全文获取类型
收费全文 | 29960篇 |
免费 | 4032篇 |
国内免费 | 3033篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 16138篇 |
晶体学 | 276篇 |
力学 | 1357篇 |
综合类 | 190篇 |
数学 | 2309篇 |
物理学 | 8495篇 |
无线电 | 8260篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 116篇 |
2023年 | 690篇 |
2022年 | 843篇 |
2021年 | 1149篇 |
2020年 | 1073篇 |
2019年 | 1014篇 |
2018年 | 876篇 |
2017年 | 917篇 |
2016年 | 1235篇 |
2015年 | 1296篇 |
2014年 | 1501篇 |
2013年 | 1996篇 |
2012年 | 2290篇 |
2011年 | 2384篇 |
2010年 | 1625篇 |
2009年 | 1676篇 |
2008年 | 1868篇 |
2007年 | 1758篇 |
2006年 | 1577篇 |
2005年 | 1310篇 |
2004年 | 1013篇 |
2003年 | 913篇 |
2002年 | 857篇 |
2001年 | 678篇 |
2000年 | 649篇 |
1999年 | 690篇 |
1998年 | 620篇 |
1997年 | 565篇 |
1996年 | 608篇 |
1995年 | 513篇 |
1994年 | 548篇 |
1993年 | 378篇 |
1992年 | 325篇 |
1991年 | 310篇 |
1990年 | 214篇 |
1989年 | 164篇 |
1988年 | 142篇 |
1987年 | 108篇 |
1986年 | 106篇 |
1985年 | 99篇 |
1984年 | 69篇 |
1983年 | 62篇 |
1982年 | 47篇 |
1981年 | 31篇 |
1980年 | 33篇 |
1979年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
Frictionless indentation responses of transversely isotropic piezoelectric film/rigid substrate systems under circular cylindrical indenter (i.e., punch), conical indenter (i.e., cone), and spherical indenter (i.e., sphere) are investigated. Both insulating and conducting indenters are considered. The technique of Hankel transformation is employed to derive the corresponding dual integral equations for the mixed boundary value indentation problems. For the two limiting cases of infinitely thick and infinitely thin piezoelectric films, closed-form solutions are obtained. For piezoelectric films of finite thickness, a numerical method is constructed to solve the dual integral equations and semi-empirical models having only two unknown parameters are proposed for the responses of indentation force, electric charge and electric potential, and contact radius. With the two parameters inferred from the numerical results, the semi-empirical formulae are found to provide good estimates of the indentation responses for the two limiting cases of infinitely thick and thin piezoelectric films, as well as those in between. The inferred parameters in the proposed semi-empirical formulae for normalized indentation force and electric charge are checked against four different piezoelectric materials and are found to be insensitive to the selection of piezoelectric materials. It is believed that the proposed semi-empirical indentation formulae are useful in developing experimental indentation techniques to extract the material properties of piezoelectric films. 相似文献
42.
43.
采用自行研制的LB自动提膜装置,制备出大面积(10×8cm2)、高质量的PMMA超薄抗蚀剂膜,并将其用于高分辨率铬掩模版的研制。通过电子束曝光,湿法蚀刻,制作了分辨率优于0.5μm,特征线宽0.38μm的4(100mm)铬掩模版。 相似文献
44.
本文报道了试用于红外地平仪的新型热堆传感器。由于尺寸小、集成热偶对数高,故设计成双列硅集成结构,集成B-Sb热偶对为112对。采用集成电路工艺和微细加工技术研制,使器件获得较好的稳定性和可靠性。测得器件性能为:电阻10±1kΩ,响应率0.9~1.2V/W,时间常数<100ms.探测率D~*≈1×10~8cmHz~(1/2)/W。 相似文献
45.
46.
A closed-form physical model is reported for VLSI bipolar devices considering energy transport. Based on the model, for a base width of 810 Å, the bipolar device, biased at Vcb=2 V, has a peak electron temperature of over 700 K, which results in a 5% reduction in the collector current 相似文献
47.
Lu KangAlison R. Keimowitz Michaeleen R. MunrowStewart E. Novick 《Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy》2002,213(2):122-129
The rotational spectra of the argon acetone weakly bound complex was studied by pulsed jet Fabry-Perot Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. Over 500 transitions of the complex were measured between 5.5 and 26 GHz from J=2-1 to J=12-11. The two methyl groups undergo hindered internal rotation resulting in four or five internal rotation states. The microwave transitions are within these states, resulting in a splitting of each rotational transition into four and sometimes five distinct transitions. The three-fold barrier to internal rotation is determined to be 260 cm−1, 2% less than the 266 cm−1 barrier in acetone itself. The structure of the complex has the argon atom above the heavy atom plane of the acetone, 3.52 Å from the CO bond and approximately in the Cs plane, which is perpendicular to the CCC plane of acetone. 相似文献
48.
D. W. Taylor V. Villas-Boas Q. Lu M. F. Rossignol F. P. Missell D. Givord S. Hirosawa 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》1994,130(1-3):225-236
We studied the coercivity in magnets of composition R17Fe83−χBχ (R = Nd, Pr and χ = 8, 30), using measurements of the coercive field Hc, its angular dependence, and the magnetic viscosity coefficient Sv, for temperatures between 4.2 and 500 K. The results are discussed in relation to a model which does not specifically consider the detailed mechanisms involved in magnetization reversal, but which provides information about the magnetic properties in the activation volume v where magnetization reversal is initiated. It is concluded that the ordering temperature in v tends to be slightly smaller than in the bulk and that the room temperature anisotropy in v is not strongly reduced with respect to the bulk value. Finally, a direct evaluation of the dipolar interactions is in good agreement with results obtained from Hc(T). 相似文献
49.
C.J. Lu H.M. Shen S.B. Ren Y.N. Wang 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1997,65(4-5):395-401
3 thin films is systematically studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The PbTiO3 thin films with different average grain sizes were prepared on various substrates by a sol-gel process. The films on NaCl
and fused glass are randomly grain-oriented, while those on (111)Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si are highly {100} cubic index grain-oriented . It is found from the XRD patterns of the films on NaCl that with decreasing
average grain size from 230 to 80 nm, the intensities of high h index (h>l) peaks (hkl), such as (100), (110), (200), (201),
(210), (211), etc., decrease rapidly and ultimately disappear, whereas another set of peaks (lkh), including (001), (002),
(102), (112), etc., are still intense. This interesting result suggests that at grain size below a certain critical size an
increasing number of grains no longer show 90°-domains, which is confirmed by TEM observations. Meanwhile, X-ray evidence
of such a grain-size-related absence of 90°-domains is also found for PbTiO3 films on Pt(111) and fused-glass substrates. The volume fractions of single-domain grains (without 90°-domains) in the films
are estimated from their XRD patterns. By combining SEM and TEM investigations, the critical grain size for the formation
of 90°-domains is further determined to be near 200 nm.
Received: 19 December 1996/Accepted: 24 March 1997 相似文献
50.
Direct imaging of a high-power diode laser cavity using a transparent indium-tin-oxide (ITO) contact
We describe a novel "see-through" indium-tin-oxide contact on the n-side of a high power unstable resonator semiconductor laser (URSL) that allows direct observation of the cavity during high power operation. Under optimized annealing conditions this transparent ITO contact has a low enough specific contact resistivity to permit normal high power CW operation of the URSL and allows the observation of filamentation. This contact scheme is applicable to a wide range of semiconductor lasers and is especially appropriate for high power devices. The same structure can also be used to obtain a 2-D thermal map of the laser cavity. 相似文献