Electrosynthesis of α-Amino Acids from NO and other NOx species over CoFe alloy-decorated Self-standing Carbon Fiber Membranes

The conversion of industrial exhaust gases of nitrogen oxides into high-value products is significantly meaningful for global environment and human health. And green synthesis of amino acids is vital for biomedical research and sustainable development of mankind. Herein, we demonstrate an innovative approach for converting nitric oxide (NO) to a series of α-amino acids (over 13 kinds) through electrosynthesis with α-keto acids over self-standing carbon fiber membrane with CoFe alloy. The essential leucine exhibits a high yield of 115.4 μmol h⁻¹ corresponding a Faradaic efficiency of 32.4 %, and gram yield of products can be obtained within 24 hours in lab as well as an ultra-long stability (>240 h) of the membrane catalyst, which could convert NO into NH₂OH rapidly attacking α-keto acid and subsequent hydrogenation to form amino acid. In addition, this method is also suitable for other nitrogen sources including gaseous NO₂ or liquidus NO₃⁻ and NO₂⁻. Therefore, this work not only presents promising prospects for converting nitrogen oxides from exhaust gas and nitrate-laden waste water into high-value products, but also has significant implications for synthetizing amino acids in biomedical and catalytic science.     

煌焦油蓝-溴酸钠体系催化动力学光度法测定痕量甲醛

基于H2SO4介质中甲醛催化NaBrO3氧化煌焦油蓝的褪色反应,建立了测定痕量甲醛的催化动力学分析方法。探讨了该方法的反应机理,对其反应条件进行了研究。测定线性范围为0．16～2．00μg／mL,检出限为8ng／mL。方法已应用于海产品水发液中痕量甲醛的测定。     

A new cycloartane glycoside from Camptosorus sibiricus Rupr

A new cycloartane glycoside was isolated from the dried aerial parts of Camptosorus sibiricus Rupr. By means of chemical and spectroscopic methods (IR, 1D and 2D NMR, ESI-MS), the structure was established as 3beta, 7beta, 24beta, 25, 30-pentahydroxycycloartane-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-24-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 2)-D-glucopyranoside (1).     

二甲基亚砜-水混合溶液的等效介电常数特异性研究

在2.45 GHz下利用微扰谐振腔法测量二甲基亚砜(DMSO)-水(H₂O)混合溶液的等效介电常数过程中, 发现混合溶液等效介电常数虚部大于其中任一组分的介电常数虚部的特异现象. 分析表明, 这种特异性现象的发生主要是由于DMSO与H₂O混合后溶液的高频摩擦项大于混合前引起的. 因此, 经典混合物介电常数公式需要进行适当修正才能较好地适用于这类特异性问题计算.     

22 μm波段多波长可调谐光纤激光器研究

设计了一种基于马赫-曾德(M-Z)光纤干涉滤波器的可调谐多波长掺铥环形光纤激光器,M-Z光纤滤波器由两个3 d B耦合器级联构成,通过光纤耦合器接入环形腔中,并利用Sagnac光纤反射镜实现反射式滤波。实验利用一个发射功率为250 m W的1573 nm光纤激光器作为泵浦源,通过一个1570/2000 nm波分复用器(WDM)注入一段4 m长单模掺铥光纤(TDF)中获得2μm波段光增益。环形腔内加入偏振控制器(PC)调节腔内损耗,实现了2μm波段可调谐多波长输出,观测到最多3个波长激光。     

联合多普勒及MW周跳探测和修复方法

导航定位中针对双频码相组合法(MW)无法探测L1和L2载波同一历元发生相同周跳,以及周跳探测后不能实现频率间周跳分离的情况,提出了一种联合多普勒及MW组合法的周跳探测改进方法。利用多普勒积分可对单频点进行周跳检测和修复的特性,将传统MW组合法与多普勒积分法相结合,建立改进模型,从而计算并分离出L1和L2载波相位产生的周跳。用实测数据进行验证和分析,对比了3种不同情况下改进方法的检测效果,实验表明新算法能精确探测和分离出L1和L2载波相位中的周跳组合,可以准确探测周跳发生位置及周跳数值,并且能够探测和修复1周以上的周跳,有效提高了MW组合算法探测与修复周跳的准确性和可靠性。     

光源谱型对保偏光纤应力传感信号的影响

保偏光纤对入射的线偏振光具有偏振保持能力,用白光干涉系统可实现准分布式应力、温度和位置传感。超辐射发光二极管(SLD)当驱动电流较小时,光谱服从高斯分布;随着驱动电流增加,中心波长向短波方向漂移,光谱畸变,可用两个高斯函数相加拟合。本文详细分析了SLD光源在不同驱动电流下的谱型分布及拟合曲线,并在保偏光纤应力传感系统中进行了实验,实验结果表明随着光源输出功率增加,在耦合点两侧对称分布着伪耦合点。当光源功率为15 mW时,伪耦合点的耦合强度比力致耦合点的耦合强度约小15 dB。     

Structure and stability of X4Y4H4 (XY=CC,BN)

Ab initio calculations have been carried out to study the structures and relative stabilities of the planar eight‐membered ring B₄N₄H₄ and its isoelectronic species C₈H₄ at the HF/6‐31G*, MP2/6‐31G*, MP2/6‐311G**, and MP4SDQ/6‐31G* levels. The analyses of Milliken population, vibration frequencies, π‐molecular orbital components, and orbital energy levels were used to evaluate the relative stabilities of these two similar systems. The homodesmotic reactions were also taken to be a useful index of relative stability for X₄Y₄H₄ (XY=CC, BN) and gave the resonance energies with MP4SDQ/6‐31G* of C₈H₄ (?37.2 kcal/mol) < B₄N₄H₄ (?29.2 kcal/mol). Furthermore, we calculated the thermodynamic functions of these reactions to discuss the influence of temperature. It is concluded that B₄N₄H₄ may exist in theory and could be a little more stable than C₈H₄. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 82: 293–298, 2001     

Synthesis of dihydroxyurea and its application to the U/Pu split in the PUREX process

Dihydroxyurea (DHU) was synthesized using tri-associated solid phosgene [bis(trichloromethyl) carbonate] dissolved in dioxane and hydroxylamine hydrochloride dissolved in potassium acetate solution. The reduction of Pu(IV) by DHU was investigated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The reduction back-extraction behavior of Pu(IV) in 30% tri-butyl phosphate/kerosene was firstly investigated under conditions of various temperature, various DHU and HNO₃ concentrations and various phase contact times. The results showed that Pu(IV) in the organic phase can be stripped rapidly to the aqueous phase by DHU. Simulating the 1B contactor of the PUREX process using a 0.1 M DHU in 0.36M nitric acid solution as the stripping agent, the separation factors of uranium/plutonium can reach 2.1·10⁴. This indicates that DHU is a promising salt free agent for uranium/plutonium separation.     

反应气中活化后的镍酸镧用于二氧化碳加氢生成甲烷

采用柠檬酸法制备了钙钛矿镍酸镧,并将其作为催化剂的前躯体用于二氧化碳甲烷化反应中。催化剂在400℃~700℃温度下反应气中进行活化处理。活化过程中生成了金属镍颗粒和碳酸氧化镧。金属镍呈高度分散状并被碳酸氧化镧包裹,这种现象有助于反应在400℃和500℃的高温下仍保持高活性和稳定性。XRD、XPS、TEM和H₂-TPD等表征测试表明,在活化过程中生成的碳酸氧化镧对反应起到了至关重要的作用。