~1H MAS NMR characterization of hydrogen over silica-supported rhodium catalyst

Hydrogen species in both SiO2 and Rh/SiO2 catalysts pretreated in different atmospheres (H2, O2, helium or air) at different temperatures (773 or 973 K) were investigated by means of 1H MAS NMR. In SiO2 and O2-pretreated catalysts, a series of downfield signals at -7.0, 3.8-4.0, 2.0 and 1.5-1.0 were detected. The first two signals can be attributed to strongly adsorbed and physisorbed water and the others to terminal silanol (SiOH) and SiOH under the screening of oxygen vacancies in SiO2 lattice, respectively. Besides the above signals, both upfield signal at -110 and downfield signals at 3.0 and 0.0 were also detected in H2-pretreated catalyst, respectively. The upfield signal at -110 originated from the dissociative adsorption of H2 over rhodium and was found to consist of both the contributions of reversible and irreversible hydrogen. There also probably existed another dissociatively adsorbed hydrogen over rhodium, which was known to be p hydrogen and in a unique form of "delocalized hydrogen". It wa     

吡唑锌配合物的合成、晶体结构及抗肝癌细胞活性

通过溶剂挥发法合成了锌配合物[Zn(Hppo)2(ppo)Cl](1),Hppo=5-苯基-3-羟基吡唑,利用元素分析、FTIR以及X射线衍射法对配合物1进行表征。晶体结构显示配合物属于单斜晶系,P21空间群。检测了配合物1对肝癌细胞HepG2、Hep3B和Huh7的细胞形态与细胞毒性的影响,结果表明配合物1对肿瘤细胞具有明显的抑制作用。     

全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱对赤松松针挥发油化学成分的分析

选取产于小兴安岭的新鲜赤松松针,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取其中的挥发油,并通过全二维气相色谱/飞行时间质谱(GC×GC/TOF MS)对松针挥发油进行分析和鉴定。对色谱条件进行了优化,确定调制周期为6 s,二维色谱柱长为3 m,二维柱箱相对一维柱箱温度高20℃为最佳色谱条件。通过分析,鉴定出217种物质,其中萜类124种,包含单萜48种、倍半萜64种、二萜12种,共占总含量约69%,酯类33种,占总含量约12%,有机酸类6种,醇类15种,醛类15种,酮类11种和其他类化合物13种。相比于传统一维色谱(1DGC),全二维气相色谱(GC×GC)能提供数倍的峰容量,并对一些天然产物的异构体有着很好的分离,因此其在复杂天然产物分析方面具有独特优势。     

表面增强拉曼光谱技术在食品安全检测中的应用研究进展

表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)是一种新型的快速检测技术,具有信息含量丰富、灵敏度高、操作简便、可无损检测等优点,在食品安全领域有很大的实际应用价值。该文介绍了表面增强拉曼光谱技术的发展历程、增强机理、基底的分类与应用以及检测模式,综述了表面增强拉曼光谱技术在食品有害小分子物质、食源性致病菌、重金属污染和真菌毒素等方面快速检测的最新研究进展,并提出了亟待解决的问题和发展趋势。     

1,2-二（二苯基膦）乙烷氯化钯(II)的合成及催化活性

以卤化钯（X=Cl、 Br、 I）为原料,乙腈为溶剂,与1,2-二（二苯基膦）乙烷反应,合成了1,2-二（二苯基膦）乙烷卤化钯[Pd(dppe)X₂, dppe=1,2-二（二苯基膦）乙烷],产率均高于96％,其结构经¹H NMR, XRD和元素分析确证。以Suzuki反应和Stille C—C偶联反应为模板反应,研究了Pd(dppe)Cl₂的催化活性。结果表明：Pd(dppe)Cl₂对2-氯噻吩和对甲氧基苯硼酸的Suzuki偶联反应、4,7-二氯苯并噻二唑核或其他含苯并噻二唑核的卤代芳烃与其他芳香核的锡试剂的Stille C—C偶联反应的催化转化率分别为80%~85%和52%~60%,催化活性优于四（三苯基膦）钯(70%~85%和43%~50%)。     

纳米锰基普鲁士白的制备及电化学储钠性能

采用高温共沉淀法制备锰基菱方相的普鲁士白正极材料,研究合成温度对产物微结构和电化学性能的影响。研究发现,随着合成温度的提高,产物的结晶度、颗粒尺寸和嵌钠容量明显提高。当合成温度为90℃时,产物在15 mA·g^-1下首次充放电容量分别达到142和139 mAh·g^-1。在30和50 mA·g^-1分别循环300和600次时,容量仍保持在111和89 mAh·g^-1。     

分析化学课程网上实践教学的组织与实施

针对当前在远程教育平台开展实验实训教学中存在的矛盾,以分析化学为例,充分利用现代通信技术和教育的结合,在实验教学中设计多媒体、视频、虚拟仿真实验室、实验拓展设计等4大资源模块。并从网上平台设计、组织与实施、教学质量保障、效果评价等方面进行论述,探索如何构建高效的分析化学网上实践教学课堂,以满足远程教育实验教学发展的需要,为广大的自学者学习技能建立良好的学习平台。     

Physicochemical properties evolution of chars from palm kernel shell pyrolysis

To clarify the effect of the pyrolysis operating conditions of the biomass on the physicochemical properties of the char and its combustion reactivity, palm kernel shell was pyrolyzed at different temperatures (400–700 °C). Analyses such as proximate and ultimate analysis, XRD, FTIR, N₂ adsorption, and SEM were used to investigate the physicochemical properties of biochar samples. The results show that an increase in pyrolysis temperature led to a development of pore structure and specific surface area of the produced biochar, which was beneficial for improving the biochar combustion reactivity. Besides, with increase in pyrolysis temperature, the carbon content exhibits a raise trend, but the oxygen and hydrogen contents exhibit the opposite behavior, and the aromaticity and graphitization degree of biochar produced at high temperature also increase. The combustion reactivity of biochar was found to be highly dependent on the pyrolysis temperature, and the aromatic structure and graphitization degree have greater effects on biochar combustion reactivity than those of the specific surface area and pore structure.     

地方综合性大学化学创新人才培养课程新体系的建设

构建课程新体系和改革教学内容是高等教育改革永恒的主题。本文立足于地方综合性大学的特点,通过构建"四位一体"课程新体系,形成三层次的课程模块,进行多角度、多层面的课程内容改革,为化学创新型人才的培养奠定了基础。     

蜂窝状Ho改性Fe-Mn/TiO2催化剂的制备及其低温选择催化还原(SCR)脱硝性能

采用模压法制备了蜂窝状Ho改性的Fe-Mn/TiO₂催化剂,研究了结构助剂、黏合剂和造孔剂等对成型催化剂低温选择催化还原（SCR）脱硝性能的影响。优选出一套理想的成型参数：水粉质量比为40%且逐次分批加入;结构助剂玻璃纤维的用量为10%（质量分数）;黏合剂羧甲基纤维素的用量为5%（质量分数）;助挤剂甘油的添加量为10%（质量分数）且分批加入;造孔剂活性炭粉的用量为2%（质量分数）。该蜂窝状催化剂在120 ℃下脱硝率维持在90%以上,并且在SO₂体积分数低于0.02%时具有一定的抗硫抗水性。表征结果表明,成型后蜂窝状催化剂比表面积降低,颗粒分散程度明显减弱,并且表面酸量和表面Mn⁴⁺含量下降,对催化活性有一定的影响。