气相色谱-质谱联用测定柴油机排气微粒中的可溶性有机组分

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC/MS)对柴油机排气微粒中的可溶性有机组分(SOF)进行了分离分析。SOF分析液样品采用超声提取法制取。GC条件为:SE-50型石英毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.2 mm i.d.×0.2 μm）;程序升温：初始温度100 ℃,恒温2.0 min,以4.0 ℃/min升至160 ℃,再以8 ℃/min升至250 ℃,恒温31.75 min;汽化室温度260 ℃;载气为氦气,柱头压力45 kPa;进样量1 μL。MS条件为:电子轰击离子源,电子轰击能量70 eV;倍增器电压18     

抗磁稳定悬浮结构的阻尼特性研究

研究了一种抗磁稳定悬浮结构的涡流阻尼力的阻尼特性。建立了求解涡流阻尼及阻尼系数的数学模型,借助MATLAB和COMSOL 5.6通过三维电磁场有限元仿真分析方法研究了涡流阻尼的特性以及外部激励频率、振幅、悬浮磁体厚度、导体板厚度等对涡流阻尼的影响,给出了其变化规律。结果表明：增大磁体半径与厚度、增大抗磁体边长和厚度以及减小悬浮间隙都可增大涡流阻尼。除此之外,增大外部激励的振幅与频率也可以增大涡流阻尼,但增大激励频率时涡流阻尼会出现相位滞后现象。该结果对于分析研究抗磁悬浮结构的振动特性具有一定的参考意义。     

高灵敏高分辨钛宝石激光光声光谱仪--光学长程+声学共振

分析了影响光声信号大小的多种因素,特别是光声池的大小对光声信号的影响。使用适当尺寸的圆柱形光声池并使其工作在一阶径向共振状态,结合光学长程技术,显著提高了光声信号的信噪比。用钛宝石激光器作光源,光声光谱仪的探测灵敏度达８．５×１０－ ９ ｃｍ － １（１ｖ１ 信噪比）,并测出砷烷分子振动量子数为６的高分辨泛频谱。     

DDS合成信号的频谱杂散性分析

直接数字式频率合成技术作为一种全数字系统,在硬件方面具有许多优点。但是受奈奎斯特定理、自身的结构缺陷以及目前数字器件工作速度的限制,DDS输出频率较低、杂散性能不够理想,在应用上受到了一定程度的限制。对DDS进行误差分析对于提高系统性能具有重要意义。介绍直接数字频率合成技术的原理,针对相位截断误差,对DDS合成信号的频谱杂散性进行了详细的理论分析,得到采样点数N与截断部分分母M与信噪比的关系曲线,给出了定量分析结果。并结合应用实践,讨论了不同因素对信噪比的影响,提出提高信噪比的方法和思路。     

具有三维特殊形貌/纳米结构的Pt基电催化剂

近年来我国的燃料电池技术及产业发展迅猛,然而大量使用Pt基贵金属催化剂所带来的高成本问题仍然是制约其发展最为重要的因素之一.开发和研究具有更高催化效率的Pt基贵金属催化剂对于促进燃料电池技术和产业的发展具有十分重要的意义.具有三维特殊形貌/纳米结构的Pt基催化剂是近年来出现的一类极其重要的低Pt催化剂,这类催化剂由于具...     

Molecular Packing-Controlled Mechanical-Induced Emission Enhancement of Tetraphenylethene-Functionalised Pyrazoline Derivatives

Organic mechanofluorochromic (MFC) materials with mechanical-induced emission enhancement (MIEE) are scarce. Herein, Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active tetraphenylethene-functionalised pyrazoline derivatives with various non-conjugated substituent groups (Br, F, N,N-dimethylamino and cyano groups for TPEB, TPEF, TPEN and TPECN, respectively) were designed and synthesised. The fluorescence spectra of the compounds in the solid state were sensitive to mechanical stimuli and exhibited unique MFC properties. The solid fluorescence peaks of all compounds were red shifted, whereas the quantum yields of TPEB, TPEF and TPEN were increased and that of TPECN was slightly reduced after grinding. The MIEE mechanism was systematically investigated through structure–property relationship studies. The results showed that the pyrazoline ring of TPEB with MIEE property formed H-dimer aggregates with weak π–π stacking in the solid state. After grinding, the synergistic effects of conformational planarization and destructive π–π interactions induced the red shift of the fluorescence peak and the intensity enhanced. TPECN formed incompact J-aggregates with weak intermolecular interactions instead. The conformational planarization and increased intermolecular interactions induced by grinding led to the red-shifted peak and the slightly reduced intensity. These results clearly demonstrated that the translation of packing arrangements is an efficient method to design MIEE materials, which opens a new scope for designing unique MFC materials.     

Tuning Diradical Properties of Boron-Containing π-Systems by Structural Isomerism

Tuning diradical character is an important topic for organic diradicaloids. Herein, we report the precise borylation enabling structural isomerism as an effective strategy to modulate diradical character and thereby properties of organic diradicaloids. We synthesized a new B-containing polycyclic hydrocarbon that has the indeno[1,2-b]fluorene π-skeleton with the β-carbons bonding to two boron atoms. Detailed theoretical and experimental results show that this bonding pattern leads to its distinctive electronic structures and properties in comparison to that of its isomeric molecule. This molecule has the efficient conjugation between boron atoms and π-skeleton, resulting in downshifted LUMO and HOMO levels. Moreover, it exhibits smaller diradical character and thereby inhibited diradical properties, such as significantly blue-shifted light absorption, larger energy bandgap and weak para-magnetic resonance. Notably, this B-containing polycyclic hydrocarbon possesses much stronger Lewis acidity and its Lewis acid-base adducts display enhanced diradical character, demonstrating the positive effects of Lewis coordination on modulating diradical performance.     

深度分辨漫反射测量光纤探头设计及特性

漫反射光谱人体成分检测研究中,光纤探头接收漫反射光子穿透深度及传输路径对检测效率及灵敏度影响较大,而传统的检测光纤探头无法实现对特定深度漫反射光子选择性接收。针对人体成分检测需要,提出了采用一定入射-接收角度及半球透镜耦合的漫反射测量光纤探头结构。在三层皮肤模型基础上,结合光纤探头形式改进Monte Carlo程序,计算光纤探头接收漫反射光子穿透深度,有效光子比例,有效信息载荷以及真皮层检测灵敏度。结果表明,设计的光纤探头可实现真皮层漫反射光子选择性接收,检测效率以及测量光谱受非目标层组织结构及光学参数影响较小,可有效提高人体成分无创检测灵敏度。     

Some linearly and non-linearly implicit schemes for the numerical solutions of the regularized long-wave equation

In this paper, we present some linearly implicit and non-linearly implicit schemes for investigating the numerical solutions of the regularized long-wave equation. Numerical experiments indicate that all the present schemes can give satisfactory numerical solutions. Meanwhile, numerical results also confirm the excellent conservations of three invariants in long time computations.