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31.
An algorithm for a time accurate incompressible Navier–Stokes solver on an unstructured grid is presented. The algorithm uses a second order, three‐point, backward difference formula for the physical time marching. For each time step, a divergence free flow field is obtained based on an artificial compressibility method. An implicit method with a local time step is used to accelerate the convergence for the pseudotime iteration. To validate the code, an unsteady laminar flow over a circular cylinder at a Reynolds number of 200 is calculated. The results are compared with available experimental and numerical data and good agreements are achieved. Using the developed unsteady code, an interaction of a Karman vortex street with an elliptical leading edge is simulated. The incident Karman vortex street is generated by a circular cylinder located upstream. A clustering to the path of the vortices is achieved easily due to flexibility of an unstructured grid. Details of the interaction mechanism are analysed by investigating evolutions of vortices. Characteristics of the interactions are compared for large‐ and small‐scale vortex streets. Different patterns of the interaction are observed for those two vortex streets and the observation is in agreement with experiment. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
32.
Ng G.I. Pavlidis D. Tutt M. Oh J.-E. Bhattacharya P.K. 《Electron Device Letters, IEEE》1989,10(3):114-116
The DC and microwave properties of strained In0.65Ga 0.35As/In052Al0.48As HEMTs (high electron-mobility transistors) with double-heterojunction design are presented. The high sheet carrier density and good carrier confinement give rise to excellent device performance with very low output conductance. For 1×150-μm2 long-gate HEMTs, the measured cutoff frequency f T and maximum frequency of oscillation f max are as high as 37 and 66 GHz, respectively 相似文献
33.
Min-Cheol Oh Sang-Shin Lee Sang-Yung Shin 《Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of》1995,31(9):1698-1704
A polarization converter using electrooptic (EO) polymer waveguides is proposed and it is simulated by a full vectorial beam propagation method (VBPM) for anisotropic medium. First, an efficient structure of poling electrodes is proposed for the fabrication of TE-mode poling-induced waveguides in EO polymer. For given electrode structures of both TE-mode and TM-mode waveguides, poling-induced dielectric tensors are calculated by the finite-element method to provide refractive index distribution, data for VBPM simulation. It is shown numerically that the poled TE and TM mode waveguides work efficiently as the corresponding polarization filters. Then, new poling electrodes are suggested to fabricate a waveguide device formed by connecting the TE and TM mode waveguides adiabatically with a slowly varying structure. This waveguide device has the optic axis slowly rotating as one moves along the propagation direction, so that it will act as polarization converter. VBPM simulation shows that the polarization of the guided mode rotates following the optic axis distribution. Polarization conversion is demonstrated successfully with high conversion efficiency and low excess loss 相似文献
34.
Tae-Sung Jung Do-Chan Choi Sung-Hee Cho Myong-Jae Kim Seung-Keun Lee Byung-Soon Choi Jin-Sun Yum San-Hong Kim Dong-Gi Lee Jong-Chang Son Myung-Sik Yong Heung-Kwun Oh Sung-Bu Jun Woung-Moo Lee Haq E. Kang-Deog Suh Ali S.B. Hyung-Kyu Lim 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》1997,32(11):1748-1757
A 3.3-V 16-Mb nonvolatile memory having operation virtually identical to DRAM with package pin compatibility has been developed. Read and write operations are fully DRAM compatible except for a longer RAS precharge time after write. Fast random access time of 63 ns with the NAND flash memory cell is achieved by using a hierarchical row decoder scheme and a unique folded bit-line architecture which also allows bit-by-bit program verify and inhibit operation. Fast page mode with a column address access time of 21 ns is achieved by sensing and latching 4 k cells simultaneously. To allow byte alterability, nonvolatile restore operation with self-contained erase is developed. Self-contained erase is word-line based, and increased cell disturb due to the word-line based erase is relaxed by adding a boosted bit-line scheme to a conventional self-boosting technique. The device is fabricated in a 0.5-μm triple-well, p-substrate CMOS process using two-metal and three-poly interconnect layers. A resulting die size is 86.6 mm2, and the effective cell size including the overhead of string select transistors is 2.0 μm2 相似文献
35.
Kwang Soon Kim Marom D.M. Milstein L.B. Fainman Y. 《Communications, IEEE Transactions on》2002,50(12):2018-2031
We propose a hybrid pulse position modulation/ultrashort light pulse code-division multiple-access (PPM/ULP-CDMA) system for ultrafast optical communications. The proposed system employs spectral CDMA encoding/decoding and PPM with very short pulse separation. The statistical properties of the encoded ULP are investigated with a general pulse model, and the performance of the proposed PPM/ULP-CDMA system is investigated. It is shown that we can improve upon the performance of other ULP-CDMA systems, such as those using on-off keying, by employing PPM. It is also shown that we can improve the performance of the proposed system by increasing the effective number of chips, by increasing the number of PPM symbols, and by reducing the ULP duration. The performance analysis shows that the aggregate throughput of the proposed PPM/ULP-CDMA system could be over 1 Tb/s. 相似文献
36.
N. Jiten Singh Adriana C. Olleta Anupriya Kumar Mina Park Hai-Bo Yi Indrajit Bandyopadhyay Han Myoung Lee P. Tarakeshwar Kwang S. Kim 《Theoretical chemistry accounts》2006,115(2-3):127-135
In earlier studies, the interactions of isolated ionic species with various solvents were investigated using ab initio calculations.
The ionic species investigated included cations (proton, hydronium, ammonium, and metal cations) and anions (single electron,
hydroxide, and halide anions). However in the present study, we investigate the interactions of these ionic species with the
solvent in the presence of other competing ionic species. We also elaborate on how the information obtained from these extensive
studies have been employed in designing and synthesizing various kinds of novel ionophores and receptors. 相似文献
37.
Jin Kyu Park Dong Hun Lee Bok Ju Song Jae Buem Oh Hwan Kyu Kim 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(3):1326-1342
We have designed and synthesized novel perfluorinated polyimides with 3D controlled structure. At first, we successfully developed the new synthetic routes to diamines with pendant bulky perfluorinated aromatic units in a multi‐step synthetic procedure. Novel perfluorinated polyimides were prepared in a two‐step reaction in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone (NMP) solution: The first step was for the synthesis of polyamic acids (PAAs) and the second reaction was for the imidization of PAA. The polymer yield was over 89% and the inherent viscosity of PAAs was in the range of 0.24–0.36 dL/g. The thin films were prepared by spin‐coating the PAA solution in NMP onto various substrates such as a Si wafer or a KBr pellet, dried at 80 °C and further cured at 230 °C. The resultant polyimides are thermally stable over 400 °C. The refractive index and birefringence of the resultant polyimides are 1.5858–1.6452 and 0.01–0.005, respectively. The refractive index of polyimide decreases with increasing the fluorine content. The copolymerization and the ether linkages into the backbone reduce the birefringence of polyimides. Surprisingly, the pendant ether linkage is not a crucial factor in reducing the polyimide birefringence. Their birefringence is comparatively very low, compared with that of previous polyimides. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 1326–1342, 2006 相似文献
38.
Hong Oh Kim Rae Young Kim Jae Kun Lim Zuowei Shen 《Journal of Approximation Theory》2007,147(2):196-204
We start with a characterization of a pair of frames to be orthogonal in a shift-invariant space and then give a simple construction of a pair of orthogonal shift-invariant frames. This is applied to obtain a construction of a pair of Gabor orthogonal frames as an example. This is also developed further to obtain constructions of a pair of orthogonal wavelet frames. 相似文献
39.
Moon Ho Lee Jong Oh Park Yasuhiko Yasuda 《Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing》1990,1(4):389-398
in this paper, simple 1-D and 2-D systolic array for realizing the discrete cosine transform (DCT) based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) fo an input sequence are presented. The proposed arrays are obtained by a simple modified DFT (MDFT) and an inverse DFT (IDFT) version of the Goertzel algorithm combined with Kung's approach. The 1-D array requiresN cells, one multiplier and takesN clock cycles to produce a completeN-point DCT. The 2-D array takes N clock cycles, faster than the 1-D array, but the area complexity is larger. A continuous flow of input data is allowed and no idle time is required between the input sequences. 相似文献
40.
Alexopoulos T Allen C Anderson EW Areti H Banerjee S Beery PD Biswas NN Bujak A Carmony DD Carter T Cole P Choi Y De Bonte RJ Erwin AR Findeisen C Goshaw AT Gutay LJ Hirsch AS Hojvat C Kenney VP Lindsey CS LoSecco JM McMahon T McManus AP Morgan N Nelson KS Oh SH Piekarz J Porile NT Reeves D Scharenberg RP Stampke SR Stringfellow BC Thompson MA Turkot F Walker WD Wang CH Wesson DK 《Physical review letters》1990,64(9):991-994