附加冷却器对冰温库融霜过程的影响

为控制冰温库融霜时的温度波动,提出采用附加冷却器制冷来抵消融霜剩余热负荷的新方法。实验结果表明,在文中的实验条件下,附加冷却器不制冷时,融霜时的库温回升在4.3℃以上;附加冷却器制冷时,融霜时的库温波动在0.5℃以内,能够满足冰温库的技术要求。另外,有附加冷却器制冷的融霜时间有所增加。     

网络科学中统一混合理论模型的若干研究进展

复杂网络的理论模型研究一直是网络科学的最重要课题之一.首先概述网络科学理论发展史上的3个里程碑以及有权演化网络的发展概况.为了全面反映确定性与随机性混合的真实世界的统一性、多样性和复杂性,使网络理论模型更加接近实际网络的全面特性,着重评述近年来发展的统一混合网络理论模型的3部曲:和谐混合择优模型、统一混合网络模型和统一混合变速增长网络模型,总结和评述了混合理论模型3部曲的不同特点和相互联系,揭示了统一混合网络的复杂性与普适性及其错综复杂的转变关系.最后指出, 该理论在多层次高科技网络等实际网络中的应用前景.      

An Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Complex Network Scrambling and Multi-Directional Diffusion

Various security threats are encountered when keys are transmitted in public channels. In this paper, we propose an image encryption algorithm based on complex network scrambling and multi-directional diffusion. Combining the idea of public key cryptography, the RSA algorithm is used to encrypt the key related to plaintext. The algorithm consists of three stages: key generation stage, complex network scrambling stage, and multi-directional diffusion stage. Firstly, during the key generation phase, SHA-512 and the original image are used to generate plaintext-related information, which is then converted to plaintext-related key through transformation mapping. Secondly, in the complex network scrambling stage, the chaotic random matrix establishes the node relationships in the complex network, which is then used to construct an image model based on the complex network, and then combines pixel-level and block-level methods to scramble images. Finally, in the multi-directional diffusion stage, the multi-directional diffusion method is used to perform forward diffusion, middle spiral diffusion, and backward diffusion on the image in turn to obtain the final ciphertext image. The experimental results show that our encryption algorithm has a large keyspace, the encrypted image has strong randomness and robustness, and can effectively resist brute force attack, statistical attack, and differential attack.     

USB在并行信号处理系统中的应用

介绍了一种在基于4片DSP(TS101)并行信号处理系统中USB的设计方法,并详细叙述了DSP(数字信号处理器)和计算机之间的USB通信的软硬件设计,包括硬件接口,USB的固件,以及应用程序设计.     

天马望远镜结构重力变形对面形和指向精度影响

以天马望远镜（简称TM65m）为研究对象,采用仿真与实验相结合的方法,对结构重力作用下主面面形精度和天线指向精度的变化进行了研究.借助有限元软件分析不同俯仰角下结构重力变形,得到主面相应的促动器调整量,将其加载到主动面系统中,经调整后天线效率在俯仰角35°和71°提高了20%.主面重力变形修正后,其顶点位置发生变化,将计算结果转化到指向模型中,得俯仰角由5°旋转到90°指向发生了0.037 99°的变化,与实际指向模型重力误差修正项系数的误差为4%.同时,发现天线俯仰及以上部分结构自重在不同俯仰角下引起俯仰轴弯曲变形,有限元分析得最大挠度为3.2 mm,挠度变化趋势与倾斜仪测量结果一致性较好,由此导致的俯仰指向变化达0.012 14°.因此,合理的结构设计对提高天线精度非常重要.     

Copolymer-supported heterogeneous organocatalyst for asymmetric aldol addition in aqueous medium

In the current study, a convenient and simple way is presented to synthesize a novel type of supported heterogeneous organocatalyst in 21-81% yield by the copolymerization of 9-amino-9-deoxy-epi-cinchonine organocatalyst with acrylonitrile using AIBN as radical initiator. The chemical compositions (x/y) and weight-average molecular weights of copolymers 1a-d were determined by (1)H NMR and GPC analysis respectively. Their porous and layered structure, and surface morphology were characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption, XRD and TEM. In the asymmetric aldol addition of p-nitrobenzaldehyde to cyclohexanone and 1-hydroxy-2-propanone in water, all the supported organocatalysts 1a-d afforded excellent isolated yields (90.2-94.7%) and stereoselectivities (96.8-97.8%ee anti, anti/syn = 91/9). The highest catalytic property (96% yield, anti/syn = 90/10 and 99%ee anti) in water as the sole solvent was achieved under the optimized conditions. Compared with cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone and acetone showed the less desired enantioselectivities in the same aldol reactions. At the end of the aldol reaction, the copolymer-supported organocatalyst 1a was readily recovered in 95-98% yield from reaction mixture by simple filtration using an organic membrane. Even in the fifth run, there was no significant loss in catalytic activity and stereocontrol (94.3% yield, 97.2%ee anti, anti/syn = 90/10). After continuous reuse five times, there was some drop in catalytic activity and stereoselectivity.     

非理想背光照相对靶壳阿贝尔密度反演的影响

建立了背光照相的模拟手段,研究了记录屏像素尺寸、背光强度分布、背光光谱非单色、针孔弥散及针孔形状对惯性约束聚变中常用塑料球壳的阿贝尔密度反演的影响。结果表明:较大的记录屏像素尺寸会掩盖密度分布的细节;高斯型的背光空间分布会使密度分布低于真实值,可能导致非物理的负密度分布;采用Mo的L带谱线作为背光源也会导致反演密度偏离真实值;当壳层厚度小于针孔尺寸时,针孔弥散效应会显著降低峰值密度,利用维纳滤波法处理背光图像后密度反演的结果得到明显改善;相同针孔面积条件下,椭圆形针孔给出的峰值密度要低于圆形针孔的结果。     

氟化石墨烯的制备及其作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

采用球磨的方法制备了少层氟化石墨烯薄片,利用原子力显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪对其微观形貌和组成结构进行了表征分析,使用SRV-Ⅳ高温摩擦磨损试验机考察了氟化石墨烯片作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能.结果表明:氟化石墨烯可以明显提高润滑油的承载能力和抗磨损性能,当添加浓度为0.30 mg/ml时,润滑油的抗磨损性能最佳.     

超短超强激光产生正电子的蒙特卡罗模拟

通过理论分析,建立了超短超强激光与固体靶作用产生正电子的蒙特卡罗模拟模型及Geant4模拟程序。模拟研究了靶材料、靶厚度及超热电子温度等对正电子产额的影响,结果表明：对铝、铜、锡、钽、金、铅6种靶材料,金靶的正电子产额最高,是优秀的正电子产生靶;不同超热电子温度下存在不同的最佳靶厚度,在最佳靶厚度以下,正电子产额随靶厚度增长而增大,靶厚度取3 mm较为合适;超热电子温度越高,正电子产额也越高,提高激光强度是增加正电子产额的有效途径。模拟研究给出了正电子角分布及其能谱,结果显示,正电子发射明显前倾,从大于90方向范围发射的正电子数量极少,且超热电子温度越高前倾特点越明显,能量呈类麦克斯韦分布,靶背法线方向出射的正电子的温度随超热电子温度升高而升高。

     

利用射频腔对激光加速质子能谱的优化

基于靶背鞘层加速机制（TNSA）产生的质子束具有宽能谱的特性,限制了其应用范围。为了产生准单能质子束,研究了基于直线加速器射频腔结构的质子能谱优化方法。在给定射频腔电压和频率情况下,计算了腔间距随优化能量的变化关系,并针对不同优化能量设计了不同大小的腔间距和腔数。在给定腔数情况下,发现只在某个能量附近可以获得单能性最好的单能峰。对能量接受范围进行了分析,要实现最终2%的能散,进入射频腔的质子束能散不能大于15%,并分析了射频腔频率对能量接受范围的影响。最后对PIC模拟得到的半高全宽为15%的一个能谱进行优化,获得了谱宽小于2%的准单色质子能谱。.