温度脉动仪标定装置的初步设计

在大气参数中折射率结构常数C2n是一个重要的参数,C2n有多种测量方法,其中利用温度脉动仪进行测量是一个重要的测量方法.但是可以精确控制的微温度脉动源较难产生,所以至今还没一个标准的温度脉动源对温度脉动仪进行定标.从热力学原理出发,采用绝热压缩和膨胀气体的方法,研制了一个温度可以控制的温度脉动源装置,并且对其不确定度进...     

求解中国农业困局：国际视野中的农业规模经营与农业竞争力

近年来中国粮食生产出现的“高产量、高库存、高进口”现象,是由于农均耕地面积过小引起的规模经营不足。这背后,是户籍制度造成的城市化滞后以及针对外来人口的公共服务不平等。同时,政府大力补贴农业和农村,提高了农民向城市转移的机会成本,导致土地流转率不足,进一步阻碍规模经营。通过国际比较,我们认为规模化农场有利于提高农业竞争力,而小农经济现代化的成本较高。研究还发现,在世界范围内,农业劳动力转移适应农业产出比重下降的国家拥有更大的农均在（可）耕地,它对农均粮食净出口存在显著正效应。反事实分析说明,若中国2011年的农业就业比重能和产出比重相适应（即消除城乡间劳动力流动障碍）,则下一年粮食净输入将下降约89%。     

Acetylenic and diacetylenic liquid-crystalline monomers: towards ordered conjugated polymers

Abstract

Acetylenic and diacetylenic mesomorphic monomers have been prepared in order to obtain long conjugated polymers able to give high non-linear optical hyperpolarizabilities. Here we report the synthesis of such monomers incorporating cholesteryl and methoxybiphenyl groups; their structural and thermal behaviour are described. The occurrence of mesophases in the acetylenic and diacetylenic derivatives is discussed as a function of the spacer length and of the size of the mesogen moiety. The diacetylenic derivatives containing the methoxybiphenyl groups do not exhibit any liquid-crystalline behaviour but are able to polymerize under U.V. radiation.     

On one possibility of determining the atom position in the crystal unit cell

The possibility of the determination of the position of an atom incorporated in the crystal unit cell by measuring the yield of characteristic radiation of this atom, excited by an X-ray wave nonuniform over the cell cross section, is shown. Such a wave can appear, in particular, in the mode of dynamical diffraction of an ordinary plane wave.     

异戊醇萃取-原子荧光光谱法间接测定中草药中铜含量

提出了一种原子荧光光谱法间接测定中草药中铜含量的方法。在弱酸性介质中,CuI与HgI42-反应生成稳定的Cu2HgI4,经异戊醇萃取分离后,通过用原子荧光光谱法测定有机相中剩余的汞量,间接换算成铜含量。铜的质量浓度在0.01～0.1mg.L-1范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为3.5μg.L-1。方法用于国家标准物质黄芪(GSB-19)、茶叶(GSB-7)和柑橘叶(GSB-11)的分析,测定值与认定值相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=9)在0.8%～2.4%之间。     

Indentation-induced deformations of GaAs(011) at a high temperature

Indentation tests were performed at a high temperature on GaAs(011). This orientation allowed the activation of normal and inclined slip systems. Samples with two different thicknesses were prepared and a large range of loads was used. Observations on decreasing scales were carried out using different microscopies and more particularly transmission electron microscopy on thin foils prepared by the focused-ion-beam technique. The back side of the thinnest samples could be deformed using the highest loads. The deformation was observed to be anisotropic on the back side as well as at the indented surface. On one side of the indentation, an anisotropic climb of matter was revealed and associated with microtwinning development. Convergent-beam electron diffraction as well as chemical etching allowed us to determine rigorously the polarity of the samples and the character of dislocations ( for g) generated by the indenter. The dislocations extending deeper into the samples were determined to be fdislocations. This result was discussed in view of the difference between the core reconstructions and mobilities of fand gdislocations.     

基于Fabry-Perot结构的可调波长选择光开关

本文提出波长选择光开关的概念,首次研制出一个基于Fabry-Perot结构的可调波长选择光开关,该开关为2×2光纤端口,每个端口携带N个波长,工作时可以选1个或多个波长,插入损耗小于3dB,波长调谐范围10nm,调谐机构为一对多层三明治结构的压电陶瓷,具有驱动电压低,小于5V的驱动电压可以达到3.3nm的调谐,最大开关时间为1毫秒,开关比优于30dB.最后还分析了其基本透射与反射光谱性能,并讨论其对光通信、光交换网络产生的重要应用价值.     

基于CPLD工作模式可调的线阵CCD驱动电路设计

针对传统驱动电路一旦做出修改,则需对硬件或程序进行改变的缺点,以型号为TCD1707D的线阵CCD为例,介绍了一种工作模式可调的驱动方法.该方法是利用复杂可编程逻辑器件和控制外端结合,通过分别设置内外触发来实现的.在外触发模式下,利用外触发脉冲,可由用户控制CCD的曝光和信号输出时间;内触发时,可以调节CCD的积分时间和驱动频率.为提高信号输出质量,针对EMC问题给出了线阵CCD的外围驱动电路.实验结果表明,该方法调试方便、电路结构简单、集成度较高、输出信号可靠稳定、受干扰小,可配合多种用户需要,对高速精确测量及线阵推扫模式具有一定参考价值.     

Optimization for simulation of WL-CSP subjected to drop-test with plasticity behavior

A simulation of the board-level drop-test is performed to evaluate some WL-CSP (wafer-level chip-scale packages) performances. An elasto-plastic model is applied on both solder bump and copper pad materials. It intends to demonstrate that copper plasticity is mandatory due to the large plastic strain occuring in these materials. A statistical analysis discusses the required accuracy for the modeling analysis. This analysis is combined with a components’ lifetime prediction based on a representative plastic strain. Finally, it is possible to do a relatively fast calculation while meeting the determined accuracy.