The stability theorem for smooth pseudoisotopies

The stability theorem states that the suspension map C(M) C(M X I) defined on the pseudoisotopy space C(M)=Diff(M X I rel M X O U M X I) of a compact smooth n-manifold M is n/3-connected. This implies that C(M) has the R~ n/3-homotopy type of the stable pseudoisotopy space P(M) which is related to Waldhausen's algebraic K-theory of spaces by Waldhausen's formula A(X) S(X₊) X B2P(X). This paper gives a detailed proof of the smooth stability theorem following ideas by Hatcher for the proof of a PL stability theorem.Supported by NSF Grant No. MCS-85-02317.     

A theoretical study on the inner-valence photoelectron spectra lying between 21 and 26 eV of the O2 molecule

Ab initio calculations were carried out to study the structures of the photoelectron spectra of the O(2) molecule using complete active space self-consistent field and multireference single and double excitation configuration interaction methods. We focused our attention primarily on the inner-valence ionized states lying below 26 eV. Vibrational levels were calculated using adiabatic potential curves and vibrational wave functions were used to obtain Franck-Condon factors. We show that not only discrete vibrational levels of (3) (2)Pi(u), but also the continuum of nuclear motion in (1) (2)Sigma(u) (-) contribute to the bands of vibrational progression and the broad peak of the continuum between 22.5 and 26 eV. Other states with weak intensity lying between 19 and 26 eV are also discussed.     

Vertex Coloring of Graphs by Total 2-Weightings

An assignment of weights to the edges and the vertices of a graph is a vertex-coloring total weighting if adjacent vertices have different total weight sums. Of interest in this paper are vertex-coloring total weightings with weight set of cardinality two, a problem motivated by the conjecture that every graph has such a weighting using the weights 1 and 2. Here we prove the existence of such weightings for certain families of graphs using any two different real weights. A related problem where all vertices have unique weight sums is also discussed.     

Locating Pairs of Vertices on a Hamiltonian Cycle in Bigraphs

Let G be a simple \(m\times m\) bipartite graph with minimum degree \(\delta (G)\ge m/2+1\). We prove that for every pair of vertices x, y, there is a Hamiltonian cycle in G such that the distance between x and y along that cycle equals k, where \(2\le k<m/6\) is an integer having appropriate parity. We conjecture that this is also true up to \(k\le m\).     

Ultrafast Electronic and Molecular Dynamics Induced by Ultrashort FEL Pulses

In recent years, short wavelength free electron lasers (FELs) have opened up access to ultrafast electronic and structural dynamics in matter. Currently, four FEL facilities are in operation in the world. FLASH [1 W. Ackermann, Nat. Photonics 1, 336 (2007).[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]] in Germany and FERMI [2 P. Emma, Nat. Photonics 4, 641 (2010).[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]] in Italy cover the range from extreme ultraviolet (EUV) to soft X-rays, while LCLS [3 T. Ishikawa, Nat. Photonics 6, 540 (2012).[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]] in the U.S. and SACLA [4 E. Allaria, Nat. Photonics 6, 699 (2012).[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]] in Japan provide pulses in the hard X-ray regime. In addition, an upgrade version of SCSS [5 T. Shintake, Nat. Photonics 2, 555 (2008).[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]], nicknamed SCSS+, has also just started user operation as a beamline of SACLA [6 See http://xfel.riken.jp/eng/users/index.html [Google Scholar]]. These FELs deliver coherent pulses combining unprecedented power densities up to ~10²⁰ W/cm² and extremely short pulse durations down to a few femtoseconds. The intense coherent FEL pulse focused down to ~1 μm² makes single-shot diffractive imaging of nano-crystals or even non-crystallized bio-samples as well as other small objects a reality. Time-resolved spectroscopic and structural studies on the timescale of femtoseconds, having FEL pulses as a probe, allow us to probe electrons and atoms in action. Additionally, since FEL pulses are in a new regime of intensity, they are opening up new research fields that exploit the interaction between intense short wavelength pulses and matter, leading to matter at extremely high energy. Relevant theories dealing with such extreme conditions are also rapidly growing.     

On the Broadwell model of the Boltzmann equation for a simple discrete velocity gas

The Broadwell model of the Boltzmann equation for a simple discrete velocity gas is investigated on two asymptotic problems. (a) The decay of solutions inxR ast+. (b) The hydrodynamical limit in the compressible Euler level as the mean free path0.     

CONFIGURATIONS OF CAROTENOIDS IN THE REACTION CENTER and THE LIGHT-HARVESTING COMPLEX OF Rhodospirillum rubrum. NATURAL SELECTION OF CAROTENOID CONFIGURATIONS BY PIGMENT PROTEIN COMPLEXES

Abstract— Carotenoids extracted from the reaction center (RC), the light-harvesting complex (LH), and the chromatophore membrane of Rhodospirillum rubrum SI were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The chemical structures and the configurations of major components were determined by means of mass, Raman, electronic absorption and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. The results indicated: (1) 15- cis -spirilloxanthin is bound to RC; (2) both all-frans-spirilloxanthin and aII-(ran.s-3,4-dihydrospirilloxanthin are bound to LH and (3) 13-cK-spirilloxanthin is additionally present in the chromatophore membrane. The natural selection of the carotenoid configurations, i.e. 15-ris by RC and aW-trans by LH, is discussed in relation to the physiological functions and the photophysical properties of isomeric carotenoids.     

Nongauge local symmetry in gravity

It is shown that there exists a class of nongauge local symmetry in gravity. It is the combination of the known gauge symmetries and _{off shell} transformation. _{off shell} is the transformation which vanishes on shell. _{off shell} invariance imposes some restriction on model Lagrangians besides gauge symmetry, though it does not reduce the physical degrees of freedom.     

Selective determination of ammonium ions by high-speed ion-exclusion chromatography on a weakly basic anion-exchange resin column

This paper describes an ion-exclusion chromatographic system for the rapid and selective determination of ammonium ion. The optimized ion-exclusion chromatographic system was established with a polymethacrylate-based weakly basic anion-exchange resin column (TSKgel DEAE-5PW) as the separation column, an aqueous solution containing 0.05 mM tetramethylammonium hydroxide (pH 9.10) as eluent with conductimetric detection for the analyte determination. Under the optimum chromatographic conditions, ammonium ion was determined within 2.3 min with a detection limit (S/N=3) better than 0.125 microM. Ammonium ion in rain and river waters was precisely determined using this ion-exclusion chromatographic system.     

Synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-triftuoromethylpyrazoles

Trifluoroacetaldehyde hydrazones are condensed with glyoxals to give 4-hydroxy-3-trifluoromethylpyrazoles, the reaction offering a novel route to 4-hydroxypyrazoles carrying trifluoromethyl group. The 4-hydroxyl group was easily converted to its derivatives by the reaction with various electrophiles.