Unified Maneuvering Model for Target Tracking by Using Range-rate Measurement

A novel Unified maneuvering model （UMM） for tracking the target performed the complex curvilinear motion in two dimensions is presented, where the model is constructed by time-varying parameters and driven by the along-track and cross-track acceleration in- put, and the range rate plays a key role to update vari- able parameters online. In Cartesian coordinates, by incorporating the cross-track acceleration component which is estimated online by using the range-rate, and the along- track acceleration component which is determined under the assumption of zero-mean first order Markovian process, the proposed UMM exhibits highly self-adjustment capability to compensate the mismatch between the actual motion and the mathematic model adaptively, espe-cially, shows a well capability to approximate the standard Interacting multiple model （IMM） under the situation of complex curvilinear motion and a higher level of the measurement noise. Simulation results validate our theory and show that UMM-based filtering is superior to that using the Current statistic model （CSM）, and has a well approx- imation to IMM, meanwhile, has a low computational load substantially.     

Noise Temperature Characteristics and Gain-control of Avalanche Photodiodes for Laser Radar

Avalanche photodiodes（APDs） are promising light sensors with high quantum efficiency and low noise. It has been extensively used in radiation detection, laser radar and other weak signal detection fields. Unlike other photodiodes, APD is a very sensitive light detector with very high internal gain. The basic theory shows that the gain of APD is related to the temperature. The internal gain fluctuates with the variation of temperature. Investigated was the influence of the variation of the gain induced by the fluctuation of temperature on the output from APD for a very weak laser pulse input in laser radar. An active reverse-biased voltage compensation method is used to stabilize the gain of APD. An APD model is setup to simulate the detection of light pulse signal. The avalanche process, various noises and temperature＇s effect are all included in the model. Our results show that for the detection of weak light signal such as in laser radar, even a very small fluctuation of temperature could cause a great effect on APD＇s gain. The results show that the signal-tonoise ratio of the APD＇s output could be improved effectively with the active gain-control system.     

基于虚拟仪器技术的整车测试数据采集系统

整车测试数据的采集和汇总是确定汽车质量的一个重要依据.本文应用NI公司的产品LabVEW专业版软件,对汽车制造业中的车辆性能测试设备进行数据采集汇总,生成可独立运行的EXE文件,与数据库相连,形成一个信息管理系统,提高了整车性能测试的数据采集效率和信息汇总单的真实可信度,满足了制造业信息化对于信息要求准确、快捷的要求.该信息采集系统经过近1年的应用,性能稳定,数据采集完整可靠.在制造业的信息管理系统中应用LabVIEW软件,具有很好的推广前景.     

DSLAM传输网技术

无线Mesh网络(Wireless Mesh Network,WMN)是一种新兴的源于移动Ad Hoc网络的宽带无线接入技术.它通过网关节点接入因特网.实际应用中当网络接入业务量很大或网络规模扩大时,一个网关节点将成为网络接入性能的"瓶颈",大量转发的数据包将导致严重的拥塞.针对此问题提出一种基于移动自组网DSR协议的多网关选播路由协议MAMSR,仿真实验表明它能有效解决接入拥塞问题.     

老化处理试验对铜箔与树脂基板的附着性的影响

概述了镀锌的铜箔暴露于老化处理氛围中（313K,90％RH,168h）以后,铜箔上镀锌层的取向和HCl浸渍后的剥离损失对附着性的影响。试验结果表明箔镀层（0002）取向的锌基面比其它取向具有较低的HCl浸渍后的剥离损失。     

适应高密度化和高速化的FPC新技术开发

概述了适应高密度化和高速化要求的FPC新技术：电沉积聚酰亚胺工艺,半加成法工艺、聚酰亚胺蚀刻工艺。     

基于金纳米簇探针的荧光猝灭检测铁离子

以D-色氨酸为保护剂和还原剂, 采用水热法快速制备了具有强荧光的金纳米簇(D-Trp@AuNCs); 以其作为荧光探针, 建立了基于荧光猝灭的选择性高灵敏检测Fe³⁺的传感方法. 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)和红外光谱(IR)等手段对制备的金纳米簇进行了表征, 并利用荧光光谱研究了D-Trp@AuNCs的荧光性能. 结果表明, D-Trp@AuNCs具有较好的生物相容性, 其最大激发波长为370 nm, 最大发射波长为460 nm; 向金纳米簇溶液中加入Fe³⁺后, D-Trp@AuNCs的荧光发生明显猝灭, 其猝灭程度与Fe³⁺的浓度在0.3~500.0 μmol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系, 检出限为33.1 nmol/L(S/N=3). 将该荧光探针用于实际水样中Fe³⁺的检测, 回收率为86.6%~106.5%.     

以时温等效方法研究尼龙1010应力松弛行为及使用寿命预测

以尼龙材料的应力松弛行为作为研究对象, 考察初始应变为1.0%, 2.8%和5.1%的尼龙1010样品在温度区间293353 K的松弛曲线, 采用时间-温度等效叠加方法得到了松弛模量主曲线, 计算出叠加过程中的表观活化能、 松弛过程中的活化体积和应力辅助功. 结果表明, 整个松弛过程中的表观活化能和应力辅助功表现出相同的变化趋势, 体现出松弛过程中克服运动单元位垒的过程. 当293323 K区间的松弛曲线叠加时, 随着初始应变的增加, 表观活化能和应力辅助功均逐渐降低, 有助于聚合物内部的运动单元越过能垒发生松弛, 与松弛过程中的应力辅助热活化理论相一致; 当333353 K区间的松弛曲线叠加时, 不同初始应变样品的表观活化能均为260 kJ/mol, 应力辅助功均为60 MPa·nm³, 说明松弛过程中克服运动单元的能垒与应力作用无关. 根据松弛主曲线, 计算出了尼龙1010在1.0%, 2.8%和5.1% 3种形变下, 长时间范围内应力衰减与时间的关系, 为预测实际使用过程中的应力松弛行为提供了依据.     

羟烷基壳聚糖制备及应用研究进展

壳聚糖是由甲壳素通过脱乙酰作用得到的一种天然高分子多糖,具有良好的生物相容性、抗菌性、无毒和可生物降解等优点,但壳聚糖水溶性差限制了其在很多方面的应用。为克服壳聚糖在水溶性上的不足,利用壳聚糖结构中氨基和羟基上的活泼氢进行化学改性以引进羟烷基等亲水性基团成为重要手段。本文主要对壳聚糖羟烷基化改性的方法及羟烷基壳聚糖在医药、水处理和组织工程材料等领域的研究和应用现状进行介绍,并对羟烷基壳聚糖未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

液压起货机变频调速系统设计和特性分析

传统的液压起货机存在效率低、噪音大、维护成本高等问题,难以满足现代节能环保的发展要求。变频液 压调速从源头上解决功率匹配问题,电机始终处在高效率的工作状态,避免了电机和液压泵的高速连续运 转,提高了设备的可靠性、使用寿命和能源利用率。本文提出在起货机上运用变频液压调速系统的设计方 案,并对其工作特性进行了分析。