应用ICP消解氟里昂的优越性及其处理效率的初步研究

讨论了应用高频电感耦合等离子体(ICP)消解氟里昂类废弃物的可行性及与国际先进技术的比较;应用低功率ICP系统进行氟里昂12的模拟消解,用GC-ECD方法对尾气中的残余成分和浓度进行分析,证明该系统对氟里昂12的处理效率高于99.9%,可以发展成为未来环保废物处理领域的一项新技术。     

ChemInform Abstract: The Infrared Spectrum of F-·H2O.

The geometry and vibrational frequencies of the F-·H₂O system are determined by ab initio calculations (SCF and CISD levels of theory).     

气相色谱法在中草药及其制剂中痕量有机氯类农药残留分析上的应用进展

综述了中草药及其制剂中有饥氯类农药残留的气相色谱分析技术．包括样品前处理方法,气相色谱分离分析及确证鉴定技术．对近几年来该领域研究进展进行了总结和讨沦。     

微波合成PtRu/C纳米催化剂及其对甲醇电化学氧化性能

PtRu/carbon nanosized catalyst with PtRu loading of 26.4wt% (Rt∶Ru=1.0∶1.0～1.1) was rapidly synthesized by the microwave polyol process employing the ethylene glycol solution of H₂PtCl₆ and RuCl₃ as precursors in the presence of XC-72 carbon support. TEM observations demonstrated that microwave-prepared PtRu nanoparticles were narrowly distributed and highly dispersed on the carbon with an average size of 3.9 nm. Electrochemical experiments showed that microwave-synthesized PtRu/carbon catalyst exhibited very high catalytic activity for electro-oxidation of liquid methanol at room temperature.     

NUMERICAL STUDIES OF TRANSITIONAL TURBULENT PULSATILE FLOW IN PIPES WITH RING–TYPE CONSTRICTIONS

Pulsatile flows in the vicinity of mechanical ring-type constrictions in pipes were studied for transitional turbulent flow with a Reynolds number (Re) of the order of 10⁴. The Womersley number (Nw) is in the range 30–50, with a corresponding Strouhal number (St) range of 0·0143–0·0398. The pulsatile flows considered are a pure sinusoidal flow, a physiological flow and an experimental pulsatile flow profile for mechanical aortic valve flow simulations. Transitional laminar and turbulent flow characteristics in an alternating manner within the pulsatile flow fields were studied numerically. It was observed that fluid accelerations tend to suppress the development of flow disturbances. All the instantaneous maximum values of turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent viscosity and turbulent shear stress are smaller during the acceleration phase than during the deceleration period. Various parametric equations have been formulated through numerical experimentation to better describe the relationships between the instantaneous flow rate (Q), the pressure loss (ΔP), the maximum velocity (V_max), the maximum vorticity (ζ_max), the maximum wall vorticity (ζ_w,max), the maximum shear stress (τ_max) and the maximum wall shear stress (τ_w,max) for turbulent pulsatile flow in the vicinity of constrictions in the vascular tube. An elliptic relationship has been found to exist between the instantaneous flow rate and the instantaneous pressure gradient. Other linear and quadratic relations between various flow parameters were also obtained.     

FINITE ELEMENT SOLUTIONS OF LAMINAR AND TURBULENT MIXED CONVECTION IN A DRIVEN CAVITY

This paper presents laminar and turbulent mixed convection solutions of a driven cavity flow using the finite element method. For the laminar flow, distributions of velocity and temperature with and without the effect of buoyancy force are presented and compared. For the turbulent flow, governing partial differential equations of the thermal turbulence two-equati on model and kinetic turbulence two-equation model are used. Corresponding results such as kinetic eddy diffusivity, kinetic eddy energy, thermal eddy energy and their dissipations are presented.     

A QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF ELASTIC WAVE IN SOLID BY STROBOSCOPIC PHOTOELASTICITY

We have developed a method for visually measuring and evaluating stresses emitted from an ultrasonic probe into a model solid similar to the actual material, by using image-processing techniques and stroboscopic photoelasticity. The visualization of wave stress (sound pressure) distribution can be achieved by synthesizing two photoelastic pictures, in which the directions of the principal axes of linear polariscopes are different by 45 degrees. The sound pressure field generated by commercial ultrasonic probes was measured by using the proposed method.     

The effects of external optical feedback on the power penalty of DFB-LD modules for 2.5Gbs−1 optical transmission systems

We report the effects of external optical feedback on the power penalty of commercial distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) modules for 2.5Gbs–1 optical transmission systems. External optical feedback presented to the DFB-LD modules causes the excitation of external cavity modes, resulting in increased relative intensity noise (RIN) and intensity noise ripples at low frequency region below 500MHz. For a 10–10 bit error rate (BER), the minimum power penalty is as much as 1.25dB for a feedback ratio of –8.8dB. An excess power penalty of 0.5dB per 3dB increase in the feedback ratio was also empirically obtained. We suggest that optical isolators in 2.5Gbs–1 DFB-LD modules used in conventional optical transmission systems or WDM systems must have a peak isolation ratio of better than 54.5dB, instead of the previously recommended 30dB, for negligible power penalty induced by external optical feedback.     

ABO3型晶体中氧的电子自发极化

计算O^-2在晶体场中出现的Jahn-Teller效应,得到具有电矩的2p_π3s3d₀杂化原子轨道。BO₆八面体共价性质决定了ABO₃晶体的各种极化相。理论给出P_s比值、钛位移大小和热力学参数ξ′,ζ′均接近于实验结果。统一解释了钛酸钡的三个相转变。相变条件给出七种晶体中氧的屏蔽常数平均值与Slater的值一致。