钠离子电池用高性能锑基负极材料的调控策略研究进展

锑(Sb)具有高的理论比容量、较小的电极极化、合适的Na⁺脱嵌电位、价格低廉以及环境友好的优势,而成为一种具有较大应用前景的钠离子电池负极材料。但是,Sb基负极材料的一个重要挑战是在循环过程中高比容量伴随着大的体积变化,进而导致活性材料粉化,并从集流体上脱落,这大大限制了其在钠离子电池领域的大规模应用。因此,如何解决Sb基负极材料充放电过程中体积膨胀问题对于高性能的钠离子电池设计是至关重要的。本文详细综述和讨论了Sb基材料的结构-性能关系及其在钠离子电池中的应用,详细介绍了钠离子电池Sb基负极材料在氧化还原反应机理、形貌设计、结构-性能关系等方面的最新研究进展。本综述的主要目的是探讨影响Sb基负极材料性能的决定因素,从而提出有前途的改性策略,以提高其可逆容量和循环稳定性。最后,对Sb基钠离子电池负极材料的未来发展、面临的挑战和前景进行了展望。本文可为Sb负极材料的构建和优化提供具体的观点,阐明了Sb基负极材料未来的发展方向,从而促进钠离子电池的快速发展和实际应用。     

苯酚(醌)与烯烃的不对称[3+2]环化反应: 手性二氢苯并呋喃的合成进展

二氢苯并呋喃结构单元广泛存在于具有良好生物活性和药用价值的天然产物之中, 因而引起了有机合成化学家和药物化学家们的关注. 针对该结构单元所包含的C2和C3邻二立体中心的对映选择性构建, 也是目前有机合成方法学研究的挑战性问题之一. 在众多解决方案中, 以苯酚(醌)与烯烃为底物, 具体采用催化不对称和手性辅剂诱导的[3+2]环化两种方式, 可以构建具有光学活性的二氢苯并呋喃结构单元. 本综述将不同类型的手性催化剂和手性辅剂进行分类梳理, 介绍了近年来不对称[3+2]环化反应的发展, 并重点剖析其中涉及的立体选择性控制. 同时, 简要介绍了该关键方法在二氢苯并呋喃天然产物合成中的应用. 为了启发更加高效和普适性的新催化体系出现, 最后总结和展望了不对称[3+2]环化反应的发展趋势.     

Multi-targeted molecular docking,drug-likeness and ADMET studies of derivatives of few quinoline- and acridine-based FDA-approved drugs for anti-breast cancer activity

Structural Chemistry - Quinoline- and acridine-based drugs are widely used as anti-breast cancer agents. These drugs act through various mechanisms of action; for example, neratinib acts on...     

Polyimidazolyl acetate ionic liquid grafted on cellulose filter paper as thin-film extraction phase for extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water

Recently, pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the water environment exhibited potential risks to both human and aquatic organisms. In order to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of pharmaceutical detection, the polyimidazolyl acetate ionic liquid was synthesized by Radziszewski reaction and coated on cellulose filter papers as a thin-film extraction phase for extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from water. The attenuated total reflection-infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope analyses demonstrated that the polyimidazolyl acetate ionic liquid was successfully prepared and attached to the surface of the cellulose filter paper through chemical bonding. The adsorption capacity of the homemade thin-film extraction material for the four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was greater than 8898 ng/cm² under the optimum conditions, and the desorption rate was over 90%. Then, a paper-based thin-film extraction phase-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was established for the extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water. This method provided limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.02–0.15 and 0.17–0.50 μg/L, respectively. Hence, the obtained thin-film extraction phase showed excellent recovery and reproducibility for the target non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with carboxyl groups from water.     

双水杨醛缩乙二胺·氯·四氢呋喃合钛(Ⅲ)的合成及单晶结构研究

TiCl_3·3THF与Salen-Na_2在THF中反应得到标题化合物。在混合溶剂中培养出单晶, 用X射线衍射法测定了结构。晶体属正交晶系, 空间群为D~(16)_(2h)—P_(bnm), a=0.7458(2), b=1.4075(6), c=1.8752(2) nm, z=4, 经最小二乘法修正最后偏离因子R=0.086, R_w=0.066。探讨了用TiCl_3·3THF直接与Salen-H_2反应只能得到四价钛的稳定配合物的原因。考察了此配合物与二氧化碳及烷基铝的作用。     

Macrocycle Dynamics in a Branched [8]Catenane Controlled by Three Different Stimuli in Three Different Regions

A branched [8]catenane from an efficient one-pot synthesis (72 % HPLC yield, 59 % isolated yield) featuring the simultaneous use of three kinds of templates and cucurbit[6]uril-mediated azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CBAAC) for ring-closing is reported. Design and assembly of the [8]catenane precursors are unexpectedly complex that can involve cooperating, competing and non-influencing interactions. Due to the branched structure, dynamics of the [8]catenane can be modulated in different extent by rigidifying/loosening the mechanical bonds at different regions by using solvent polarity, acid-base and metal ions as the stimuli. This work not only highlights the importance of understanding the delicate interplay of the weak and non-obvious supramolecular interactions in the synthesis of high-order [n]catenane, but also demonstrates a complex control of dynamics and flexibility for exploiting [n]catenanes applications.     

Intermetallic Compounds: Liquid-Phase Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Applications

Characterized by long-range atomic ordering, well-defined stoichiometry, and controlled crystal structure, intermetallics have attracted increasing attention in the area of chemical synthesis and catalytic applications. Liquid-phase synthesis of intermetallics has arisen as the promising methodology due to its precise control over size, shape, and resistance toward sintering compared with the traditional metallurgy. This short review tends to provide perspectives on the liquid-phase synthesis of intermetallics in terms of both thermodynamics and methodology, as well as its applications in various catalytic reactions. Specifically, basic thermodynamics and kinetics in the synthesis of intermetallics will be first discussed, followed by discussing the main factors that will affect the formation of intermetallics during synthesis. The application of intermetallics in electrocatalysis will be demonstrated case by case at last. We conclude the review with perspectives on the future developments with respect to both synthesis and catalytic applications.     

Fabrication of ZnSe/C Hollow Polyhedrons for Lithium Storage

ZnSe has got extensive attention for high-performance LIBs anode due to its remarkable theoretical capacity and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, the large volume variation for the ZnSe in the discharge/charge processes brings about rapid capacity fading and poor rate performance. Herein, ZnSe/C hollow polyhedrons are successfully synthesized by selenization of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) with resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) coating. The protection of C layer derived from RF coating layer and Ostwald ripening during the process of selenization play important roles in promoting formation of ZnSe/C hollow polyhedrons. The ZnSe/C hollow polyhedrons exhibit good rate performance and long-term cycle stability (345 mAh g⁻¹ up to 1000 cycles at 1 A g⁻¹) for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) anode. The improved electrochemical performance is benefit from the unique ZnSe/C hollow structure, in which the hollow structure can effectively avoid terrible volume expansion, and the thin ZnSe/C shell can not only provide adequate diffusion paths of lithium ions and but also enhance the electronic conductivity.     

离子注入修饰电极检测硝基苯

离子注入是一种新技术，可按人们的意愿和需要，将不同的离子注入不同的基本电极表面，制成具有催化活性强，稳定性高，重现性好等特点的修饰电极。作者研究了离子注入钴和注入镍的玻碳电极在０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲溶液中硝基苯的行为及测定。