theoretical results are illustrated by a set of recent experiments on photosynthetic reaction centers. 相似文献
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Dr. Alexander V. Polezhaev Nicholas A. Maciulis Dr. Chun‐Hsing Chen Dr. Maren Pink Dr. Richard L. Lord Prof. Dr. Kenneth G. Caulton 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(39):13985-13998
Reaction of 3,6‐disubstituted‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazines with water and PEt3 forms the corresponding 1,4‐dihydrotetrazine and OPEt3. Thus PEt3, as a stoichiometric reductant, reduces water, and the resulting two reducing equivalents serve to doubly hydrogenate the tetrazine. A variety of possible initial interactions between electron‐deficient tetrazine and electron‐rich PR3, including a charge transfer complex, were evaluated by density functional calculations which revealed that the energy of all these make them spectroscopically undetectable at equilibrium, but one of these is nevertheless suggested as the intermediate in the observed redox reaction. The relationship of this to the Mitsunobu reaction, which absorbs the components of water evolved in the conversion of alcohol and carboxylic acid to ester, with desirable inversion at the alcohol carbon, is discussed. This enables a modified Mitsunobu reaction, with tetrazine replacing EtO2CN=NCO2Et (DEAD), which has the advantage that dihydrotetrazine can be recycled to tetrazine by oxidation with O2, something impossible with the hydrogenated DEAD. For this tetrazine version, a betaine‐like intermediate is undetectable, but its protonated form is characterized, including by X‐ray structure and NMR spectroscopy. 相似文献
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