去除脉冲噪声的小波阈值去噪算法

为了克服现有脉冲噪声去除算法的缺陷,进一步提升算法的去噪性能和鲁棒性,提出了一种去除脉冲噪声的小波阈值去噪算法.首先,根据脉冲噪声的灰度特征、分布的随机性及近似均匀性,用统计方法识别噪声像素.然后,用基于信噪强度的自适应阈值和可微收缩函数的小波去噪方法恢复噪声像素.实验结果表明,相比现有算法,本算法去噪得到的图像视觉感知效果、峰值信噪比和边缘保持指数均有较大提升,且具有更好的鲁棒性.     

一种基于误差反向传播优化的多通道SAR相位误差估计方法

方位向多通道合成孔径雷达(SAR)可实现高分辨率宽测绘带成像,准确估计通道间相位误差是保障成像质量的关键。该文提出了基于误差反向传播训练优化的通道相位误差估计方法,该方法根据多通道SAR回波生成的物理过程,构建含有通道间相位误差待估计参数的观测矩阵,通过初始化的通道误差和初始化的目标散射系数参数生成初始化的SAR回波,并计算该回波与多通道SAR实测回波之间的误差,通过深度学习中常用的误差反向传播的方法,不断训练优化上述参数,最终获得通道间相位误差的估计值,同时也得到了对稀疏目标散射系数的估计。该方法基于误差反向传播方法,并将该方法与通道误差的形成原理相结合,在稀疏假设下同时完成了相位估计和成像,为多通道SAR误差估计提供了一种全新的思路。多通道SAR仿真数据验证了该文算法的有效性。      

An Ultrarobust Composite Gel Electrolyte Stabilizing Ion Deposition for Long‐Life Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) possessing ultrahigh energy density are promising next‐generation battery systems, but the short cycle life and safety concerns caused by the uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites impede their broad applications. Herein, to address these issues, an ultrarobust composite gel electrolyte (CGE) that can effectively stabilize ion deposition for LMBs is designed via fabricating a specially structured aerogel as the matrix. The gel electrolyte matrix with a 3D interconnected highly porous structures and good affinity with liquid electrolytes is fabricated via compositing bacterial cellulose (BC) and Li_0.33La_0.557TiO₃ nanowires (LLTO NWs) into an aerogel. The composite aerogel matrix demonstrates excellent wettability and liquid electrolyte uptake (586 ± 5%), and the resulting CGE presents exceptional Young's modulus of 1.15 GPa and an extremely high lithium‐ion transference number of 0.88. More significantly, the synergistic effect from the robust BC skeleton and LLTO NWs enabling stable ion deposition effectively suppresses the growth of lithium dendrites. Armed with the CGE, ultrastable symmetric Li/Li cells demonstrate a long cycle life of 1200 h and highly stable performance even at a high current density of 5 mA cm^?2. Furthermore, half cells with the CGE exhibit remarkable enhancement in capacity, cycling stability, and rate performance.     

地月平动点导航影响因素仿真分析

本文在研究平动点轨道特性的基础上,对采用单链测距的卫星自主导航定位方法进行了分析。建立了平动点卫星轨道和绕月卫星轨道的模型,采用扩展卡尔曼滤波方法,通过测距数据估计,实现两个卫星位置的确定。验证了该方法的可行性。初步分析了不同测距误差、不同初始偏差、不同平动点卫星轨道初值等因素对自主导航定位效果的影响。     

大孔交联甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物的合成及其结构性质研究（Ⅲ）

前文[1]介绍了GTG吸附剂对水中磷的静态吸附规律性。本文将介绍吸附剂的动态吸附及对血中磷的吸附效果。实验结果表明,0．1g吸附剂处理2．0ml高磷血症患者全血，可使血磷浓度降60％以上。     

Regio- and enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation of ketones through allyl enol carbonates

The Pd-catalyzed reorganization of enol allyl carbonates to allylated ketones occurs asymmetrically in the presence of chiral ligands previously developed in this group. With 2-methylcyclohexanone, asymmetric regioselective alkylation occurs at the more substituted carbon without complications of polyalkylation. Alkylation to create quaternary centers in indanones and benzonabenone occurs in much higher ee than using tin or lithium enolates. The sense of enantioinduction in tetralones is opposite from the tin and lithium enolate examples. For the first time, asymmetric creation of tertiary centers occurs with high ee (78-99%). The different results between this reaction and the use of lithium or tin enolates suggest different mechanisms may be involved.     

固相萃取—紫外导数光谱法测定血中茚满二酮类抗凝血杀鼠剂

报道了血中敌鼠、氯敌鼠、杀鼠酮的题示测定方法。该法操作简便快速、回收率高，灵敏度较高，萃取使用国产高分子多孔微球ＧＤＸ３０１，价廉易得。三种杀鼠剂以１０ｍｇ／Ｌ量分别加于血中，回收率依次为１００．５％±２．９％、１０１．５％±１．３％及９９．３％±１．５％；血中三种杀鼠剂检出限分别为０．４、０．６及０．４ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

具有自抗炎功能的胶原基海绵伤口敷料

将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)在高温高压及KOH溶液中部分开环,得到具有羧基的ORPVP(开环率4%),再将其与胶原蛋白复合并交联制备得到具有自抗炎功能的海绵敷料.研究结果显示,该海绵材料具有均一的多孔结构,可在20s内快速吸水并接近溶胀平衡,保水率达35%;具有良好的自抗炎作用,可将由脂多糖引起的NO炎症因子降低57.1%;能有效促进NIH-3T3细胞增殖,有望在临床伤口修复治疗中得以应用.     

贝纳德对流产生的温差条件

在Boussinesq近似的基础上,忽略贝纳德对流扰动方程二阶和更高阶的扰动,建立速度场和温度场的扰动方程.通过无量纲处理得到控制贝纳德对流的超越方程,利用MATLAB求解超越方程,得到实验室产生贝纳德对流的参数,为贝纳德对流实验提供参考和指导.