Metrological orientation-confirmation of Si(h h k) using scanning tunneling microscopy

For the periodicity-modulation of the Si(h h k) template between (0 0 1) and (1 1 1), it is necessary to prepare the surface with any orientation within this range, most especially for fabricating useful one-dimensional nanostructures. Especially, when there are no strong X-ray signals using the standard Cu K-α source in the vicinity of any arbitrarily chosen (H H K), it turns out that the line-profile analysis on the topographic image of scanning tunneling microscopy can be a unique way for confirming the orientation of the prepared surface. Though there are a number of small-width facets on the reconstructed surface, if any of well-defined facets, such as (1 1 1), (3 3 7), (1 1 2), and (3 3 5), are included in these facets it is possible to determine the orientation using the weighted-average method.     

Performance studies of a full-length prototype for the CASTOR forward calorimeter at the CMS experiment

The Time-Of-Flight detector (TOF) of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC is based on Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPCs). The TOF detector consists of 152928 readout channels covering a total area of 141 m². In this paper the results of the calibration with cosmic-ray data collected during 2009 are presented.     

A di‐tert‐butyl acrylate monomer for controlled radical photopolymerization

A new di‐tert‐butyl acrylate (diTBA) monomer for controlled radical polymerization is reported. This monomer complements the classical use of tert‐butyl acrylate (TBA) for synthesis of poly(acrylic acid) by increasing the density of carboxylic acids per repeat unit, while also increasing the flexibility of the carboxylic acid side‐chains. The monomer is well behaved under Cu(II)‐mediated photoinduced controlled radical polymerization and delivers polymers with excellent chain‐end fidelity at high monomer conversions. Importantly, this new diTBA monomer readily copolymerizes with TBA to further the potential for applications in areas such as dispersing agents and adsorbents. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 801–807     

Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide from Hydrogen and Oxygen Using Tailored Pd Nanocatalysts: A Review of Recent Findings

Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen is being actively studied as an alternative to the current manufacturing process. The direct synthesis route has not reached the point of commercialization because of low yields, but significant effort is being spent on enhancing the productivity. With advances in computational capacity, simulation studies based on DFT calculations now offer directions for catalyst improvement, but such modifications can only be realized through the application of nanoparticle synthesis techniques that allow for nanocrystal morphology and size control and unique immobilization. To date, there have only been a small number of studies on such nanoparticles with size and crystallographic homogeneity for the direct hydrogen peroxide synthesis. According to our knowledge no other group has systematically investigated application of nanoparticles in direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, and thus included in this review are primarily previous studies conducted by our group. In this review, we discuss the utilization of nanotechnology for the synthesis of Pd catalysts and its effect on the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, and we suggest a direction for future studies.     

Interfacial Reactions and Microstructures of Sn-0.7Cu-<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis>Zn Solders with Ni-P UBM During Thermal Aging

The effects of the addition of Zn to Sn-0.7Cu solders are investigated. The study is focused on the interfacial reactions, microstructures, and mechanical properties after reaction with Ni-P under bump metallurgies (UBMs). The Zn contents in Sn-0.7Cu-xZn are varied as 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 (in wt.% unless otherwise specified). In the reaction with Ni-P UBM during thermal aging at 150°C for 1000 h, (Cu,Ni)₆Sn₅ intermetallic compounds (IMCs) are formed at the Sn-0.7Cu/UBM interface, whereas Zn is incorporated into IMCs to form (Cu,Ni,Zn)₆Sn₅ in the Zn-doped solders. As the Zn content increases, the interfacial IMC thickness is reduced. A total reduction of about 40% in IMC thickness was observed for the 0.8% Zn-doped Sn-Cu. The same IMC particles are also observed in the matrix of each solder. In Sn-0.7Cu, (Cu,Ni)₆Sn₅ particles are coarsened during aging, while (Cu,Ni,Zn)₆Sn₅ particles in the Zn-added solders are less coarsened and remain much smaller than (Cu,Ni)₆Sn₅. The growth rate of (Cu,Ni)₆Sn₅ during thermal aging is significantly suppressed by the addition of Zn. Consequently, after reaction with Ni-P UBM, the Zn-doped solders exhibit a thermally stable microstructure as measured by hardness and shear strength.     

Feature Detection and Simplification of 3D Face Data with Facial Expressions

We propose an efficient framework to realistically render 3D faces with a reduced set of points. First, a robust active appearance model is presented to detect facial features in the projected faces under different illumination conditions. Then, an adaptive simplification of 3D faces is proposed to reduce the number of points, yet preserve the detected facial features. Finally, the point model is rendered directly, without such additional processing as parameterization of skin texture. This fully automatic framework is very effective in rendering massive facial data on mobile devices.