基于Kahan方法的磁流变抛光凸元件几何特性分析北大核心CSCD

凸光学元件在磁流变抛光区域的几何特性对制造高精度、高表面完整性光学元件有重要影响,凸光学元件曲率、嵌入深度与角度的变化将引起磁流变抛光区域压力场的变化。为了研究凸光学元件不同的曲率、嵌入深度与嵌入角度下抛光区域的压力场,首先通过建立磁流变抛光过程中压力模型,对抛光区域的压力进行分析;其次基于Kahan数值方法建立了多场耦合积分的快速计算方法。最后,计算凸光学元件在不同曲率、嵌入深度及角度下得到磁流变抛光区域压力场分布,研究凸元件在磁流变抛光区域受几何特性影响的工艺规律;得出结论:在磁流变抛光过程中通过改变凸光学元件曲率、相同曲率下的嵌入深度以及角度的情况下,当加工凸元件曲率增大时,磁流变抛光区域压力场会随之增大;当凸元件曲率一定、嵌入深度逐渐变深时,磁流变抛光区域压力场会增大;当凸元件曲率一定、嵌入角度增加时,磁流变抛光区域压力场会随角度先增大再减小。     

CMOS图像传感器辐照损伤效应仿真模拟研究进展

CMOS图像传感器(CIS)工作在空间辐射或核辐射环境中遭受的辐照损伤问题备受关注。对CIS辐照损伤效应进行仿真模拟研究有助于深入揭示辐照损伤机理,进而开展抗辐射加固设计,有效提升CIS抗辐照能力。文章通过梳理国内外开展CIS辐照损伤效应仿真模拟研究方面的进展情况,结合课题组已开展的电子元器件辐照效应仿真模拟和实验研究基础,从CIS器件建模、时序驱动电路建模、辐照损伤效应建模、仿真模拟结果校验等方面探讨了CIS辐照损伤效应的仿真模拟方法,分析总结了当前CIS辐照效应仿真模拟研究中亟待解决的关键技术问题。     

Dark spatial solitons sequence in the biased centrosymmetric photorefractive crystal

We theoretically investigate the evolution of dark screening spatial solitons originating from the quadratic electro-optic effect in biased centrosymmetric photorefractive (CP) crystal by using beam propagation method (BPM). The results indicate that the multiple dark solitons sequence can be obtained in the CP crystal with the odd or even initial conditions. If the initial width of the dark notch is smaller, only a fundamental soliton or a Y-junction soliton pair is generated. When the initial width of the dark notch and the bias electric field are increased, the multiple dark spatial solitons sequence is formed, which realized a progressive transition from a low-order soliton to a higher-order solitons sequence in both odd and even conditions. The solitons characteristic is similar to that of screening solitons in the non-centrosymmetric photorefractive (NCP) crystals.     

改进的多尺度形状模板匹配算法

针对形状模板匹配算法在目标发生尺度变化时匹配效率低的问题,提出一种改进的多尺度形状模板匹配算法。离线过程中,针对参考点和多尺度模板与目标的匹配不适应情况,提出一种新的参考点选取方法;在线过程中,采用一种优先匹配策略,确定该尺度层存在最佳模板的期望值,并依此判断该尺度层模板参与匹配的必要性;基于选取的最优参考点和优先匹配策略实现目标的高效匹配。实验结果显示,与经典算法相比,所提算法的平均匹配时间分别为NCC算法、SSDA算法的0.81%、2.25%;且当目标发生平移、旋转和尺度等复杂变化时,依然可以实现目标的精确匹配。     

纳秒激光微织构TC4表面的抑冰性能研究北大核心CSCD

针对航空发动机进气道前缘唇口位置的结冰问题,利用纳秒激光对TC4进行表面微织构,通过扫描电镜观察不同扫描速度下的钛合金表面形貌以及EDS化学成分组成,结合接触角以及低温冷台水滴冻结的实验数据,分析了纳秒激光扫描速度对钛合金表面抑冰效果的影响。结果表明:在激光扫描速度较低的情况下,随着速度的增大,金属表面的粗糙度先增大,直到形成有序排布的凸起与凹陷后粗糙度开始下降,烧蚀效应逐渐减弱,激光加工时钛合金表面的氧化反应程度减轻;表面接触角随粗糙度的增大而增大,在扫描速度为100 mm/s时接触角最大,钛合金表面的抑冰性能最好。     

“轨道角动量:从经典光学到量子信息”专辑前言北大核心CSCD

光子既是经典信息也是量子信息的理想载体。单个光子不仅可以携带自旋角动量,还可以携带轨道角动量。自旋角动量的研究历史比较悠久,早在1909年, Poynting就将宏观上光波的圆偏振态和微观上单个光子的自旋角动量联系起来。但直到1992年,荷兰Leidon大学的Allen等才在理论上确认光子也可以携带另外一种形式的角动量――轨道角动量,它来源于光波的螺旋相位。     

基于多分支网络的深度图帧内编码单元快速划分算法

3维高效视频编码(3D-HEVC)标准是最新的3维(3D)视频编码标准,但由于其引入深度图编码技术导致编码复杂度大幅增加。其中,深度图帧内编码单元(CU)的四叉树划分占3D-HEVC编码复杂度的90%以上。对此,在3D-HEVC深度图帧内编码模式下,针对CU四叉树划分复杂度高的问题,该文提出一种基于深度学习的CU划分结构快速预测方案。首先,构建学习深度图CU划分结构信息的数据集;其次,搭建预测CU划分结构的多分支卷积神经网络(MB-CNN)模型,并利用构建的数据集训练MB-CNN模型;最后,将MB-CNN模型嵌入3D-HEVC的测试平台,通过直接预测深度图帧内编码模式下CU的划分结构来降低CU划分复杂度。与标准算法相比,编码复杂度平均降低了37.4%。实验结果表明,在不影响合成视点质量的前提下,该文所提算法有效地降低了3D-HEVC的编码复杂度。     

ISOLATION,CHARACTERIZATION AND EXPRESSION OF THE COMPLEMENTARY DNA FOR HUMAN TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR (TNF-α)

A cDNA for human TNF-α (615bp) was isolated by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using first strand cDNA from PMA-induced HL-60 cells as template. The result from sequencing the 615 bp cDNA fragment indicated that it corresponded to the entire sequence of mature human TNF coding region. Direct expression of mature human TNF was achieved using a plasmid pHT-1 constructed by ligation of the cDNA and a synthetic DNA. The IPTG-induced bacterial product (hTNF) showed cytotoxicity to mouse L-929 cells. The TNF activity was further identified by neutralization of a specific monoclonal antibody against human TNF-α. Approximately 80,000 units of activity were detected per ml of culture at A600=2.     

Fe(OH)2悬浮液在EDTA作用下氧气氧化生成δ-FeOOH的机理研究

At room temperature and in the presence of trace EDTA, the formation of δ-FeOOH was studied by the rapid oxidation of Fe(OH)2 suspension with O2. The structural and morphological changes were characterized by various techniques such as XRD, FTIR and TEM. γ-FeOOH and (δ-FeOOH) formed simutaneously in the early period of oxidation. But as the rate of mass transfer was in equilibrium, trace (γ-FeOOH) vanished gradually. Accordingly, pure phase δ-FeOOH was obtained. At the same time, critical amount ratio K of EDTA to Fe2+ was verified. The experiments show that the reactivity, rate of the oxidizing agent and pH of the initial medium were important factors for the formation of pure phase (δ-FeOOH). Under the auxiliary effect of EDTA, the reactivity of O2 was nearly improved to that of H2O2. And the process of the oxidation that Fe(OH)2 suspension was oxidized by O2 under that condition was discussed.