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841.
Proliferation of osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and chondrocytes (cartilage-synthesizing cells) exposed to different sizes of alumina as well as titania particles at various concentrations (from 10,000 to 100g/ml of culture media) was investigated in the present in vitro study. Compared to respective conventional (i.e., micron) particle size ceramics, results provided the first evidence of increased osteoblast and chondrocyte proliferation in the presence of nanoparticles. Material characterization studies revealed that the only difference between respective ceramic particles was nano- and conventional-dimensions; specifically, phase, charge, and chemical properties were similar between different size alumina and titania particles, respectively. Thus, the present study provided the first evidence of a less detrimental effect of nano- as compared to conventional-dimension wear debris on cell function; such wear debris may result from friction between articulating components of orthopedic implants composed of novel nanophase ceramic materials. In this manner, results provided additional evidence to the literature that nanophase ceramics may become the next generation of bone prosthetic materials with improved osseointegrative (i.e., ability to bond to juxtaposed bone in situ) properties. 相似文献
842.
We measured the momentum coupling coefficient Cm and laser-generated ion drift velocity and temperature in the femtosecond (fs) region, over a laser intensity range from ablation threshold to about one hundred times threshold. Targets were several pure metals and three organic compounds. The organic compounds were exothermic polymers specifically developed for the micro-laser plasma thruster, and two of these used “tuned absorbers” rather than carbon particles for laser absorption. The metals ranged from Li to W in atomic weight. We measured time of flight (TOF) profiles for ions. Specific impulse reached record values for this type of measurement and ablation efficiency was near 100%. These measurements extend the laser pulsewidth three orders of magnitude downward in pulsewidth relative to previous reports. Over this range, we found Cm to be essentially constant. Ion velocity ranged from 60 to 180 km/s. 相似文献
843.
844.
845.
[reaction: see text] Novel macrocycles possessing ether linkages and 2,6-disubstituted phenolics were produced in one step and with 100% atom economy by isoaromatization of chameleon macrocyclic precursors possessing 2,6-diarylidenecyclohexanone moieties. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the phenolic hydrogen atoms influenced the shape of the macrocycles and dictated host-guest behavior. 相似文献
846.
847.
Turner LE Thorn MG Fanwick PE Rothwell IP 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2003,(9):1034-1035
The 2-(inden-3-yl)phenoxide ligand can be resolved at both tetrahedral and octahedral Group 4 metal centers using chiral binaphthoxide ligands. 相似文献
848.
We report the infrared (IR) absorption spectra of different conformational isomers of gas phase amino acid molecules in the molecular fingerprint region of 330-1500 cm(-1). The IR absorption spectra for three conformers of the amino acid tryptophan show absorption bands that uniquely identify the conformational structure of the molecule and that are well matched by density functional theory calculations. The present observations hold great promise for future identification of conformational folding of larger molecules by means of their IR absorption characteristics. 相似文献
849.
Sonier JE Poon KF Luke GM Kyriakou P Miller RI Liang R Wiebe CR Fournier P Greene RL 《Physical review letters》2003,91(14):147002
We report muon-spin rotation and relaxation (muSR) measurements on single crystals of the electron-doped high-T(c) superconductor Pr2-xCexCuO4. In a zero external magnetic field, superconductivity is found to coexist with dilute Cu spins that are static on the muSR time scale. In an applied field, we observe a mu(+)-Knight shift that is primarily due to the magnetic moment induced on the Pr ions. Below the superconducting transition temperature T(c), an additional source of local magnetic field appears throughout the volume of the sample. This finding is shown to be consistent with field-induced antiferromagnetic ordering of the Cu spins. Measurements of the temperature dependence of the in-plane magnetic penetration depth lambda(ab) in the vortex state are also presented. 相似文献
850.
K. Kojima A. Keren L.P. Le M. Larkin G.M. Luke B. Nachumi W.D. Wu Y.J. Uemura M. Azuma M. Takano K. Kiyono S. Miyasaka N. Motoyama H. Takagi S. Uchida M. Hase Y. Sasago K. Uchinokura M. Matsuda K. Katsumata A. Revcolevschi R. Cava 《Hyperfine Interactions》1997,104(1-4):37-42
We introduce our μSR investigations of spin‐gap systems, such as, (1) a 2‐leg spin‐ladder material SrCu2O3, (2) a Haldane material (S=1 spin‐chain) Y2BaNiO5, (3) a spin‐Peierls material CuGeO3, (4) a spin‐chain# material Sr6Ca8Cu24O41. All of these antiferromagnetic spin systems are characterized by a spin‐gap between the singlet ground‐state and the triplet
first excited states. In the above‐mentioned materials, we confirmed the absence of magnetic order down to milli‐Kelvin regime,
supporting the non‐magnetic feature of the ground‐state.
If a spin‐gap system is doped with charges and/or vacancies at the spin site, unpaired spins are induced out of the singlet
ground‐state. In some materials, doping completely destroys the singlet ground‐state and induces a bulk magnetic order. We
report μSR investigations of doped materials as well, which clarifies the existence/absence of a magnetic order upon doping.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献