Graft polymerization of vinyl monomers inside macroporous polyacrylamide gel,cryogel, in aqueous and aqueous‐organic media initiated by diperiodatocuprate(III) complexes

Graft polymerization initiated by diperiodatocuprate(III) complex (Cu(III)) initiator was found to be an effective and convenient method for graft polymerization of vinyl monomers onto macroporous polyacrylamide gels, the so‐called cryogels (pAAm‐cryogels). The effect of time, temperature, monomer and initiator concentration during the graft polymerization in aqueous and aqueous‐organic media was studied. The graft polymerization of water‐soluble monomers as [2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]‐trimethylammonium chloride, 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate, N‐isopropylacrylamide, and N,N‐dimethylacrylamide proceeds with higher grafting yield in aqueous medium, as compared with that in aqueous‐organic media. Graft polymerization in aqueous‐organic media such as water–DMSO solutions allows grafting of water‐insoluble monomers such as glycidyl methacrylate and N‐tert‐butylacrylamide with high grafting degrees of 100 and 410%, respectively. It was found that the deposition of initiator on the pore surface of cryogels promoted graft polymerization by facilitating the formation of the redox couple Cu(III)‐acrylamide group. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 1952–1963, 2006     

Double‐hydrophilic block copolymer for encapsulation and two‐way pH change‐induced release of metalloporphyrins

A double hydrophilic block copolymer composed of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(4‐vinyl pyridine) (P4VP) was obtained through hydrolysis of diblock copolymer of poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (PtBA) and P4VP synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization. Water‐soluble micelles with PAA core and P4VP corona were observed at low (acidic) pH, while micelles with P4VP core and PAA corona were formed at high (basic) pH. Two metalloporphyrins, zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) and cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP), were used as model compounds to investigate the encapsulation of hydrophobic molecules by both types of micelles. UV–vis spectroscopic measurements indicate that micelles with P4VP core are able to entrap more ZnTPP and CoTPP as a result of the axial coordination between the transition metals and the pyridine groups. The study found that metalloporphyrins encapsulated by the micelles with PAA core could be released on pH increase, while those entrapped by the micelles with P4VP core could be released on pH decrease. This behavior originates from the two‐way pH change‐induced disruption of PAA‐b‐P4VP micelles. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 1734–1744, 2006     

低负荷维氏硬度法的负荷选择

本文按照维氏硬度测定的技术条件,将基本公式H_v=1854P/D~2加以变换,从而得到一些较为简单的数学关系式.利用这些关系式,可以对不同金属薄带材料,很容易计算出较合理的负荷大小,既能保证不被"打穿",也使视场内有一个适合观测的压痕图象.     

Electronic properties of polyoxometalates: a DFT study of alpha/beta-[XM(12)O(40)](n-) relative stability (M=W, Mo and X a main group element)

Keggin heteropolyanions [XM(12)O(40)](n-) have various isomeric structures, alpha and beta being the most common. Conventionally, the alpha structure appears to be the most stable, but calculations carried out at the DFT level for X = P(V), Si(IV), Al(III), As(V), Ge(IV), and Ga(III) and M = W(VI) and Mo(VI) show that this stability depends on several factors, particularly on the nature of the heteroatom (X) and the total charge of the cluster. In this paper, we apply the clathrate model to the Keggin molecule to carry out a fragment-interaction study to elucidate when and why the traditional relative stability of various isomers can be inverted. The fully oxidized anions that have inverted the traditional stability trend in this series are [AlW(12)O(40)](5-) and [GaW(12)O(40)](5-), both of which contain a third-group heteroatom and an overall charge of -5. beta-isomers are always more easily reduced than alpha-isomers. This experimental observation suggests that reduction favors the stability of beta-isomers and one of the most important results of this study is that the alpha/beta inversion is achieved in most cases after the second reduction. The alpha- and beta-isomers may have different properties because the energy of the LUMO, a symmetry-adapted d(xy)-metal orbital, is different.     

Determination of hydrogen peroxide in a flow system with microperoxidase as catalyst for the luminol chemiluminescence reaction

Hydrogen peroxide is determined by a chemiluminescence method with a reagent containing 100 μM luminol and 3 μM microperoxidase at pH 10 (carbonate buffer). Microperoxidase is superior to hematin as a catalyst. The method uses an automated flow injection system with a throughput of 2 samples per minute. The log—log calibration plot is linear (slope 1.3) from the detection limit, 3 × 10^-9 M up to 10^-5 M H₂O₂. The background emission is low. Impurities in the carrier stream and from some plastics may cause elevated background unless precautions are taken.     

Hydrogen bond studies: 80. A deuteron magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopic study of the water molecule in lithium formate monohydrate,LiHCOO · H2O

A deuteron magnetic resonance and infrared study of the water molecules in lithium formate monohydrate, LiHCOO · H₂O, has been made. The quadrupole coupling constants (e²qQ/h) and asymmetry parameters (η) were found to be 198.7±0.4 and 231.3±0.6 kHz, and 0.060±0.005 and 0.097±0.003, respectively, at 25 ° C.An interpretation is given of the infrared spectra in the OH-stretching region in terms of intra- and intermolecular couplings of the water molecules. It is found that the water molecules are vibrationally distorted by their environments such that the OH-stretching modes consist of independent stretchings of the two O-H bonds.     

基于AR技术的光交箱资源校准技术

光交箱端口状态对通信网络的正常运行具有重要作用,由于光交箱内部布线杂乱,容易对端口产生排线遮挡问题,导致传统的光交箱端口图像识别操作不便。文中提出了一种基于AR技术的光交箱资源校准技术,该技术可以对实时视频自适应选取关键帧,然后对关键帧进行光交箱端口状态和文字识别,最后返回加权融合后的识别结果,并利用实时AR交互指引巡检人员处理被遮挡端口,这不仅能提升巡检人员的工作效率,还能提高实时识别准确率。将该校准技术应用到光交箱端口的智能检测中,能对光交箱的端口识别提供极大便利。     

基于激光诱导击穿光谱的煤样典型特性研究北大核心CSCD

为了准确检测煤样的各种元素含量、灰分和发热量等工业指标,提出利用激光诱导击穿光谱技术进行煤样的光谱强度信息采集。激光诱导击穿光谱技术作为一种新型的元素分析技术,通过高能脉冲激光聚集在样品表面,分析等离子体释放出的元素谱线信息,得出样品元素含量和组成。而光谱信息采样的延迟时间是光谱检测中一个非常重要的参数,为了研究延迟时间对煤样激光诱导击穿光谱信号强弱的影响,提出了通过连续背景强度变化和相对标准偏差计算来判定测量煤样的最佳延迟时间。本研究选取山东济南众标科技有限公司的三种标准煤样作为研究对象,实验测试使用Nd∶YAG脉冲激光器,波长为1064nm。对于煤质的检测,采用AvaSpec Dual型光纤光谱仪,光谱探测波长范围为两通道195~467nm和615~973nm。延迟时间为247~252μs对三种标准煤样ZBM100、ZBM101、ZBM104的光谱信息进行特征分析,通过光谱信号强度和连续背景强度随延迟时间变化的关系,判断出247~252μs范围内的最佳延迟时间。随着延迟时间的增加,连续背景强度快速衰减,在250μs时,连续背景强度和光谱信号强度分别衰减到延迟时间为247μs时的30和50。其次通过在不同延迟时间下相对标准偏差的计算,判断出标准煤样样本中Al、Si、Fe三种元素最佳延迟时间为247μs、248μs、249μs所对应的标准偏差达到最小值,得到因选用标准煤样对象不同其相对标准偏差对应元素的最佳延迟时间也会有所差异。研究结果表明,三种标准煤样ZBM100、ZBM101、ZBM104的光谱强度在247~252μs的最佳采样延迟时间为250μs。此实验研究结果,为激光诱导击穿光谱技术探测和分析煤质检测的最佳延迟时间提供了依据。     

基于背景感知的相关滤波抗遮挡优化算法

针对相关滤波目标跟踪中由于目标遮挡、出视野引起的跟踪失败等问题,以背景感知相关滤波(background aware correlation filters, BACF)算法为基础,提出一种抗遮挡优化算法。首先特征提取部分融合方向梯度直方图(histogram of oriented gradient, HOG)特征与颜色名称(color name, CN)特征;其次提出层级遮挡优化算法,在目标跟踪过程中根据平均峰值相关能量(average peak to correlation energy,APCE)和最大响应峰值判断目标外观是否发生较大变化,并通过巴氏距离进一步计算目标相邻滤波器模板特征相似程度,以此判断造成目标外观变化的真正原因,进而决定是否更新模板;针对目标出视野问题,提出模板筛查策略,跟踪过程中每隔K帧对滤波器模板进行置信度考查,若目标丢失,则生成新的模板并对目标进行全局搜索重新抓取目标。通过在目标跟踪数据集OTB2015上测试,优化算法精确度与成功率分别为83.0%与78.8%,有效提高了算法性能。