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251.
Summary The potential of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been studied for the simultaneous determination of sixteen carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides in honeybees using a traditional sample preparation protocol based on acetone extraction and dichloromethane partitioning. The performances of both atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray (ES) interfaces were compared. APCI offered better sensitivity and specificity for a higher range of pesticides. Limits of quantification were from 0.01 to 0.17 mg kg–1, at which recoveries obtained were between 64 and 93%, except for pirimicarb that was at 13%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 7 to 20%. Fenitrothion, fenoxycarb, methiocarb and phoxim were found in bees from Valencian Community beehives at concentrations between 0.03 and 3.75 mg kg–1. 相似文献
252.
A linear inequality system with infinitely many constraints is polynomial (analytical) if its index set is a compact interval
of the real line and all its coefficients are polynomial (analytical, respectively) functions of the index on this interval.
This paper provides an example of analytical system whose solution set cannot be the solution set of any polynomial system.
Research supported by DGES of Spain and FEDER of UE, Grant BFM2002-04114-C02-01.
Research supported by CONACyT of Mexico, Grant 130036.
Research partially supported by CONACyT of Mexico, Grant 44003. 相似文献
253.
In this paper we provide an error bound estimate and an implicit multifunction theorem in terms of smooth subdifferentials and abstract subdifferentials. Then, we derive a subdifferential calculus and Fritz–John type necessary optimality conditions for constrained minimization problems. 相似文献
254.
255.
The effective signal in x-ray diffraction analysis of material properties often contains high frequency (noise) and low frequency
(trend) components as additive parts. It is necessary to extract the effective signal from the noise to ensure high quality
of signal processing. Digital filters of Volterra type are proposed for filtering purposes and a comparison of Volterra filtration
implemented on x-ray diffraction data versus results from a set of other digital filters is given. 相似文献
256.
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259.
Precipitate-forming chemical reactions have been studied in chemically cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) gel medium. One of the reactive components was incorporated into the gel, the other was allowed to diffuse into it. Depending on the experimental conditions the reaction-diffusion process often results in patterns of different type. Experiments performed in tubes and in thin layers were carried out in order to investigate the effects of various factors (cross-linking density, swelling degree as well as the concentrations of the outer and inner electrolytes) on the morphologies of the precipitate patterns. It was found that precipitation occurs not only in the Liesegang bands, but also between bands. Beside Liesegang-type structures, tree-like patterns have been observed, showing a characteristic periodicity in the density profile obtained by digitalized image analyses. 相似文献
260.
In the paper, the behaviour of interior point algorithms is analyzed by using a variable metric method approach. A class of
polynomial variable metric algorithms is given achieving O ((n/β)L) iterations for solving a canonical form linear optimization problem with respect to a wide class of Riemannian metrics,
wheren is the number of dimensions and β a fixed value. It is shown that the vector fields of several interior point algorithms
for linear optimization is the negative Riemannian gradient vector field of a linear a potential or a logarithmic barrier
function for suitable Riemannian metrics.
Research Partially supported by the Hungarian National Research Foundation, Grant Nos. OTKA-T016413 and OTKA-2116. 相似文献