几何光学教学中关于变折射率材料问题的计算实例

针对大学光学课程中所讨论的成像问题均为"近轴近似"这一情形,指出为增强教学效果、提升学生对所学理论在实践上的信心,需对非近轴近似的一般化情形给予一定讨论;明确了直接从费马原理反解折射率变化规律的不可行性,采用近似办法,将变折射率的泛函问题转化为关于斜率的一维函数问题,利用欧拉方程进行分析,通过数值计算得出适合于材料制作的一组参考参数.     

航拍图像效果增强软件研究

图像效果增强软件在航拍图像的后期处理中具有重要的作用,为了实现航拍图像效果增强软件,首先对软件进行了总体设计;其次对软件中涉及的主要图像处理算法原理进行了分析（自适应中值滤波算法、边缘检测算法以及SPIHT编解码算法）;最后,采用VC＋＋6.0和Matlab实现了该软件,同时对软件中主要算法的航拍图像处理效果进行了实验...     

Experiment on relationship between the magnetic gradient of low-carbon steel and its stress

In geomagnetic field, a series of tensile experiments on the low-carbon steel sticks were carried out. A special homemade detector was used to measure the magnetic gradient on the material surface. The results showed that the relationship between the magnetic gradient and the stress varied with different conditions of measurement. There was no obvious correlation between the magnetic gradient and the tensile stress if the sample remained on the material test machine. If the sample was taken off from the machine, the measured magnetic gradient was linear with the prior maximum stress. In Nanjing, PR China, a place of 32°N latitude, the slope of the linear relationship was about 67 (uT/m)/MPa. This offered a new method of non-destructive stress testing by measuring the magnetic gradient on the ferromagnetic component surface. The prior maximum applied stress of the sample could be tested by measuring the present surface magnetic gradient. Actually this phenomenon was the metal magnetic memory (MMM). The magnetic gradient near the stress concentration zone of the sample, the necking point, was much larger than other area. Thus, the hidden damage in the ferromagnetic component could be detected early by measuring the magnetic gradient distribution on its surface. In addition, the magnetic memory signal gradually weakened as the sample was taken off and laid aside. Therefore, it was effective for a given period of time to detect the stress or stress concentration based on the MMM testing.     

LYVE-1 在甲状腺乳头状癌的表达和意义

目的 观察淋巴管透明质酸受体1（LYVE-1）的表达和癌周组织中淋巴管的生成情况在甲状腺恶性肿瘤的变化及转 移中的作用。方法 应用免疫组织化学和real-time PCR方法检测45 例甲状腺乳头状癌中央区、癌周边区和正常甲状腺组织中的LYVE-1及其mRNA 表达情况,并计算淋巴管密度（LVD）。结果 甲状腺乳头状癌周边区LVD 高于甲状腺乳头状癌中央区,而正常组织中很少见LYVE-1 阳性的微淋巴管;甲状腺乳头状癌周边区LVD 与淋巴结转移有密切关系（P＜0.05）。结论 LYVE-1是一种特异性较高的淋巴管内皮特异性标志物,对淋巴管生成促进甲状腺乳头状癌的淋巴结转移。     

Thermal Behavior of Polypropylene-g-glycidyl Methacrylate Prepared by Melt Grafting

The thermal behaviors of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-grafted polypropylene (PP) (PP-g-GMA) with two different grafting degrees, namely, GPP1 and GPP2, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermogravimetrical analysis (TGA). DSC results suggested that the GMA grafted PP exhibited higher crystallization temperature T_c, higher melting temperature T_m, and higher crystallinity compared with the neat PP. The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed with the Avrami equation and the total crystallization activation energy was calculated. It was concluded that the crystallization processes of PP and the grafted PP were controlled by nucleation and the values of the crystallization activation energy of PP and the grafted PP were almost identical. POM results suggested that the GMA grafted PP exhibited smaller spherulites size compared with the neat PP. WAXD patterns indicated that the neat PP encouraged the formation of γ phase, compared with the grafted PP, during the crystallization process. DMA results showed that melt grafting did not induce a clear effect on the γ-transition and β-transition of the amorphous phase but resulted in a decrease in mobility of the PP chains in the crystals. TGA curves suggested that the melt grafting slightly improved the thermal stability of PP.     

等效相移光栅反射光谱特性的研究

等效相移光栅的原理是,通过对取样光纤布拉格光栅在特定点进行毫米尺度的“位移”,经过傅里叶变换,在各频率通道产生“等效相移”。首先利用光栅的Turan传输矩阵进行数值模拟,验证了真实相移光栅的各种性质在等效相移光栅中的实现,然后针对当前关于等效相移光栅的报道中,-2级光栅反射率都很低,并且没有出现“等效相移”的情况,提出了一种实现-2级等效相移光栅的方法,并进行了仿真验证。最后给出了等效相移光栅反射率随长度变化的曲线。     

Light absorption distribution of prostate tissue irradiated by diffusing light source

Determination of light absorption distribution in the prostate tissue irradiated by diffusing light source is important for the treatment planning.In this paper,a three-dimensional(3D)optical model of human prostate is developed,and the light absorption distribution in the prostate tissue is estimated by Monte Carlo simulation method.Light distribution patterns including 3D distributions in the tissue model irradiated by two diffusing light sources are obtained and compared.Also,the impacts of length and energy of cylinder diffusing light source on the irradiance volume are demonstrated.Those results will be significant for the nondestructive qualitative assessments of photodosimetry in biomedical phototherapy.     

全光纤高速模拟信号偏振态测量系统的研究

全光纤高速偏振态测量,尤其是模拟信号的偏振态高速测量在光纤通信和光纤传感等领域中有着重要应用。在深入研究光电探测器放大电路的基础上,搭建了基于光纤偏振控制器(PC)、偏振分束器(PBS)以及模拟光电探测器的全光纤高速偏振态测量系统。用搭建的系统对0~50 MHz模拟信号的偏振态进行了测量,并与商用偏振分析仪进行了误差比较。实验表明,此偏振态测量系统可实现速率0~50 MHz模拟信号Stokes参量的准确测量,显示在邦加球上的测量误差半径在0.03以下,与商用偏振分析仪处于同一量级。系统重复性良好,且可测模拟信号的速率远超目前商用偏振分析仪,为许多待测光为模拟信号的光纤传感系统提供了有效的测量手段。