A New CMOS Current-Mode Multiplexer for l0 Gbps Serial Links

This paper presents an in-depth study of the pros and cons of voltage-mode multiplexers for Gbps serial links and exploits the advantages of multiplexing in current domain. In addition, it proposes a new fully differential CMOS current-mode multiplexer where a high multiplexing speed is achieved by multiplexing at a low-impedance node. Multiplexing speed is further improved by inductive shunt peaking with active inductors. The differential configuration of the multiplexer minimizes the effect of common-mode disturbances, particularly those coupled from the power and ground rails. The flow of the output currents in the opposite directions minimizes the effect of electro-magnetic interference from channels, making the multiplexer particularly attractive for high-speed data transmission over long interconnects and printed-circuit-board (PCB) traces. The proposed multiplexer draws a constant current from the supply voltage, thereby minimizing both switching noise and noise injected to the substrate. A fully differential CMOS current-mode 8-to-l multiplexer has been implemented in TSMC’s 1.8 V 0.18 μm CMOS technology and analyzed using Spectre from Cadence Design Systems with BSIM3.3v device models. Simulation results demonstrate that the multiplexer offers sufficiently large eye-opening when multiplexed at 10 Gbps.Jean Jiang received the B.Eng. degree in Electrical Engineering from Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China in 1995. From 1999 to 2001, she worked for Ericsson Global IT Services where she was a technical staff to maintain computer networks. Since 2002, she has been a research assistant with the System-on-Chip research lab of Ryerson University. She is currently a M.A.Sc candidate under the supervision of Dr. Fei Yuan in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada. Her research interests are in analog CMOS circuit design for high-speed data communications. She was awarded the Ontario Graduate Scholarship (OGS) in 2003–2005 for academic excellence.Fei Yuan received the B.Eng. degree in electrical engineering from Shandong University, Jinan, China in 1985, the MASc. degree in chemical engineering and PhD. degree in electrical engineering from University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada in 1995 and 1999, respectively.During 1985–1989, he was a Lecturer in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Jiangsu, China. In 1989 he was a Visiting Professor at Humber College of Applied Arts and Technology, Toronto, Canada. During 1989–1994, he worked for Paton Controls Limited, Sarnia, Ontario, Canada as a Controls Engineer. Since July 1999 he has been with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where he is currently an Associate Professor and the Associate Chair for Undergraduate Studies and Faculty Affairs. He is the co-author of the book “Computer Methods for Analysis of Mixed-Mode Switching Circuits” (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004, with Ajoy Opal). Dr. Yuan received an “Excellence of Teaching” award from Changzhou Institute of Technology in 1988, a post-graduate scholarship from Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada during 1997–1998. He is a senior member of IEEE and a registered professional engineer in the province of Ontario, Canada.     

Molecular containers based on amphiphilic PS-b-PMVE dendrigraft copolymers: topology, organization, and aqueous solution properties

The synthesis, characteristics, and properties of amphipatic, water-soluble dendrigrafts, with a polystyrene core and polystyrene-b-poly(methyl vinyl ether) (PS-b-PMVE) diblock as external branches, are described. The dendrigrafts are observed by AFM and TEM as egglike or long cylindrical objects which can self-organize intramolecularly in segregated subdomains forming flowerlike or strings of flowerlike objects. In organic solvents the dendrigrafts behave as fully soluble isolated macromolecules and show in water a low critical solubility temperature (LCST) at t > 30 degrees C. The ability of the amphiphilic PS-b-PMVE dendrigrafts to complex and transport in water organic (pyrene) and metallo-organic (manganese tetraphenyl porphyrin) molecules is investigated. The possibility to stabilize the high oxidation state of metallo-porphyrin complexes through their encapsulation into the dendrigraft is shown.     

Mise en evidence de la polarisation d'une onde de surface par absorption atomique

Particular polarisation of surface waves is demonstrated using hyperfine dipolar magnetic transitions. We compare the relative intensities of F = 2, M = 2 ? F = 1, M = 1 andF = 2, M =-2 ? F = 1, M = -1 lines in the fundamental state of ⁸⁷Rb     

The use of extraction tests for deciding waste disposal options

Laboratory extraction test conditions do not accurately reflect the conditions within a land disposal facility. Current procedures lack the precision required for the results to be used as the basis for decision making.     

Observation of Lamb dips by infrared fluorescence detection in D2CO

Fluorescence detected Lamb dips have been observed in D₂CO. The D₂CO was placed inside a CO₂ waveguide laser cavity and fluorescence detection was performed with a InSb detector. Possible explanations for this observation are discussed.