On zeta-functions associated to certain cusp forms. II

A formula for the mean value of multiplicative functions associated to certain cusp forms is obtained. The paper is a continuation of [4].     

Interaction correction to the conductance of a ballistic conductor

In disordered metals, electron-electron interactions are the origin of a small correction to the conductivity, the "Altshuler-Aronov correction." Here we investigate the Altshuler-Aronov correction deltaG{AA} of a conductor in which the electron motion is ballistic and chaotic. We consider the case of a double quantum dot, which is the simplest example of a ballistic conductor in which deltaG{AA} is nonzero. The fact that the electron motion is ballistic leads to an exponential suppression of deltaG{AA} if the Ehrenfest time is larger than the mean dwell time tau{D} or the inverse temperature h/T.     

Molecular motion of a nickel-bis(dithiolato) complex in solution

The molecular motion of the planar bis(maleonitriledithiolato)nickel anion, Ni(mnt)(2)(-), has been studied as a function of temperature using electron spin resonance (ESR) in several polar solvents; they are ethyl alcohol, eugenol, dimethyl phthalate, tri-n-butyl phosphate, tris(2-ethyl-hexyl)phosphate, diglyme, and a dimethylformamide-chloroform mixed solvent. Calculated spectra in agreement with the experimental X-band spectra are obtained using axially symmetric reorientation when the long in-plane axis is the unique (parallel) axis of the rotational diffusion tensor with D parallel/D perpendicular = 3.0-4.0; D parallel and D perpendicular are the diffusion constants for reorientation about the parallel and perpendicular axes, respectively. The reorientational model required for the simulations is either in or close to the Brownian rotational diffusion limit. In the slow motional (low temperature) region, the spectra can be simulated using the glassy g values. As the temperature increases, however, agreement is obtained only if the intermediate g factor, g(y), for the non-axially symmetric Zeeman interaction increases while g(x), g(z), and the motional model remain unchanged; this scheme and others for which gx and g(z) are possibly temperature-dependent are discussed. The values of D perpendicular from the simulations are in general agreement with those from earlier analyses of the width of the central spectral feature. The simulations and width analyses indicate (as do electrochemical, conductivity, and vapor-phase osmometry data) that the paramagnetic species reorienting in solution has a shape similar to that of the Ni(mnt)(2)(-) ion.     

Isomerism of [64Cu-NOTA-Bn]-labeled radiotracers: separation of two complex isomers and determination of their interconversion energy barrier using ion pair chromatography

The model complex [(64)Cu((S)-p-NH(2)-Bn-NOTA)](-) ([(64)Cu]1) was used to study the isomerism of [(64)Cu-NOTA-Bn]-labeled radiotracers. Two complex isomers [(64)Cu]1a and [(64)Cu]1b, which were formed at a ratio of 1:9 during the complexation of [(64)Cu]Cu(2+) with (S)-p-NH(2)-Bn-NOTA, were separated using ion pair chromatography. To study the interconversion, the nonradioactive complex isomers Cu1a and Cu1b were separated and thermally treated at 90 °C in both ammonium acetate solution and deionized water. A faster interconversion rate was observed for both isomers with lower concentrations of ammonium ions. At the end of reaction, the thermodynamic Cu1a to Cu1b equilibrium ratio was 6:94. The particular energy barriers of the interconversion for Cu1a and Cu1b were 130 kJ mol(-1) and 140 kJ mol(-1). Spectrophotometric measurements with Cu1a and Cu1b revealed two isomers adopting different geometrical configurations.     

ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF LEAVES CORRECTED FOR SCATTERING and DISTRIBUTIONAL ERROR: A RADIATIVE TRANSFER and ABSORPTION STATISTICS TREATMENT

A comprehensive treatment of light propagation through intact leaves based on the theories of radiative transfer and absorption statistics was used to calculate the theoretical absorption spectra of the chlorophyll-containing particles under conditions of multiple scattering and pigment spatial distribution equivalent to those in a leaf. These spectra were compared with the experimental in vivo spectra of leaves and in vitro spectra of chlorophyll-protein complexes extracted form these leaves. We conclude that the main discrepancies between the in vivo and in vitro spectra are apparently due to the optical artifacts specific for light propagation in leaves-multiple scattering and distributional error. Alterations of the pigment properties upon extraction significantly contribute to these discrepancies. The method has an estimated accuracy of about 10% and can be applied to derive the intrinsic optical properties of the photosynthetic mechanism in a leaf, as well as for the systematic study of their changes in the course of light adaptation.     

Risk minimising strategies for revenue management problems with target values

Consider a risk-averse decision maker in the setting of a single-leg dynamic revenue management problem with revenue controlled by limiting capacity for a fixed set of prices. Instead of focussing on maximising the expected revenue, the decision maker has the main objective of minimising the risk of failing to achieve a given target revenue. Interpreting the revenue management problem in the framework of finite Markov decision processes, we augment the state space of the risk-neutral problem definition and change the objective function to the probability of failing a certain specified target revenue. This enables us to obtain a dynamic programming solution that generates the policy minimising the risk of not attaining this target revenue. We compare this solution with recently proposed risk-sensitive policies in a numerical study and discuss advantages and limitations.